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1-Month-Old Baby: Milestones, Sleep, and Feeding

Having your baby at home with you in the first few weeks might have felt daunting. As the weeks progress and you gradually adjust to this new little person in your life, you'll become more confident and comfortable. Don’t get too comfortable though! Newborns grow and change rapidly, and your baby will be keeping you on your toes in weeks five, six, seven, and eight. To help you feel more prepared, we’ll outline some typical milestones for a 1-month-old baby, cover what you need to know about feeding and sleeping schedules at this stage, and give you a heads-up on potential conditions your baby might develop, like colic and cradle cap.

Your baby is unique (you knew that, of course!) and it’s normal for them to grow at their own pace. Don’t be surprised if your baby’s development in one area seems to lag for a few weeks, only for them to catch up soon after. Here are some of the baby milestones to look forward to now that your baby is 1 month old.

Does it seem as if your baby’s growing out of their clothes at supersonic speed? On average, babies gain about 1 to 1 1/2 inches in length and about 1 1/2 to 2 pounds in weight this month. At the upcoming checkup, your baby’s healthcare provider will look at your 1-month-old baby’s weight, length, and head circumference and plot these key measurements on baby growth charts. What matters is that your baby grows at a steady rate. However, your baby will go through growth spurts from time to time.

You might notice that your baby’s head is disproportionately larger than their body. This is perfectly normal: their head’s growing a little faster and their body will soon catch up. Your baby will also start to lengthen and develop stronger muscles. Luckily, they’ll still have those cute chubby cheeks for some time to come!

In every waking moment, your baby is slowly taking in the sights, sounds, and smells around them. So, what can babies see at 1 month? Your baby’s vision at 1 month old is still developing, but by now they may be able to better focus on faces and track objects moving in front of them. In the next month or so they may also start to reach for objects. For example, if you hold a rattle in front of them, they may start batting at it.

This month, most of your 1-month-old baby’s movements will still be reflexive, but some of your baby’s reflexes present in the first four weeks may gradually disappear and be replaced by more controlled movement. For example, your baby may briefly hold their head up when they're on their tummy, and they may start to stretch their arms instead of holding them close to their body.

Your baby may also start to stretch and kick their legs. It might seem like a little thing but they’re working hard to strengthen their leg muscles and improve their motor skills. Be careful: Even very young babies can roll over from time to time, so make sure you keep an eye—and hand—on them when they’re up somewhere high like a changing table.

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This month your baby can probably start communicating in a clearer way. If they’re bored, they may let you know by crying out until they’re shown something new. If they’re amused, they may respond by smiling. Around this time, you might also start being able to tell the difference between their hungry cries, tired cries, and irritated cries.

If you haven’t experienced it yet, this month you might see your baby’s first true smile, sometime called the social smile. They’ll flash that little grin when they’re awake, in response to something like the sound of your voice—and your heart will melt.

Here are some things you could try this month:

• Cuddle time. Cuddle your baby as much as possible. Experts say the more quickly and consistently you comfort your baby when they’re upset in the first six months, the less demanding they may be when they’re older.

• Visual stimulation. At this stage, your baby might be drawn to objects with bold patterns, such as stripes or checkerboard designs, in black and white or bright, contrasting colors. A mobile hung safely over the crib is a good choice.

• Tactile toys. Your baby is getting to know the world through touch, too. Show them toys with different textures, shapes, and sizes.

• Talking with your baby. Have a conversation with your baby by letting them “talk” using their coos, gurgles, and smiles, and talking back to them using words, sounds, and facial expressions. In time, your baby will learn to imitate you, so these early “conversations” are an important part of their development.

• Getting physical. Gently stretch your baby’s arms in front of them to form a “clap”; move your baby’s legs as if they were cycling; and continue to practice tummy time. These movements and exercises help develop muscle strength and coordination.

• Playing peek-a-boo. If you’re wondering how to entertain or play with your 1-month-old baby, a game of peek-a-boo always works! That's because babies love seeing faces, especially those of their parents.

• Bonding. Establishing security and trust with your baby allows them to reach their full potential. Find out more about bonding with your newborn in those everyday moments.

Keep in mind that there’s only so much stimulation young babies can handle. Watch for signs that your baby has had enough—they might look away or cry—and give them a chance to rest.

Watch the short video below to learn more about bonding with your baby through touch.

You may be wondering how often “should” a 1-month-old baby eat as they grow. It's best to continue to feed your baby whenever they seem hungry. Your 1-month-old baby’s feeding schedule may likely look like this: about eight times in a 24-hour period for babies who are breastfeeding or about every three to four hours for babies on formula. If your baby is mid-growth spurt, they may want to eat a little more often.

If you’re new to nursing, read more about the how-tos of breastfeeding and check out our go-to breastfeeding guide.

Babies can swallow air when they feed—more often when they’re bottle-fed than when nursing. This swallowed air can make them feel uncomfortable and fussy. To help ease their discomfort, burp your baby during bottle feeds, or when you switch them from one breast to the other. Try one of the burping positions and techniques listed below, using a burp cloth or a small blanket to protect your clothes from spit-up:

• Hold your baby upright with their head resting on your shoulder, patting their back with your other hand.

• Rest them on your lap with their tummy down and gently rub or pat their back.

• Sit your baby on your lap supporting their chin and chest with one hand while rubbing or patting their back with the other.

At this stage, babies may produce about four to six wet diapers a day. If you’re wondering what “should” a 1-month-old baby’s poop look like, know that there is a wide range of “normal” baby poop. And, when it comes to your 1-month-old baby’s poop frequency, even that can vary from baby to baby.

Most babies will have at least one bowel movement a day, but some babies may go several days or a week without pooping. This is likely OK as long as the consistency of the stool is normal—in other words, soft and a little runny—and your 1-month-old baby is eating well and gaining weight. Consult your baby’s healthcare provider if you think your baby may be producing too few wet or soiled diapers, which may indicate your 1-month-old baby is eating less than usual.

Given all the diaper-changing going on in your life, you deserve a reward! Download the Pampers Club app and start earning cash back for all your diapers and wipes purchases.

If you’re wondering how much “should” your 1-month-old baby sleep, by around 4 weeks of age many babies sleep about 14 to 17 hours a day—including roughly five daytime naps. However, every baby is different. With some luck, your baby might start sleeping for longer stretches overnight from about 6 weeks of age, though your 1-month-old baby sleeping through the night is still a ways off.

If you're feeling super tired, take heart: Over time, your baby’s natural biological sleep cycle will emerge, but for now it’s important to allow your baby to sleep whenever they’re drowsy. A key point to remember: Always put your baby to sleep on their back,which can help prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

For more insights and advice on your 1-month-old’s sleep schedule, check out the Newborn Sleep Fundamentals in the Smart Sleep Coach by Pampers app. This easy-to-use app was codeveloped with pediatricians and includes everything you need to know about the science behind babies’ sleep. Plus, it has emotional support for you, tips on creating calming bedtime routines that encourage sleep, and a proprietary algorithm that customizes sleep coaching approaches for when it comes time to help your baby, and you, sleep longer each night.

So, what can babies do at 1 month? Here’s an example of a typical day’s routine for a 1-month-old baby, including bathing, sleeping, feeding, and playing:

Some health issues you may encounter this month include:

• Cradle cap. This condition consists of scaly patches on your baby’s head. Washing their hair and gently combing out the scales may help; if not, your baby’s healthcare provider may recommend a special shampoo.

• Diarrhea. If your baby has very loose, watery stools more than six to eight times a day, let your baby’s healthcare provider know.

• Constipation. If your baby hasn’t had a bowel movement in several days and this is unusual for them, or if you think they may be constipated, reach out to your provider.

• Vomiting. If your baby is vomiting forcefully (i.e., projectile vomiting), is vomiting for more than eight hours or after a couple of feedings, or if any kind of vomiting is accompanied by fever or diarrhea, check in with the provider.

• Spitting up. Spitting up a small amount after eating or being burped can be normal for young babies, especially if it happens within about an hour of feeding. If your baby seems irritable during feeds or shows any other signs of being unwell, contact your baby’s healthcare provider to make sure everything is OK.

• Baby acne. Pimples may appear on your baby’s face at the start of this month. They may be prompted by the stimulation of oil glands in your baby's skin. Try placing a clean receiving blanket under your little one's head while they’re awake and wash their face once a day with a mild baby soap.

• Baby eczema. Does your 1-month-old baby have dry skin on their face or elsewhere? It could be eczema, which can occur after 1 month of age. Your baby’s skin may look dry and scaly, and your little one may have red patches on their face, inner elbows, and/or backs of the knees. Consult your baby’s healthcare provider for treatment. In the meantime, avoid using scented laundry detergent to wash your baby’s clothes and dress your baby in soft fabrics, avoiding wool and rough weaves.

So, how often “should” you bathe your 1-month-old baby? Three times per week is generally recommended; bathing more frequently can dry out your baby’s skin.

All babies cry from time to time, but persistent crying may be a condition called colic if

• your baby seems to cry each day or evening for hours on end

• the crying sounds high-pitched

• the crying seems to be for no apparent reason

• you have a hard time calming your baby when they’re crying.

Your baby’s healthcare provider may make a diagnosis of colic if your little one cries for more than three hours a day, more than three days a week, for at least three weeks straight. Colic often starts when a baby is 2 to 4 weeks old and can last until the baby is about 3 to 4 months old.

Experts aren't sure about the cause of colic, but some potential factors could include:

• Gas. It could be that your baby cries because of discomfort associated with gas. If you notice your baby has a distended stomach and passes gas while crying, this could be the cause. Don’t overfeed your baby. If their tummy seems distended with gas, you could place them on their tummy across your knees, as this extra pressure on their belly may feel good.

• Sensitivity to stimulation. Your baby may feel overwhelmed and may not yet be able to soothe themselves, leading them to cry. You can try to console them by holding them while walking, rocking them in a rocking chair, putting them in a vibrating baby seat, or driving them around.

• Food allergy or sensitivity. Some breastfed babies may be sensitive to a food in mom’s diet, causing discomfort and resulting in crying. Rarely, the discomfort may be caused by a sensitivity to milk protein in formula. Your baby’s healthcare provider will be able to check for and diagnose any food sensitivity or intolerance.

• Medical problem. In some cases, your baby may be reacting to discomfort resulting from an illness or other problem such as a hernia, which the healthcare provider will be able to check for and treat.

Although colic usually lasts only a few months, this can seem like a lifetime when your baby is in the middle of a crying spell! Sometimes, nothing will seem to work to calm them and your nerves may become frayed.

Never Shake Your Baby!

If you are feeling overwhelmed and frustrated, put your baby in a safe location, such as their crib, for a short time and take a break in another room, or ask a loved one to care for them for a few hours so you can have some much-deserved me time. With colic, there is an end in sight; in a few months or so those colicky crying spells will likely stop.

Regular checkups at this early stage typically take place when your baby turns 1 month old and again when they’re 2 months old. Of course, you can call your baby’s healthcare provider any time you have a question or concern, even between visits. At your baby’s regular checkups your baby’s provider will

• check your baby’s growth and development

• do a physical exam

• complete any screening tests that haven’t been done yet

• ask how you’re doing and perhaps offer advice

• answer all your questions

• give you an idea of your baby’s progress in the coming weeks and months

• schedule or give your baby any immunizations that may be required in the coming weeks.

Here are some tips to help you bond with your little one and help them feel safe and secure, key components of healthy development:

• Provide close, warm, and consistent physical contact. Holding and hugging your baby as often as possible promotes your baby’s sense of security and well-being. Continued skin-to-skin contact is also important. Make sure others in the household and other caregivers also provide the same loving care to your baby. There’s no way you can spoil your baby by giving them the attention they need.

• Talk to your baby. Say your baby's name and use simple phrases to narrate some of your actions, such as during dressing, diaper-changing, bath time, and feeding. Respond to their facial expressions and gestures—it’s a conversation! If you or your partner speak a different language, feel free to use it with your baby.

• Read to your baby. Daily reading helps foster your baby's language development. Reading together also creates a feeling of physical closeness.

• Be attuned to your baby’s personality and rhythm. Even at this early stage of their life, you know a lot about your baby: their temperament and moods, their likes and dislikes. Paying attention to their cues will help you respond to their needs.

Whether you’ve already purchased some of the following baby products or have received them as gifts at your baby shower, these are things you may be reaching for this month:

• Diaper bag. You may start heading outside more often this month and a diaper bag will help keep all your baby’s things organized, including diapers, wipes, and an extra change of clothes, among other necessities.

• Baby bathtub. By now your baby’s umbilical cord stump has fallen off, so it’s time to bring out the baby bathtub.

• Baby wash/shampoo and other bath-time supplies. A multi-purpose baby wash or shampoo designed for sensitive skin is a good choice.

• Diapers, wipes, and diaper rash cream. You’ll continue to go through a lot of diapers in the months ahead, so it’s smart to stock up on supplies in advance.

• Sound machine. If your baby takes a while to fall asleep, you may consider using white noise or very soft music to help lull them to sleep.

• Humidifier. If the air is dry in your home, or if your little one comes down with a cold, your baby's healthcare provider may suggest using a cool-mist humidifier in the room your baby sleeps.

• Night-light. Having a night-light is helpful when it comes to those late-night feedings and check-ins. With a night-light there’s no need to disturb your baby by turning on a bright overhead light.

• Baby thermometer. Babies tend to run fevers, and you'll need a thermometer specifically designed for babies, along with an up-to-date first-aid kit.

You might be feeling more confident this month as some of the uncertainty you may have felt during the first few weeks starts to fade away. Still, talk about any concerns you have with trusted loved ones or your healthcare provider. You might be surprised how much better you feel afterward.

If you're breastfeeding, you might experience discomfort resulting from a breast infection called mastitis. Contact your healthcare provider if you notice symptoms such as sore breasts, fever, or nausea. Don’t stop nursing as this will make things worse. Keep in mind that it’s safe for your baby to nurse when you have mastitis—the milk is not infected.

Treatment for mastitis includes expressing milk from your breasts either by feeding or pumping, but your provider may also recommend antibiotics. Get plenty of rest and drink lots of water to help your body fight the infection. Learn more about what mastitis is and how to treat it.

□ If you haven’t already been to the appointment, schedule and take your baby to their 1-month-old health checkup.

□ Keep track of any questions or concerns you have so you don't forget to bring them up at your next visit. Among other things, your baby's healthcare provider will want to know about your baby’s

• bowel movements (diarrhea and/or constipation)

• vomiting, fevers, infections

• hearing or vision problems

• sleep issues

• rashes

• weigh gain and/or loss.

□ Sign up for a baby first-aid course and encourage others who care for your baby to attend along with you. If you’re unsure where to find such a course near you, ask your baby’s healthcare provider—they’ll know one in your local area.

□ If you’re eager to know what’s ahead next month, take a look at what you might experience once your baby is 2 months old.

□ Your baby will be 2 months old soon. Why not download these milestone cards to help celebrate and share this big day with friends and family.

For even more information, sign up to get our regular emails:

Development of a baby at 1 month

Article structure

What can a child at this age do?

The current AAP (American Academy of Pediatrics) recommendation is that the most appropriate and safest position for your baby is the supine position during sleep, which reduces the risk of SIDS (Sudden Neonatal Death Syndrome).

The mother's diet during breastfeeding should be varied and tasty, contain dairy products, meat, fruits and vegetables, and more fluids.

Physiological neonatal jaundice

Appears from the 2-3rd day of life (face, trunk) and should decrease and gradually disappear until the 10-14th day if the baby was born at term. The general condition of the baby is not disturbed, he actively sucks his breast and gains weight well. However, you should contact the pediatrician if the baby is lethargic, poorly gaining weight, jaundice spreads to the arms and legs, the color intensity increases, the urine acquires a rich color, and the feces brighten.

Baby's crying

Is the only way to communicate with you, so the mother very quickly begins to understand what different intonations, intensity and duration mean. Thus, if there are no apparent reasons (hunger, heat or cold, wet or uncomfortable clothes, a full diaper), monotonous, loud, prolonged crying, possibly accompanied by vomiting, should alert and become a reason for immediate medical attention.

Colic

Such crying can be with colic. What is it? So, colic is also a transient (transient) functional reaction of the baby's digestive system, the immaturity of which leads to increased gas formation and intestinal spasm. This is accompanied by strong crying of the baby, tension in the abdomen, as a rule, at about the same hours in the evening, starting from the age of three weeks.

You should know that colic does not threaten the baby's health (except perhaps the peace of mind of the parents), disappear as the digestive system matures (on average, up to three months of age or earlier). Your love and patience will help the baby survive this period: carry the baby in your arms - the warmth of your body will help calm down and relieve intestinal spasm, put the baby in a warm diaper. Medicines should only be used as directed by a doctor.

Redness

In the first two or three weeks, the baby's skin may be reddened (so-called transient erythema), peeling, rashes mainly on the skin of the face - acne or milia (blockage of the sebaceous glands) of newborns. If changes in the skin do not cause concern for the baby, he is gaining weight well, has a normal body temperature, sleep is preserved - there is no reason to worry.

Difficulty breathing

There may be a deep breath with a slow exhalation, "heavy" breathing - in the first 5 days. But wheezing, whistling, very frequent or vice versa rare breathing (the norm is 30–60 breaths per minute), prolonged respiratory arrest (10–20 s) require a visit to a doctor.

Sexual crisis

Parents may be frightened by their manifestations of such a transient functional state as a sexual crisis. It is caused by the action of estrogens - hormones that the child receives from the mother before childbirth. The manifestations of this crisis develop to the maximum on the 7-8th day and finally disappear within 2-3 weeks. Swelling of the mammary glands, which is possible in both sexes on the 7-8th day, disappears by the end of the 1st month of life. There may be an increase in pigmentation of the external genitalia, vaginal discharge in girls.

Body temperature

The body temperature of a newborn is between 36.5 and 37.5 °C. The baby has imperfect thermoregulation, so it is easy to overcool or overheat. That is why you should monitor the temperature in the room - 22 ° C (full-term), 24 ° C (premature, small children) - and be sure to humidify the air.

Weight loss

Physiological weight loss in the first 10 days - 10% of birth weight (fluid loss with evaporation from the body surface, meconium discharge). What to do? Continue adequate breastfeeding, i.e. on demand.

Baby's reflexes

Baby's reflexes must be symmetrical, i.e. the same on the right and left. They gradually disappear by 3-4 months. The presence of these reflexes, their symmetry and timely gradual disappearance are important signs of the appropriate development of the child's nervous system.

The development of the baby is ongoing: physical - walks, gymnastics, massage; emotional - carrying on hands, breastfeeding, reaction to crying; sensory - communication, bathing, massage. Surely you noticed how everything is interconnected.

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What a baby should be able to do at 1 month - what a baby can do at 1 month development adds a few centimeters in height, the chest and head increase in volume. For what a child should be able to do at 1 month, while instincts and reflexes are responsible, however, the development of skills is in full swing.

What monthly babies should be able to do

The development of each child is individual, however, the presence of certain skills by this age is necessary. Among them are several abilities.

• Hold your head. This skill is most noticeable while lying on your stomach. The baby's face is not stuck in the diaper, the head is slightly raised. In this position, the baby can be a few seconds.
• Get to know mom. When she takes him in her arms and talks to him, the baby calms down, calms down and stops crying.
• Look at an object or a stationary person. The first fixation of the gaze lasts a second, but every day it becomes more and more confident. Closer to two months, the baby is already confidently following the mother's walking around the room and moving toys.
• Pronounce throat sounds similar to gurgling. This is the beginning of cooing, when the baby first consciously experiences the speech apparatus. And while the first words are still far away, the first attempts occur already at the age of one month.
• Listen for sounds. The reaction becomes more conscious, the baby is less likely to be frightened by sharp sounds, distinguishes intonations of speech. Mom's voice calms the baby, and the voices of strangers frighten and alert.
• Smile. Up to a month, the child's smile is unconscious, and basically it was noticeable only in a dream. Now he can smile at mom and dad in response to a smile or kind words.
• React to touch. When the baby is touched by a loved one, he rejoices and even stops crying. However, the touch of a stranger can greatly frighten him. Therefore, it is not recommended to give the child to strangers in the hands of strangers.
• Wake up and eat at the same time. At this age, children are already forming a daily routine. Mom can correct it, but this must be done very gently, without stress for the child.
• Lie quietly. Muscle hypertonicity at this time subsides, and most children already know how to lie relaxed. Some no longer need to be swaddled while sleeping.
• Screaming and crying. A monthly baby cries about three hours a day. This is considered the norm, since it is in this way that he can inform his mother about problems. Crying varies depending on the irritating factor - hunger, a dirty diaper, the desire to be held, sleep, etc.

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Baby's reflexes by one month of life

By 1 month newborn's reflexes do not fade away, and with certain manipulations the baby's body reacts. This is not always liked by the baby, but the stimulation of which reflexes helps the development of muscles and the nervous system. At this age, eight reflexes remain.

• Grasping. If you touch the palm of a child, he will grab it and squeeze it tightly.
• Search. When touched on the left cheek, the newborn turns his head to the left, when touched on the right - to the right. If you touch the chin, he will lower his head. This reflex helps to find a breast or a bottle of food.
• Suckling, if you put your fingertip around the baby's mouth, he will suck it like a pacifier. The sucking reflex also helps the baby find food.
• Moro reflex. It works if you slap on the surface on which the baby lies, 20-25 centimeters from his head on both sides. The baby will spread his arms and immediately press him to himself, as if hugging a small object. He will do about the same if he abruptly removes one of the hands that supports him.
• Babinski reflex. The child's toes diverge like a fan if you stroke the arch of the foot from the outside. In this case, the foot itself is slightly retracted to the side.
• Babkin's reflex. The baby turns his head and opens his mouth when pressing on the tubercle of the palm immediately below the thumb. If you press on the right palm, it turns to the right, if on the left, then to the left.
• Reflex crawl. The baby is placed on his stomach, his legs are pressed and his palm is placed on the soles. Leaning on them, he will push off and crawl a few centimeters.
• Automatic gait. The child is held vertically by the armpits so that he rests his feet on the table or floor. When it is slightly leaned forward, the baby moves with his feet, taking steps.

What should alert the mother

It is necessary to turn to a pediatrician and a neurologist in situations where the baby is not able to:

• keep his head in the position on his stomach;
• scream;
• respond to light, touch and sound;
• smile;
• focus the gaze.

Special attention of doctors is required for children whose reflexes have faded before the term or did not appear at all. This may indicate serious lesions of the central nervous system that require immediate treatment. In most cases, pediatricians detect this defect themselves - in the maternity hospital or during a routine examination.

The daily routine of a month-old baby

The sleep of a month-old baby lasts 16-20 hours a day. Most children sleep restlessly and wake up every 2-4 hours. Possible causes of awakenings during nighttime and daytime sleep are indicated in the table.

The feeding schedule is determined individually. In children who are breastfed, the number of feedings per day can reach up to 10-12. This is especially noticeable when the mother has little milk, and the child has to eat fractionally. Artificers eat on average once every three hours, which is 8 feedings per day. In any case, the baby does not experience a lack of food, as it is perfectly able to declare hunger.

The mode of walking is not constant and depends on the weather. In the warm season, in the absence of extreme heat and rain, you can walk for two hours a day or more. In the cold season, it is enough for a one-month-old baby to breathe fresh air for 10-15 minutes. In rain and severe frost, it is better to exclude walks, replacing sleeping with an open window in warm clothes and staying on the balcony for several minutes a day.

How to develop a baby in a month

If the baby does not want to hold his head, stimulate this skill. Put it on your stomach and slowly lift it up. Keep an eye on the head, if it does not rise with the body, lower the child to the surface. Most children raise their heads to look around from a new position.

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