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Diseases & conditions
- Coronavirus Resource Center
- Acne
- Eczema
- Hair loss
- Psoriasis
- Rosacea
- Skin cancer
- A to Z diseases
- A to Z videos
- DIY acne treatment
- How dermatologists treat
- Skin care: Acne-prone skin
- Causes
- Is it really acne?
- Types & treatments
- Childhood eczema
- Adult eczema
- Insider secrets
- Types of hair loss
- Treatment for hair loss
- Causes of hair loss
- Hair care matters
- Insider secrets
- What is psoriasis
- Diagnosis & treatment
- Skin, hair & nail care
- Triggers
- Insider secrets
- What is rosacea
- Treatment
- Skin care & triggers
- Insider secrets
- Types and treatment
- Find skin cancer
- Prevent skin cancer
- Raise awareness
- Español
Featured
How Natalie cleared her adult acneNatalie tried many acne products without success.
Find out how a board-certified dermatologist helped Natalie see clear skin before her wedding.
JAK inhibitors are helping patients with alopecia areata, eczema/atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and vitiligo. Here’s what you need to know.
Everyday care
- Skin care basics
- Skin care secrets
- Injured skin
- Itchy skin
- Sun protection
- Hair & scalp care
- Nail care secrets
- Basic skin care
- Dry, oily skin
- Hair removal
- Tattoos and piercings
- Anti-aging skin care
- For your face
- For your skin routine
- Preventing skin problems
- Bites & stings
- Burns, cuts, & other wounds
- Itch relief
- Poison ivy, oak & sumac
- Rashes
- Shade, clothing, and sunscreen
- Sun damage and your skin
- Aprenda a proteger su piel del sol
- Your hair
- Your scalp
- Nail care basics
- Manicures & pedicures
Featured
Practice Safe SunEveryone's at risk for skin cancer.
These dermatologists' tips tell you how to protect your skin.
Find out what may be causing the itch and what can bring relief.
Darker Skin Tones
- Skin care secrets
- Hair care
- Hair loss
- Diseases & Conditions
- Acne
- Dark spots
- Dry skin
- Light spots
- Razor bumps
- Caring for Black hair
- Scalp psoriasis
- Weaves & extensions
- Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia
- Frontal fibrosing alopecia
- Hairstyles that pull can cause hair loss
- Acanthosis nigricans
- Acne keloidalis nuchae
- Hidradenitis suppurativa
- Keloid scars
- Lupus and your skin
- Sarcoidosis and your skin
- Skin cancer
- Vitiligo
- More diseases & conditions
Featured
Fade dark spotsFind out why dark spots appear and what can fade them.
If you have what feels like razor bumps or acne on the back of your neck or scalp, you may have acne keloidalis nuchae. Find out what can help.
Cosmetic treatments
- Your safety
- Age spots & dark marks
- Cellulite & fat removal
- Hair removal
- Scars & stretch marks
- Wrinkles
- Younger-looking skin
Featured
Laser hair removalYou can expect permanent results in all but one area.
Do you know which one?
If you want to diminish a noticeable scar, know these 10 things before having laser treatment.
BotoxIt can smooth out deep wrinkles and lines, but the results aren’t permanent. Here’s how long botox tends to last.
Public health programs
- Skin cancer awareness
- Free skin cancer screenings
- Kids' camp
- Good Skin Knowledge
- Shade Structure grants
- Skin Cancer, Take a Hike!™
- Awareness campaigns
- Flyers & posters
- Get involved
- Lesson plans and activities
- Community grants
Featured
Free materials to help raise skin cancer awarenessUse these professionally produced online infographics, posters, and videos to help others find and prevent skin cancer.
Free to everyone, these materials teach young people about common skin conditions, which can prevent misunderstanding and bullying.
Find a dermatologist
- Find a dermatologist
- What is a dermatologist?
- FAAD: What it means
- How to select a dermatologist
- Telemedicine appointments
- Prior authorization
- Dermatologists team up to improve patient care
Featured
Find a DermatologistYou can search by location, condition, and procedure to find the dermatologist that’s right for you.
A dermatologist is a medical doctor who specializes in treating the skin, hair, and nails. Dermatologists care for people of all ages.
possible causes of appearance, possible deviations, therapy
If a child has a bump on the fingers, lower leg, or foot, all the attention of the patient himself, as well as his parents, grandparents, is focused on the leg. The more responsible the older generation, the more attention the child can count on. However, this is absolutely correct - the formation may indicate a serious disease that only a qualified doctor can diagnose. Most often, bumps occur on the background of a blow or after vaccination. Let's consider these cases.
They gave an injection: subtleties
Recently, an increasing number of parents are protesting against vaccinations: it seems to many that such injections are unnecessary, and injections only spoil the future of their child.
To some extent, they are justified by the logic of comparison with past centuries, when there were no special drugs that would prevent serious illnesses, which means that there were no consequences of their introduction, and not every child later suffered from a terrible pathology. But if you make an injection, you never know what results it will lead to. For example, many people know that after DPT, a bump appears quite often on a child’s leg.
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The need for vaccinations is explained by the nuances of the formation of human immunity: its base is laid at a very early age. Even before reaching a year, babies gradually acquire various substances and compounds that will then protect their body as they grow older and for the rest of their lives. This means that the timely delivery of the vaccine during this period gives the child safety for years and decades to come.
True, sometimes an injection can provoke undesirable phenomena.
Complications: what and why?
Various unwanted symptoms may appear after DTP in a child. A bump on the leg is not the only thing that causes the injection. Sometimes the child is in a fever, it becomes whiny or indifferent. Some children are constantly drawn to sleep, others lose their appetite. The area of administration of the substance becomes the focus of localization of the infiltrate. The shape is usually similar to a circle, the dimensions are small, and the skin in this area is reddened and hotter than normal. Some note itching, soreness of the site.
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As soon as the baby begins to walk, falls and injuries become a common a child with bumps on the leg, fever, fever and pain can be disturbed with an increased degree of probability. As it turned out, children who received an incorrectly delivered injection are more susceptible to this: if the nurse squeezes the tissues in the area of reference too much, the risks of forming a seal increase.
Such consequences can be caused by an injection, the introduction of which did not comply with the technical rules. In some cases, the cause of the reaction is the response of one's own immunity, the penetration of an infection or inflammatory agent through the skin, the accumulation of purulent secretions. If the molding dimensions do not exceed 7 mm, there is no obvious focus of inflammation, the bump is considered a normal reaction and does not require specialized intervention.
What to do?
If the cause of the bumps on the child's legs was a vaccination, and the condition is such that the child needs qualified assistance, the doctor will select a comprehensive course. It is important to start it as early as possible so that the condition does not worsen. Parents will have to constantly check the temperature readings, monitoring for a possible sharp increase in heat. It is also important to monitor the baby, preventing combing the diseased area. In the first few days after the administration of the drug, it is forbidden to bathe the child, and for the period of formation of immune protection, interaction with peers should be limited.
It is equally important to control how much a child drinks in order to prevent dehydration.
Sometimes a bump on a child's leg from a vaccination is treated with medication. To make complications less pronounced, as well as to minimize side effects, Fenistil drops should be used. The drug is used, taking into account the recommendations of the manufacturer in relation to the age of the patient. In a feverish state, they resort to medicinal formulations with paracetamol, ibuprofen. It is forbidden to use substances on an empty stomach, since non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs activate the production of gastric juice.
Important Aspects
If a child has a bump on his leg after vaccination, parents will have to take care of monitoring the baby's nutrition, and especially how much he drinks per day. Violation of the fluid balance can cause dehydration, leading to a variety of internal disorders. To minimize such undesirable consequences, you need to drink a lot and plentifully.
Keep in mind that fever is often accompanied by vomiting, which means that the risks of dehydration become even more pronounced. To reduce them, it is recommended to use "Gastrolit" or "Regidron".
As a preventive measure, saline solutions are instilled into the child after the vaccine has been given. This minimizes the risk of an inflammatory reaction affecting the body as a whole.
Topical treatment
If a child has a bump on his leg after the vaccine, it is worth looking at substances intended for external use. Thus, an increase in the trophic abilities of organic tissues is achievable by using Troxerutin. The drug helps the seal to dissolve faster, relieves pain and eliminates the activity of the focus of inflammation.
If, during the injection, a substance instead of muscle tissue got into a vein, you can try using Aescusan. The drug stimulates blood flow in the area of application, helps to quickly clear the area of toxic compounds.
As an effective antihistamine for topical use, the gel is presented in pharmacies under the name "Fenistil".
As part of the fight against a red bump on the legs of a child, the drug is used to reduce hyperemia of the skin. The tool activates the regenerative processes.
Strictly prohibited
If a child was prescribed any drugs and medicines, nutritional supplements, but after receiving the vaccine a lump appeared on his leg, he probably has a malfunction of internal systems and organs due to a drug conflict. In particular, if calciferol was used before the procedure, it should be discarded after receiving the injection in order to minimize the likelihood of an allergic response. Instead of vitamin complexes, you can use calcium gluconate.
If the child is prone to allergic reactions, it is forbidden to use Suprastin. Despite the strong antihistamine effect, this medication dries up the mucous membranes, which means it increases the risk of acute respiratory diseases, especially if the injection was given during a period of high probability of getting sick. It is better to choose antihistamine drops - in pharmacies there is a lot of variety of drugs of this type.
In specialized directories, you can find a lot of photos that reflect what bumps on the child's legs may appear, as well as recommendations and restrictions associated with treatment if such formations occur against the background of vaccinations. In particular, from specialized publications you can find out that ichthyol ointment, alcohol and all medicines containing these components are strictly prohibited, as they can harm the skin. If the child suffers from a fever, aspirin should not be used to alleviate the condition, since the substance irritates the stomach walls and, with a high degree of probability, provokes undesirable effects.
Folk medicine
If a child has a lump on his leg, and classical medicines do not work or are not applicable due to individual intolerance, the possibility of treatment with folk compositions should be considered. Sometimes healers recommend trying cottage cheese - the product is heated, laid out on fabrics and a compress is applied to the inflamed areas, after which it is fixed with a bandage.
You can wrap your leg with a warm shawl. An alternative, but no less reliable option is based on the use of honey - the product is heated, the egg and a drop of oil squeezed from the olive are mixed in. The finished product is allowed to cool, then applied to the affected areas.
Cabbage leaves have proven themselves well in the fight against bumps on the child's legs. They are washed with warm water, beaten off, incised in the thickest areas, then applied to the diseased area and carefully attached. This compress can be left overnight.
A popular variant of the compress involves mixing equal volumes of honey and black bread flour. The finished dough is placed on the cone. It is not necessary to cover the area with a film - this will create an undesirable effect that worsens the condition of the skin, and can provoke active inflammation.
Hygroma
Another variant of a lump on a child's leg is hygroma, the name of which comes from the Greek language and means a wet tumor.
The term is commonly referred to as a round cyst. Less commonly, the formation is irregular in shape. In any case, it belongs to the number of benign. The dimensions of the hygroma vary between 0.5-3 cm. The area is dense to the touch. Studies show that the hygroma is formed by the cells of the synovial articular membrane or tendon tissues. In medicine, the formation of a ganglion is often called.
Visually, the lumps on the child's legs look like capsules filled with colorless jelly. The content is transparent. The articular membranes protrude between the ligaments, tendons, which leads to the appearance of a specific hard or soft formation under the skin. Hygroma is the accumulation of fluid in the joint bag. The pathological condition can occur in people of any age and gender. In children, hygromas, as can be seen from medical statistics, are very common. There is a probability of malignancy of the area, but it is estimated as extremely small. Sometimes the site may be disturbed by limited mobility, but there is almost no pain due to hygroma.
Where did the trouble come from
A bump on the child's leg on the ankle, knee and other areas of the limb appears unpredictably, worries many. It is noted that often there are no obvious reasons for the appearance of formation in principle. In addition to the legs, the arms and neck may also be affected. Occasionally, a hygroma appears in the brain. The most common area of localization is the knee. The ganglia of the occiput, which can provoke the death of the patient, are considered to be the most dangerous.
The risk of bumps formation is higher if the child is sick, which affects the state of fibrin, and also gets injured, faces increased physical exertion, which negatively affects the general condition of the body. Most often, bumps on the legs of a child (on the feet, in the knee and other areas) appear if the child moves too much or too little. Joint trauma, ligament sprain, prolonged heavy loads on the area can lead to such a consequence. Occasionally, the formation appears even during development in the mother's womb, but more often - after birth.
Treatment in an impressive percentage of cases involves surgery. General anesthesia is required if the patient is under ten years of age, and local anesthesia for older children.
How to notice
You can understand that a bump on a child's leg (on the foot, ankle, knee) is a hygroma if you carefully examine the child. As a rule, at the initial stage, it is almost impossible to suspect a problem, since there is no pain, changes visible to the eye - too, anxiety or limitation of mobility does not appear. A careful examination of the limbs can reveal a compacted area of \u200b\u200bthe skin. The tumor develops for months, years, gradually adds dimensions. Sooner or later, this provokes discomfort, can cause pain during periods of increased stress. Signs indicate a decrease in the amplitude of joint movements. In addition, the ganglion is located close to the nerve structures and irritates them.
If you suspect that the child has bumps growing on his legs, you need to carefully examine the area.
Palpation may reveal the presence of a sedentary spherical smooth formation whose base is attached to the bones of the skeleton and tissues nearby. Usually, a ganglion appears alone, less often peculiar rice bodies are formed - rather mobile areas of neoplasms. When examining fingers, there is no soreness, heat too. The progress of the pathological condition is accompanied by pulling pain with strong pressure on the site. The sensations are dull, can be given to other parts of the body, are activated with increased loads. The skin over the tumor becomes rough, their thickness increases. In the presence of a focus of inflammation, the skin turns red.
Case nuances
A bump on a child's toe, a formation on the foot or knee can be elastic, and palpation allows you to feel their softness. For others, the area becomes hard. Both options may indicate a hygroma. Regardless of the consistency, the area is always clearly limited, while the skin on top can move freely. The growth of the ganglion is possible due to the increased activity of the patient.
When a person is resting, the hygroma may decrease again.
The ganglion itself will not disappear. Treatment with conservative methods is almost always useless, and the best results are obtained by a timely operation. Although it is not worth delaying the intervention, there is no need to panic too much either: there are no known cases of transformation of hygromas into malignant tumors.
Localization - foot
As medical studies have shown, foot ganglion most often appears in children who spend a lot of time playing active games, associated with dislocations and bruises of this area of the body. Injuries provoke the formation of a tumor formation, and most often - on the back of the phalanx bone system or near the ankle. Hygroma progresses rapidly and brings considerable discomfort when moving.
A distinctive feature of the foot ganglion is severe pain in the formation, due to the abundance of nerve endings in this area of the human body. It is hard for a child to wear shoes and just walk, the child constantly complains about these sensations.
The use of tight shoes is accompanied by the risk of additional injury, in which the tumor may begin to grow aggressively, squeezing the vascular areas and the endings of the nervous system. Trauma initiates the inflammatory process. To minimize undesirable consequences and save the patient from discomfort, the removal operation should be performed as early as possible.
A conservative approach is possible - the hygroma is pressed, then the contents of the capsule are removed by punctures. Such treatment is accompanied by an increased risk of recurrence, as the synovial fluid-generating capsule remains in place. The operation can be performed with a laser, they can make an excision. This treatment option is accompanied by a significantly lower risk of relapse.
Nuances of clarification
In general, it is very easy to determine hygroma, and special research events are not organized. The most accurate results are obtained by palpation of formations located directly under the skin.
With deep localization, the patient may be referred for an x-ray for a more accurate assessment of the condition.
In rare cases, as is known from clinical observations, the ganglion was incorrectly diagnosed, was incorrectly and inaccurately defined. There is a risk of confusing the process with other tumors, as well as an abscess. With certain nuances of the development of hygroma, it is similar to benign, malignant formations. Simplification of diagnosis is possible taking into account information about the typical localization of the ganglion. Be sure to examine the patient and investigate all his complaints.
If there is doubt about the accuracy of the diagnosis, the child should be referred for x-rays, ultrasound examination of the formation and tissues in the vicinity. Sometimes a puncture is shown. During the procedure, biological fluids are obtained, which are examined in the laboratory in order to determine histological features.
Difficulties of the issue
It is known that visually ganglion resembles lipoma, atheroma. In order not to confuse the conditions, in order to make a correct diagnosis, you need to collect an anamnesis, take into account all the manifestations of the pathology. X-ray allows you to exclude diseases of the joints, the skeletal system. During ultrasound, you can visualize the capsule, see the structural features, detect blood vessels in the walls, if any, and assess the location relative to the nerve endings. Currently, ultrasound diagnostics is prescribed for almost all patients, since it requires a minimum of time, is simple, and is accessible to almost everyone. The study provides a wealth of information useful in choosing a course of treatment.
How to help
Curing an illness involves taking steps to help minimize the risk of recurrence. Nowadays, the most promising option is the timely operation, during which the diseased area is excised, and the capsule shell is worked out using a laser machine. Excision requires local anesthesia, lasts about 30 minutes, in rare cases of increased complexity - a little longer. The stitches can be removed after a week. With large dimensions, a complicated area of location, general anesthesia may be recommended. This is especially true for patients under 10 years of age.
For small sizes, a conservative treatment approach is acceptable. Special mud, ultraviolet and paraffin applications are used. Well proven electrophoresis. Since the century before last, a variant of pressure on the site has been practiced, followed by pumping out the contents of the formation. At the same time, medicinal formulations are introduced into the cavity. This approach is highly likely to be complicated by relapse in the future. Currently, new methods and methods are being developed to rid patients of the ganglion. Through special installations, a puncture is made in the skin, through which the contents are removed. The duration of the operation is one third of an hour. It takes about two more hours to recover.
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