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The first days in the hospital - articles from the specialists of the clinic "Mother and Child"

Bogomolova Marina Vadimovna

Embryologist

Clinic "Mother and Child" St. Petersburg

Immediately after childbirth

Immediately after the birth of the child is placed on the mother's stomach , then the umbilical cord is cut and the baby is applied to the mother's breast. Then the skin of the newborn is cleaned, its length and weight, head and chest circumference are measured. The doctor examines the birth canal, if necessary, sews up tears in the soft tissues of the birth canal, assesses the tone of the postpartum uterus, and helps the woman empty her bladder. But even after all these standard manipulations, the mother is not transferred to the postpartum ward, another for two to three hours, the puerperal stays in the maternity block . Why? In the first two hours after childbirth, some complications are possible, primarily uterine bleeding or an increase in blood pressure. Therefore, during these two hours, the mother lies on a stretcher or a bed in the maternity ward, since doctors and midwives are constantly there, and the operating room, in which case, is also located nearby. The child at this time is usually taken to the children's department, where he most often sleeps. And only two hours later, if everything is fine, the mother is transferred to the postpartum ward.

How does a woman feel at this time? Chills may occur, abdominal pain may occur, especially in multiparas.

What should a woman do at this time? Relax and unwind. Take shelter so as not to freeze, especially if chills appear. Place an ice pack on the uterus. If possible, ask the midwife to bring hot tea.

1st day after birth0009 postnatal midwife . She will tell you about the arrangement of the department (where the shower, toilet, dining room are), about the daily routine (the time for visiting doctors, eating) and will help the young mother, if necessary, to empty the bladder using a catheter. If a woman lies together with the baby, then immediately after the transfer to the postpartum ward, the child will be brought to her. The midwife will help the mother to properly attach the baby to the breast and start breastfeeding. Then nurse will come and show you how to swaddle your baby and explain how to take care of him. Do not be afraid that after childbirth there will not be enough strength for the child: most newborns sleep most of the day and wake up only for feeding. In addition, in the maternity hospital, the child is usually washed and dressed by nurses, so that the woman will have enough time to relax. If there is no joint stay of mother and child in the maternity hospital, then every three hours they will bring him to the ward for feeding, and then take him back to the children's department. Over time, the woman herself will pick up and carry the child.

How does a woman feel at this time? On the first day after giving birth, women feel differently. Some experience an incredible elation (this is due to the release of endorphins into the blood - the hormones of pleasure), while others, on the contrary, feel very tired. Some want to call all their friends and announce the birth of a child, they are inspired, full of energy and ready to take care of the baby on their own. Other mothers want to be alone and come to their senses, they still do not have the strength to constantly be with the child.

What should a woman do at this time? In any case, immediately after childbirth, as after any heavy load, you need to restore strength: first eat, and then go to bed or just relax. By the way, the following situation is possible: the birth occurred in the evening or at night, and dinner time has already expired; therefore, in order not to starve, you need to bring something light for a snack (cookies, bread rolls) with you to the hospital in advance.

6 hours after birth, the mother can usually get out of bed.

In general, if the childbirth went without complications, then you should start getting up as early as possible, first with the help of a midwife, and then on your own.

This helps to improve blood circulation, normalize the functioning of the urinary system and intestines, and accelerate healing processes. In addition, very soon the baby will require more attention.

Important point: After childbirth, the tone of the bladder decreases, so the urge to urinate may be absent or it may become painful and frequent. However, you should go to the toilet at least four times a day. Urination can be caused reflexively by opening a tap with water, this helps many people a lot. In the absence of the desired effect, urine is removed by a catheter. Most often there is no stool on the first day after birth.

Next days

Every day, the mother will be examined by an obstetrician-gynecologist : he will evaluate the contraction of the uterus, the condition of the sutures and the amount of discharge, see if colostrum is secreted. The midwife will regularly measure the temperature, pulse, blood pressure and treat the external stitches with disinfectant solutions several times a day. Also, every day the baby will be watched by a pediatrician, after which he will tell his mother about the condition of the child. After a normal birth, a woman, as a rule, is discharged on the 3rd-4th day (after a caesarean section - on the 5th-6th).

How does a woman feel at this time?

After childbirth, a woman may experience pain in the abdomen due to uterine contractions, as well as slight muscle pain in different parts of the body. On the face and on the whites of the eyes, a “rash” may appear - pinpoint hemorrhages that appear due to the fact that small capillaries burst during attempts from tension. Blood pressure can be lowered, so dizziness is possible (to avoid it, you should get up smoothly, without sudden movements). There may be pain in the perineum, even if there were no tears and its incision (pain appears because the perineum was severely stretched during childbirth). If the perineum is sutured, then it will not be possible to sit for at least the first two weeks. Sometimes after childbirth, varicose veins appear in the anus (hemorrhoids), which means discomfort in this place.

What should a woman do at this time? Mom needs to continue to rest and gain strength. And you should also follow the rules of personal hygiene: often change postpartum pads, do air baths for seams (if any), take a shower daily, wash yourself every time after a bowel movement. Well, the most important thing is to establish breastfeeding and learn how to take care of the baby in practice.

Time in the maternity hospital flies very quickly. Try to spend it usefully - restore your strength and acquire useful skills: at home, all this will be very useful to you!

REMINDER

Things to do at the maternity hospital

1. Have a good rest: sleep all your free time and eat well.
2. Get complete information about your child's condition: so ask your pediatrician all your questions.
3. Establish contact with the child: therefore, spend as much time with the baby as possible, ideally being with him all the time. Take the baby in your arms, unfold the diapers, carefully examine the baby without clothes.
4. Learn how to take care of your baby: so ask your baby nurse to show you how to wash your baby, change clothes, swaddle, change diapers, clean ears and nose, cut nails.
5. Establish breastfeeding: To do this, feed your baby on demand. Ask the midwife to show you how to properly hold the baby at the breast, how to give and take away the breast.

Make an appointment

to the doctor - Bogomolova Marina Vadimovna

Clinic "Mother and Child" St. Petersburg

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Clinical Hospital MD GROUP LAHTAK Clinic "Mother and Child" St. Petersburg

All directionsSpecialist consultations (adults)Molecular genetics laboratoryGeneral clinical researchTreatment roomOther gynecological operationsTelemedicine for adultsTherapeutic researchUltrasound examinations for adults

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Baby in the maternity hospital: the first days of life

Immediately after childbirth

As soon as the baby born, the midwife takes him in her arms and immediately begins to care for him. And there are no trifles here. Imagine: a baby is born wet, he has just been in his mother's body, where the temperature was 36. 6 ° C, now he enters the maternity block, where the air temperature is about 24 ° C. This is a warm and comfortable environment for you and me, and for a baby, the difference of these 12 ° C is quite large. Thermoregulation in young children is still imperfect, they do not retain heat well and quickly cool down, and then there is also moist skin and a sharp temperature drop. Therefore, the first thing the midwife does is wipe the baby with a warm diaper and lay it on the mother's stomach. Several factors come into play here: firstly, physical contact with the mother will maintain the child’s body temperature and warm him. Secondly, it will strengthen the psychological bond between mother and baby. And, thirdly, the child's sterile organism will be populated with new maternal microorganisms that will protect it from conditionally pathogenic or pathogenic microflora of the environment.

The next important moment is that the umbilical cord is cut for the newborn, the neonatologist examines the baby and puts an Apgar score. This scale is needed in order to determine which children need more attention. According to this scale, the health status of each newborn is assessed on five indicators: heart rate, respiration, muscle tone, reflexes, and skin color of the baby. During the examination, for each sign (heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, reflexes and skin color) give 0, 1 or 2 points. A score of 2 points in the delivery room is considered the highest and means that the sign is pronounced, 1 point - weakly expressed, 0 points - the sign is absent. The child is evaluated on the Apgar scale at the 1st and 5th minutes of life, so there are always two scores, for example 8/9points or 9/10 points. Children rarely score the maximum 10 points in the first minute of life, and usually the first score is always lower than the second. But the second assessment can just be equal to 10 points. Children who score between 7 and 10 are considered to be in good condition and generally require only routine care. Those who score between 4 and 6 are in fair condition and may only need some resuscitation procedures. Immediate life-saving assistance is necessary for those whose score is below 4. Apgar score - no matter what it will be (low or high) - this is not a diagnosis. This is a signal for the doctor about what measures are now needed or, conversely, the child does not need.

Next, the neonatologist continues to examine the newborn. The doctor looks at how the baby is formed, whether he has any developmental anomalies or any other problems. After that, the newborn is washed, measured, weighed, and a tag with the name of the mother and the time of birth is attached to the handles. Then the child is wrapped in a diaper and applied to the mother's breast. Almost always at this time (within 10–20 minutes after birth), the baby calms down and falls asleep. What happens next depends on the design of the maternity hospital. In some maternity hospitals, for the next two hours, the mother and the newborn are in the maternity ward, in others the child is taken to the children's ward. In any case, if there is an opportunity to be together, you must ask to leave the baby next to you, if the child feels well, this is quite possible.

With mother or in the children's department

Now almost everywhere you can be with a child both together and separately. But again, it all depends on the device of the maternity hospital. If a woman lies separately from the baby, then she will take him for feeding. The sisters of the children's department will take care of the child, wash, change diapers, change clothes. But you need to understand that they do this according to a schedule that is the same for all children in the department, and not according to the individual needs of the child.

If the child lies with his mother, then his regimen is already determined by her. Mom can feed the baby on demand, and not by the hour, as with a separate stay. And she also changes the diaper or changes it when it is really necessary (the child peed and the diaper is full), and not according to some schedule that is the same for everyone. It turns out that a connection is established between mother and child faster, it is easier for a woman to understand what the baby needs, why he is crying and what to do with him. If a mother already at the maternity hospital learns to wash and change a child, change his diaper, upon returning home, she will adapt much easier to a new life and a new daily routine. The second important plus of living together is that breastfeeding is established faster, and when feeding on demand, milk will come faster.

Some women believe that after giving birth they need to rest, be apart from the child, they say, they are taking care of him in the children's department, and for now I will come to my senses and get used to my new state. Yes, if the birth was difficult and the mother endured it hard, then you need to rest. But since childbirth is still a physiological process, a woman recovers very quickly and even after a difficult birth, on the second day, she may well take the child to her ward. After all, judge for yourself - she won’t have to do anything special: she doesn’t cook dinner (the maternity hospital provides food), then she doesn’t wash the dishes, she doesn’t clean or wash anything (the maternity hospital even gives out clean clothes daily). Almost all newborns do not cry in the first days after childbirth, but sleep all the time, and it turns out that the only concern of the mother is to breastfeed the baby several times a day and change the diaper. So a woman will have enough time to rest, and why not use it for business? And one more thing: those who gave the child to the children's department like to blame later that he was supplemented with formula there, although the woman asked not to do this. But imagine the situation: the child cried, his sister examined him - he was washed, changed clothes, that is, everything is in order with him, but he, nevertheless, cries. What will mom do - take the baby in her arms, shake, calm. But the sister of the children's department has many more children nearby, they also need to be looked after. What is the way out - either give a bottle with a mixture or wait for other children to “turn on” from the endless crying of the child.

First examinations, tests, vaccinations

While the newborn is in the hospital, he will be examined by a neonatologist every day. The doctor will either come to the ward to see the mother and the baby, or the child will be taken to the children's department. The doctor must coordinate all manipulations, appointments with the mother, and be sure to tell about all the results of the examination. But he himself will not be able to guess what exactly the woman is interested in, so doctors usually say the main thing, for example: "Everything is in order with the child, he has been examined, no pathology has been detected, he is gaining weight." If you need a more detailed answer, formulate your questions in advance, let's say again: the doctor does not know what interests you - how to care for the navel or why the child has a red spot on his face.

If necessary, the child will be examined by other specialists: an ophthalmologist or a neurologist. The newborn will be required to determine the blood type and Rh factor, and also take a blood test for severe congenital diseases (the so-called screening). The fact that these tests have been carried out will be indicated in the children's part of the exchange card (it will be issued upon discharge). The child may also be assigned some additional studies: a general and biochemical blood test, a general urine test. Also, if necessary, the newborn will undergo an ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs, brain (neurosonography), heart (echocardiography).

As for vaccinations, according to the national vaccination calendar, the first vaccinations are done at the maternity hospital. On the first day of life - from hepatitis B, on the full second day - from tuberculosis. If parents do not want to be vaccinated, then you must inform the doctor about this in advance and write a refusal to vaccinate.

Upon discharge from the maternity hospital, the mother will be given two parts of the exchange card. One of them will contain information about childbirth, and it will have to be taken to the antenatal clinic. The second part of the exchange card will contain data on the child, screening, vaccinations and examinations - it is given to the children's clinic. The next day after the mother and baby return home from the maternity hospital, they will be visited by the health visitor of the polyclinic, and the next day by the pediatrician. And now the specialists of the children's polyclinic will monitor the newborn.

As you can see, the child in the maternity hospital will be under control all the time. Mom, doctors, children's sisters - they will all give him the attention he needs. The main thing for a woman in a maternity hospital is to be active, ask doctors, nurses, learn how to care for a baby, and establish breastfeeding. And then she will return home as a confident and savvy mom!

• Apgar score - no matter what it will be (low or high) - this is not a diagnosis. This is a signal for the doctor about what measures are now needed or, conversely, the child does not need
• If a woman lies separately from the baby, then she will take him to feed. The sisters of the children's department will take care of the child, wash, change diapers, change clothes. But you need to understand that they do it according to a schedule that is the same for all children in the department, and not according to the individual needs of the child
• Laying the baby on the stomach after childbirth will maintain his body temperature, strengthen the psychological bond between mother and baby. And the child’s sterile organism will be populated with new maternal microorganisms that will protect it from conditionally pathogenic or pathogenic microflora of the environment

Memo for mothers

While you are in the hospital

1. If possible, take the child to your room. So you will quickly get used to it, establish breastfeeding and learn how to care for the baby.
2. If you don't know how to wash, change or swaddle your baby, ask the Nursing Nurse to show you how to do it. Do it yourself at least a few times.
3. Ask your midwife in the puerperium to show you how to properly latch on to your baby.
4. Ask a neonatologist what examinations have been done for the child and what he would like to do in the future.
5. Be active - ask the doctor and nurses any questions about the baby.

Attention! Prices for services in different clinics may vary. To clarify the current cost, select a clinic

Clinical Hospital IDKChildren's Clinic "Mother and Child" Samara

All directionsSpecialist consultations (children)Massage / manual therapy for childrenTherapeutic research

01.

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