How to check if your child has diabetes

Type 1 diabetes in children - Diagnosis and treatment

Diagnosis

There are several blood tests for type 1 diabetes in children. These tests are used to diagnose diabetes and to monitor diabetes management:

Random blood sugar test. This is the primary screening test for type 1 diabetes. A blood sample is taken at a random time. A blood sugar level of 200 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL), or 11.1 millimoles per liter (mmol/L), or higher, along with symptoms, suggests diabetes.
Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test. This test indicates your child's average blood sugar level for the past 3 months. An A1C level of 6.5% or higher on two separate tests indicates diabetes.
Fasting blood sugar test. A blood sample is taken after your child hasn't eaten (fasted) for at least 8 hours or overnight. A fasting blood sugar level of 126 mg/dL (7. 0 mmol/L) or higher suggests type 1 diabetes.

Additional tests

If blood sugar testing indicates diabetes, your health care provider may recommend additional tests to distinguish between type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes because treatment strategies differ by type. Additional tests include blood tests to check for antibodies that are common in type 1 diabetes.

More Information

A1C test

Treatment

Treatment for type 1 diabetes includes:

Taking insulin
Monitoring blood sugar
Eating healthy foods
Exercising regularly

You'll work closely with your child's diabetes treatment team — health care provider, certified diabetes care and education specialist, and registered dietitian. The goal of treatment is to keep your child's blood sugar within certain numbers. This target range helps to keep your child's blood sugar level as close to normal as possible.

Your child's health care provider will let you know what your child's blood sugar target range is. This range may change as your child grows and changes.

Insulin

Anyone who has type 1 diabetes needs lifelong treatment with one or more types of insulin to survive.

Many types of insulin are available, including:

Rapid-acting insulin. This type of insulin starts working within 15 minutes. It reaches peak effect at 60 minutes and lasts about 4 hours. This type is often used 15 to 20 minutes before meals. Examples are lispro (Humalog, Admelog), aspart (NovoLog, Fiasp) and glulisine (Apidra).
Short-acting insulin. Sometimes called regular insulin, this type starts working around 30 minutes after injection. It reaches peak effect at 90 to 120 minutes and lasts about 4 to 6 hours. Examples are human insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R).
Intermediate-acting insulin. Also called NPH insulin, this type of insulin starts working in about 1 to 3 hours. It reaches peak effect at 6 to 8 hours and lasts 12 to 24 hours. Examples are NPH insulin (Humulin N, Novolin N).
Long- and ultra-long-acting insulin. This type of insulin may provide coverage for as long as 14 to 40 hours. Examples are glargine (Lantus, Toujeo, other), detemir (Levemir) and degludec (Tresiba).

Insulin delivery options

Insulin delivery options include:

Fine needle and syringe. This looks like a shot you might get in a health care provider's office, but with a smaller syringe and a much thinner, shorter needle.
Insulin pen with fine needle. This device looks like an ink pen, except the cartridge is filled with insulin. A needle is attached for injection.
An insulin pump. This is a small device worn on the outside of your body that you program to deliver specific amounts of insulin throughout the day and when you eat. A tube connects a reservoir of insulin to a catheter that's inserted under the skin of your abdomen.

There's also a tubeless pump option that involves wearing a pod containing the insulin on your body combined with a tiny catheter that's inserted under your skin.

Blood sugar monitoring

You or your child will need to check and record your child's blood sugar at least four times a day. Typically, you or your child test his or her blood glucose before every meal and at bedtime and occasionally during the middle of the night. But you or your child may need to check it more often if your child doesn't have a continuous glucose monitor.

Frequent testing is the only way to make sure that your child's blood sugar level remains within the target range.

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)

Continuous glucose monitor and insulin pump

A continuous glucose monitor, on the left, is a device that measures blood sugar every few minutes using a sensor inserted under the skin. An insulin pump, attached to the pocket, is a device that’s worn outside of the body with a tube that connects the reservoir of insulin to a catheter inserted under the skin of the abdomen. Insulin pumps are programmed to deliver specific amounts of insulin continuously and with food.

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices measure your blood sugar every few minutes using a temporary sensor inserted under the skin. Some devices show your blood sugar reading at all times on a receiver or your smartphone or smartwatch, while others require that you check your blood sugar by running the receiver over the sensor.

Closed loop system

A closed loop system is a continuous glucose sensor, which checks blood sugar levels every five minutes, and an insulin pump that communicate with each other. The device uses a sophisticated algorithm to automatically deliver the correct amount or withhold insulin when the monitor indicates it's needed.

This is considered a hybrid closed loop system. You or your child still have to tell the device how many carbohydrates are eaten, and periodically confirm blood sugar levels, but the device adjusts insulin delivery throughout the day automatically.

Available devices continue to be refined, and there are more systems currently in clinical trials.

Healthy eating

Food is a big part of any diabetes treatment plan, but that doesn't mean your child has to follow a strict "diabetes diet." Just like the rest of the family, your child's diet should regularly include foods that are high in nutrition and low in fat and calories, such as:

Vegetables
Fruits
Lean protein
Whole grains

Your child's registered dietitian can help you create a meal plan that fits your child's food preferences and health goals, as well as help you plan for occasional treats. The dietitian will also teach you how to count carbohydrates in foods so that you can use that information when figuring out insulin doses.

Physical activity

Everyone needs regular aerobic exercise, and children who have type 1 diabetes are no exception.

But remember that physical activity can affect blood sugar. This effect on blood sugar levels can remain for hours after exercise, possibly even overnight. You or your child might need to adjust your child's meal plan or insulin doses for the increased activity.

If your child begins a new activity, check your child's blood sugar more often than usual until you and your child learn how his or her body reacts to the activity.

Make physical activity part of your child's daily routine. Encourage your child to get at least 60 minutes of physical activity daily or, better yet, exercise with your child.

Handling challenges

Blood sugar can sometimes change unpredictably. During these challenges, more frequent blood sugar testing can help identify problems and guide treatment. Ask your child's diabetes treatment team how to handle these and other challenges:

Picky eating. Very young children with type 1 diabetes might not finish what's on their plates, which can be a problem if they've already received insulin for that food.
Illness. Sickness has varying effects on children's insulin needs. Hormones produced during illness raise blood sugar levels, but reduced carbohydrate intake due to poor appetite or vomiting lowers the insulin requirement. Your child's health care provider will recommend a flu shot for your child every year and may recommend the pneumonia vaccine as well as the COVID-19 vaccine if your child is age 5 or older.
Growth spurts and puberty. Just when you've mastered your child's insulin needs, he or she sprouts up seemingly overnight, and suddenly isn't getting enough insulin. Hormones also can affect insulin requirements, particularly for teenage females as they begin to menstruate.
Sleep. To avoid problems with low blood sugar during the night, you might need to adjust your child's insulin routine and snack times.
Temporary changes in routine. Despite planning, days don't always stay the same. Check blood sugars often when schedules change unexpectedly. Plan ahead for holidays, special occasions and vacations.

Ongoing medical care

Your child will need regular appointments to ensure good diabetes management. This can include a review of your child's blood sugar patterns, insulin needs, eating and physical activity.

Your health care provider also checks your child's A1C levels. The American Diabetes Association generally recommends an A1C of 7% or lower for all children and teens with diabetes.

Your health care provider also will periodically check your child's:

Blood pressure
Growth
Cholesterol levels
Thyroid function
Kidney function
Feet
Eyes

Signs of trouble

Despite your best efforts, sometimes problems will arise. Certain short-term complications of type 1 diabetes require immediate care or they could become very serious, including:

Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)
High blood sugar (hyperglycemia)
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)

Hypoglycemia is a blood sugar level below your child's target range. Blood sugar levels can drop for many reasons, including skipping a meal, getting more physical activity than typical or injecting too much insulin. Low blood sugar is not uncommon in people with type 1 diabetes, but if it isn't treated quickly, symptoms will get worse.

Signs and symptoms of low blood sugar include:

Pallor
Shakiness
Hunger
Sweating
Irritability and other mood changes
Difficulty concentrating or confusion
Dizziness or lightheadedness
Loss of coordination
Slurred speech
Loss of consciousness
Seizures

Teach your child the symptoms of low blood sugar. When in doubt, he or she should always do a blood sugar test. If a blood glucose meter isn't readily available and your child is having symptoms of a low blood sugar, treat for low blood sugar, and then test as soon as possible.

If your child has a low blood sugar reading:

Give a fast-acting carbohydrate. Have your child consume 15 to 20 grams of a fast-acting carbohydrate, such as fruit juice, glucose tablets, hard candy, regular (not diet) soda or another source of sugar. Foods with added fat, such as chocolate or ice cream, don't raise blood sugar as quickly because fat slows down the absorption of the sugar.
Retest blood sugar. Retest your child's blood sugar in about 15 minutes to make sure it's back in the target range. If it's not, repeat giving a fast-acting carbohydrate and testing in 15 minutes as needed until you get a reading in your child's target range.
Follow up with a snack or meal. Once the blood sugar is back in the target range, have your child eat a healthy snack or a meal to help prevent another low blood sugar level.

If a low blood sugar causes your child to lose consciousness, an emergency injection of a hormone that stimulates the release of sugar into the blood (glucagon) may be necessary.

High blood sugar (hyperglycemia)

Hyperglycemia is a blood sugar level above your child's target range. Blood sugar levels can rise for many reasons, including illness, eating too much, eating certain types of foods and not taking enough insulin.

Signs and symptoms of high blood sugar include:

Frequent urination
Increased thirst or dry mouth
Blurred vision
Fatigue
Nausea

If you suspect a high blood sugar level, test your child's blood sugar. If the blood sugar is higher than the target range, follow your child's diabetes treatment plan or check with your child's health care provider. High blood sugar levels don't come down quickly, so ask how long to wait until you check the blood sugar again.

If your child has a blood sugar reading above 240 mg/dL (13. 3 mmol/L), your child should use an over-the-counter ketone test kit to check for ketones.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

A severe lack of insulin causes your child's body to break down fat for energy. This causes the body to produce a substance called ketones. Excess ketones build up in your child's blood, creating a potentially life-threatening condition known as diabetic ketoacidosis.

Signs and symptoms of DKA include:

Thirst or very dry mouth
Increased urination
Dry or flushed skin
Nausea, vomiting or abdominal pain
A sweet, fruity smell on your child's breath
Confusion

If you suspect DKA, check your child's urine for excess ketones. If the ketone levels are high, call your child's health care provider or seek emergency care.

More Information

Pancreas transplant

Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic

Clinical trials

Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this condition.

Lifestyle and home remedies

Following a diabetes treatment plan requires 24-hour care and significant lifestyle changes. Careful management of type 1 diabetes helps reduce your child's risk of serious complications.

As your child gets older:

Encourage him or her to take an increasingly active role in diabetes management
Stress the importance of lifelong diabetes care
Teach your child how to test his or her blood sugar and inject insulin
Help your child make wise food choices
Encourage your child to remain physically active
Foster a relationship between your child and his or her diabetes treatment team
Make sure your child wears a medical identification tag

The habits you teach your child today will help him or her enjoy an active and healthy life with type 1 diabetes.

School and diabetes

You'll need to work with your child's day care provider or school nurse and teachers to make sure they know the signs and symptoms of high and low blood sugar levels. The school nurse might need to administer insulin or check your child's blood sugar levels.

Federal law protects children with diabetes, and schools must make reasonable accommodations to ensure that all children get a proper education.

Ask your health care provider

Contact your child's health care provider, certified diabetes care and education specialist, or registered dietitian between appointments if you have questions.

Coping and support

If managing your child's diabetes seems overwhelming, take it one day at a time. Some days you'll manage your child's blood sugar ideally and on other days, it may seem as if nothing works well. No one can do it perfectly. But your efforts are worthwhile. Don't forget that you're not alone and that your diabetes treatment team can help.

Your child's emotions

Diabetes can affect your child's emotions both directly and indirectly. Poorly controlled blood sugar can cause behavior changes, such as irritability.

Diabetes can also make your child feel different from other kids. Having to draw blood and give shots sets kids with diabetes apart from their peers. Getting your child together with other children who have diabetes or spending time at a diabetes camp may help your child feel less alone.

Mental health and substance abuse

People with diabetes have an increased risk of depression, anxiety and diabetes-related distress. That's why some diabetes specialists regularly include a social worker or psychologist as part of their diabetes care team.

If you notice that your child or adolescent is persistently sad or pessimistic, or experiences dramatic changes in sleeping habits, weight, friends or school performance, have your child screened for depression.

Rebellion also may be an issue, particularly for teens. A child who has been very good about sticking to his or her diabetes treatment plan may rebel in the teen years by ignoring his or her diabetes care. Additionally, experimenting with drugs, alcohol and smoking can be even more dangerous for people with diabetes.

Support groups

Talking to a counselor or therapist may help your child or you cope with the dramatic lifestyle changes that come with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Your child may find encouragement and understanding in a type 1 diabetes support group for children. Support groups for parents also are available.

If you're interested, your health care provider may be able to recommend a group in your area. Websites that offer support include:

The American Diabetes Association (ADA). The ADA also offers diabetes camp programs that provide education and support for children and teens with diabetes.
Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF).

Putting information in perspective

The threat of complications from poorly managed diabetes can be frightening. If you and your child work with your child's health care provider and do your best to manage your child's diabetes, your child will likely live a long and enjoyable life.

Preparing for your appointment

Your child's primary care provider will probably make the initial diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Hospitalization may be needed to stabilize your child's blood sugar levels.

Your child's long-term diabetes care will likely be handled by a pediatric endocrinologist. Your child's health care team also generally includes a certified diabetes care and education specialist, a registered dietitian, and a social worker.

Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment.

What you can do

Before your appointment take these steps:

Make a list of any concerns you have about your child's well-being.
Ask a family member or friend to join you. Managing diabetes requires you to remember a lot of information. Someone who accompanies you may recall something that you missed or forgot.
Make a list of questions to ask your health care provider. Ask your health care provider for a referral to a certified diabetes care and education specialist and a registered dietitian to provide additional education about managing diabetes.

Topics you might want to discuss with your health care team include:

Blood sugar monitoring — frequency and timing and continuous glucose monitors
Insulin therapy — types of insulin used, dose timing and amount
Insulin administration — shots versus pumps and new diabetes technology
Low blood sugar — how to recognize and treat
High blood sugar — how to recognize and treat
Ketones — testing and treatment
Nutrition — types of food and their effects on blood sugar
Carbohydrate counting
Exercise — adjusting insulin and food intake for activity
Dealing with special situations ⸺ such as at day care, school or summer camp; during illness; and on special occasions, such as sleepovers, holidays and vacations
Medical management — how often to visit the health care provider and other diabetes care specialists

What to expect from your doctor

Your health care provider is likely to ask you a number of questions, such as:

How comfortable are you with managing your child's diabetes?
How often does your child have low blood sugar episodes?
What's a typical day's diet like?
How often does your child participate in physical activity?

By Mayo Clinic Staff

How To Tell if Your Child Has Type 1 Diabetes

Written by WebMD Editorial Contributors

Medically Reviewed by Amita Shroff, MD on December 08, 2020

Every parent knows babies and small children sleep and drink a lot. But if your child is suddenly much drowsier or thirstier than usual, it could be a symptom of type 1 diabetes.

It used to be called juvenile diabetes because most of the people who got it were young children. Your child could get type 1 diabetes as an infant, or later, as a toddler or a teen. Most often, it appears after age 5. But some people don’t get it until their late 30s.

Know the symptoms of type 1 diabetes so you can help keep your child healthy.

Understanding Type 1 Diabetes

It’s not the same as “classic” or type 2 diabetes, which is often linked to obesity and seen in adults (but it can occur in children too, usually after age 10).

If your child has type 1 diabetes, it means their pancreas -- an organ in the upper-right side of the belly -- makes little or no insulin. The condition is an autoimmune disorder, which means it happens when the body’s defense system attacks and destroys cells that make insulin.

What to Watch For

Symptoms of type 1 diabetes in infants and children can start very suddenly. Keep an eye out for these signs in your baby or child:

Sudden strange behavior (acting “drunk”)
Breath that smells fruity, sweet, or like wine
Extreme drowsiness or lack of energy
Ongoing, intense thirst
Grunting while breathing
Heavy breathing
Huge appetite
Sudden vision changes
Sudden weight loss
Peeing more often (infants and toddlers may have more wet diapers than usual)
Difficulty breathing

When to Call a Doctor

Type 1 diabetes may cause sudden, extreme swings in blood sugar that can be dangerous. If you notice any of the symptoms of diabetes in your child, it’s important to get them a physical exam as soon as possible, so their doctor can begin treatment right away.

The doctor will do a simple urine test to check for glucose (sugar) in the urine and a finger stick to measure preliminary blood glucose level. A more involved test, called an oral glucose tolerance test, can tell for certain if it’s type 1 diabetes. Your child will need to follow a special diet before this procedure.

If your child has already been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, call your doctor if you notice any of these signs of a low blood sugar emergency:

Blurry or double vision
Cold, clammy skin
Confusion
Dizziness
Drowsiness or tiredness
Extreme or sudden hunger
Headache
Pale, moist skin
Rapid pulse
Shallow breathing
Sweating
Weakness

Low blood sugar can be life-threatening to children with type 1 diabetes. Always call 911 or get emergency medical help if your child ever passes out or has seizures.

"RG"-advice: How to recognize diabetes in a child

In order to reduce such emergency situations as much as possible, the project "Children also have diabetes" was launched in the regions of the country. The main task is to teach parents what to look for, so that if the child is sick, it can be established as early as possible.

Diagnosing diabetes is not difficult at all - you just need to pass the appropriate blood tests on time. The disease does not make itself felt immediately, the symptoms increase gradually. And in order to prevent the development of hyperglycemia, which can end in tragedy, parents are simply obliged to carefully monitor the child. And in which case - immediately take him to the doctor and examine.

However, a recent FOM survey showed that half of the parents are not aware of the early symptoms of the disease at all. And one in four named erroneous symptoms, such as cravings for sweets.

It is clear that it is better not to lead to critical situations. And examine the child without waiting for complications, at the first signs of trouble (see Fig.)

Competently

Thirst is not good

Valentina Peterkova, chief freelance pediatric specialist endocrinologist of the Ministry of Health of Russia:

- Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common endocrine diseases in children and adolescents today. It arises as a result of a complex interaction of genetic factors, viral and immunological disorders, and heredity does not play a big role here. Unfortunately, it is impossible to prevent the onset of diabetes with the help of any preventive measures, but it is possible to make a diagnosis in time and choose the appropriate therapy for a particular patient. This will provide a good level of compensation, the child will be able to live a full life if he follows the doctor's orders. The main thing we urge parents to do is to pay attention to the symptoms in time. Should alert excessive thirst, weight loss with increased appetite, frequent urination, especially at night. If this happens to your child - no need to wait, take him to the doctor and be examined.

Specialist's advice

Protecting yourself from the threat of falling ill

1. Tempering, regular exercise, friendly, warm family environment - all this will help the child to resist provoking factors that trigger the disease - stress and infections.

2. If you call an ambulance for suspected symptoms of hyperglycemia or a hyperglycemic coma in a child, tell the doctor about your observations. Don't refuse hospitalization. The described symptoms will help doctors more accurately and quickly choose a treatment algorithm.

3. Spare your child's pancreas: limit your consumption of sweets, including drinks with added sugar, to reasonable amounts.

4. Most importantly, you must not allow the disease to be detected at a late stage. At the first symptoms, contact a pediatric endocrinologist.

5. If your child has been diagnosed with diabetes, the nursery educator, school teacher should know about it so that they can help.

Important

Not many people know how dangerous diabetes is

With prolonged poor control, it provokes:

cardiovascular disease, heart attack;

arterial hypertension, stroke;

poor wound healing, trophic ulcers;

vision problems up to total blindness;

kidney problems up to kidney failure;

"diabetic foot", threat of gangrene and amputation of limbs;

coma.

Infographics "RG" / Leonid Kuleshov / Irina Nevinnaya

Assess your risk of developing diabetes

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that develops when the body does not produce enough insulin or cannot use it effectively. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. A common result of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus is hyperglycemia, or elevated levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood. Over time this leads to serious damage to many organs: heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nervous system. The development of type 2 diabetes is usually preceded by changes in the body, referred to as prediabetes.

Signs of diabetes mellitus

5 myths

about diabetes

one

I don't like sweets, I can't have diabetes.

Reality:

The sweet name of the disease was not at all due to excessive addiction to sweets.

Diabetes mellitus is chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas produces insufficient amounts of the hormone insulin, or when the body cannot fully utilize the insulin he produces for his needs.

Precisely insulin maintains a normal level of glucose (sugar) in the blood. because of insulin deficiency, blood sugar levels rise, hyperglycemia develops.

If you feel well, you may not need to measure your blood glucose.

Reality:

It is necessary to regularly monitor the level of glucose in the blood, regardless of how you feel. The fact, that moderate hyperglycemia may not be felt by the patient himself, but contributes to the development of complications diabetes mellitus. Therefore, only regular measurement of glucose levels will help in a timely manner. diagnose the disease, select the required dosage of drugs, evaluate their effectiveness and monitor the diet. It is also necessary to evaluate other indicators of blood and urine.

Diabetes mellitus is a disease of the elderly. Young people don't get sick.

Reality:

You can get diabetes at any age, both in the young and in the more mature. Type 1 diabetes develops due to the destruction of special cells pancreas (Langerhans cells) that produce insulin. A decrease in insulin leads to an increase in the concentration of glucose in the blood. It is for this type of diabetes mellitus that the onset is characteristic diseases in childhood and adolescence.

Type 2 diabetes is more common among older adults age. This form of the disease most often develops when there is enough insulin, but the cells of the body lose their sensitivity to its effects. And also in other conditions, most often associated with dysfunction of the pancreas and liver.

four

I was prescribed a diet and pills. If I don't need insulin injections, then I have no diabetes?

Reality:

Not always used to treat diabetes only insulin injections. For example, in type 2 diabetes mellitus, treatment may be initiated with specific diets and antidiabetic drugs in the form of tablets. But this does not mean that there is no disease or that it does not need to be controlled. In any case, it is necessary to visit a doctor, check the level of glucose and other indicators of carbohydrate metabolism. Blood sugar control will help to avoid the development of complications.

Diabetes is a sentence.

Reality:

If you have been diagnosed with diabetes, do not despair. On the contrary, early diagnosis of the disease and timely treatment is an important starting point. for a prosperous life. Regular administration of insulin or taking hypoglycemic drugs, timely control of glucose and other blood and urine parameters, adherence to a rational diet with restriction of simple carbohydrates, moderate physical activity and observation by an endocrinologist - all this will keep glucose levels under control, and therefore prevent and delay the onset fatal complications.

Risk assessment

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Enter your gender.

Woman
The male

2 / 9

How old are you?

Up to 45
45 to 54
55 to 64
Over 65

3 / 9

What is your waist circumference (cm)?

Up to 94
94 to 102
Over 102

3 / 9

What is your waist circumference (cm)?

Up to 80
80 to 88
Over 88

4 / 9

Do you regularly exercise for more than 30 minutes a day?

5 / 9

How often do you eat vegetables, fruits, or whole grains?

Every day
Not every day

6 / 9

Have you ever taken drugs to lower your blood pressure? pressure?

7 / 9

Have you ever had high glucose (sugar) in blood?

8 / 9

Did any of your relatives suffer from diabetes?

Not
Yes (grandparents, aunts/uncles, cousins)
Yes (parents, siblings or own children)

9 / 9

Calculation of body mass index.

Your weight, kg:
Your height, cm:

Your risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the next 10 years is LOW

You do not need any special prophylaxis. You should continue to watch your diet and lead an active lifestyle. The likelihood of developing diabetes is 1% (only 1 person in 100 can get sick).

The risk of developing type 2 diabetes is SLIGHTLY INCREASED

However, if you want to be safe, you should be active, exercise daily, limit your intake of fatty and fried foods, your daily diet must include vegetables , fruits, whole grains. The likelihood of developing diabetes is 4% (4 people out of 100 can get sick).

Type 2 diabetes risk MODERATE

If you fall into this group, then you need to consult a specialist (your doctor or dietitian) for a more thorough assessment of risk factors for developing diabetes, receive recommendations on lifestyle changes, nutrition, etc. The probability of developing diabetes is 17 % (17 people out of 100 may get sick).

Type 2 diabetes risk HIGH

You should seek specialist advice for testing, advice on lifestyle changes, nutrition, risk factors and possibly treatment. The probability of developing diabetes is 33% (every third person can get sick).

The risk of developing type 2 diabetes is HIGH

You should seek the advice of a specialist for an examination, advice on lifestyle changes, nutrition, risk factors, and possibly treatment. The probability of developing diabetes is 33% (every third person can get sick).

Type 2 diabetes risk is VERY HIGH

You probably have type 2 diabetes. Seek immediate help from a specialist (your doctor, dietitian, or endocrinologist) for testing, advice on lifestyle changes, nutrition, risk factors, and possibly treatment.

Welcome

Find us on iTunes!

Popular Posts