Signs of uti in newborn
Urinary Tract Infections In Babies
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Long, MD
Does my baby have a UTI? Signs to look for and ways to prevent infection
Childhood urinary tract infections (UTIs) make up approximately 1 million visits to pediatricians each year in the United States. David Chamberlin, MD, MS, FAAP, FACS, chief of pediatric urology at Loma Linda University Children’s Hospital, says kids and babies with UTIs should be treated by a doctor, as they will not get better on their own — and the infection could potentially point to more serious issues.
“We urologists are so concerned about urinary tract infections because every time a child has a fever associated with a UTI, there is potential for scarring of their kidneys,” Chamberlin says. “As urologists, we’re in the business of salvaging and saving kidneys.”
Unlike an adult or older child, younger kids and babies particularly can’t communicate the discomfort that generally accompanies a UTI. “If symptoms are missed for an extended period of time, and the baby has a fever, it’s already fairly late,” Chamberlin says.
“That means the infection has already gone to the kidney.”
Symptoms
Chamberlin says this urgency in identification makes it important for parents to be aware of what symptoms may come with a UTI in your baby.
- Blood in the baby’s diaper
- Foul-smelling or cloudy urine
- Failure to thrive, including the baby not feeding well, not nursing or taking the bottle, not gaining weight, or just generally not seeming to be well
“Moms and dads seem to know when something is a bit off with their baby, whether they’re not eating well or just not acting like themselves,” Chamberlin says. “If parents bring their child to the hospital saying those sorts of things, we will most likely check for a urinary tract infection.”
- Irritability or crying with no clear cause
- Vomiting
- Fever
Prevention
Chamberlin says there are some ways to help prevent UTIs in babies:
- Circumcision for boys
The reason for circumcision should be driven by the parent’s desire, Chamberlin says, but it is helpful in preventing UTIs in baby boys.
“But of course, not every child that uncircumcised going to get a UTI,” he says.
- Good hygiene
Make sure to keep them in a clean diaper as much as possible to avoid diaper rash leading to infection. Additionally, wipe the baby from front to back, to prevent bacteria from spreading to the urethra, Chamberlin says.
- Avoid bathing the baby in bubble baths and strong or heavily-scented soups
- Ensure the baby is hydrated
When to go to the doctor
Chamberlin encourages parents to take their baby to the doctor and test for a UTI if the child has a fever and no other symptoms of illness — for example, a fever without a cough, a runny nose, or other upper respiratory infection symptoms.
Make an appointment with your pediatrician or urologist if your baby is experiencing the symptoms of a UTI listed above. They will collect a urine sample, test for infection, and likely treat the infection with prescribed antibiotics.
Cystitis in children - the first symptoms, causes, methods of prevention
Cystitis is an inflammatory disease of the mucous and submucosal layer of the bladder.
Cystitis occurs in children of any gender and age, but girls of preschool and primary school age suffer from it five to six times more often. The reason for this is the structural features of the urinary system (short urethra), so the infection can more easily enter the bladder. nine0005
Causes
- Escherichia coli that has entered the urinary tract.
- Various types of staphylococci, streptococci, chlamydia.
- Abnormal development of organs - urinary tract, prostate, urethra.
- Worms, pinworms.
Symptoms
- Baby anxiety.
- Pain in the lower abdomen.
- Cloudy urine.
- General malaise, weakness, lethargy of the baby. nine0012
- Cry while urinating.
- Fever, sometimes vomiting, fever.
In children, the infection resolves quickly if treated immediately. Otherwise, serious consequences can occur - a decrease in kidney function and even sepsis.
For the diagnosis of cystitis, analysis and culture of urine is performed. Culture results may be available in 1 to 2 days, but a urologist may prescribe treatment based on a urinalysis and examination. nine0005
Prophylaxis
- Observe the hygiene of the external genitalia.
- Avoid hypothermia.
- Increase immunity, balance the intake of vitamins in the body.
- Seek qualified assistance promptly.
More about pediatric urology at the YugMed clinic
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subject to current legislation. Consent to the processing of personal data is given without a time limit, but can be withdrawn by you (it is enough to inform the Limited Liability Company Scientific and Production Association "Volgograd Center for Disease Prevention" YugMed "). By sending your personal data to the Limited Liability Company Research and Production Association "Volgograd Center for Disease Prevention" YugMed ", you confirm that you are familiar with the rights and obligations in accordance with the Federal Law "On Personal Data". nine0089 In children, symptoms of cystitis also appear quite often. Although inflammation of the bladder mucosa affects not only the female sex, but is predominantly found in women and girls. However, in young children (up to three years of age), the number of cases of the disease is approximately the same regardless of gender.
According to statistics, girls develop cystitis 3-5 times more often than boys. There is an explanation for this: the structure of the genitourinary system in girls allows the infection to enter the bladder much easier and faster than in boys or men.
nine0005
The female urethra is wide and short and germs can move freely through it. The proximity of the anus and vagina to the urethral opening also plays against girls. If we add here the frequent infection of the external genital organs, the picture will be complete.
Therefore, it is important for girls, and later for women, to carry out hygienic procedures in a timely manner and to do this taking into account physiology. By teaching her daughter how to wash properly, mom will save her from many problems in the future.
At its core, cystitis is an inflammation of the lining of the bladder, leading to malfunction of the latter. Symptoms are almost the same in male and female children. These are frequent urges to the toilet and urination with pain or cutting in the lower abdomen, and blood is also found in the urine.
Frequent urge to urinate, as a rule, does not lead to relief. Moreover, there is a feeling of strong fullness of the bladder. Children often have urinary incontinence.
Parents should be aware of this manifestation of the disease and not shame, much less punish the child. This is a symptom of the disease, not a childish whim. nine0005
In very young children, cystitis can be suspected if the child becomes restless and begins to cry and scream when urinating.
The temperature in cystitis, as a rule, does not rise or rises slightly - up to 37 ° C. An exception occurs if inflammation of the kidneys joins: then the temperature reaches 38 ° C or more. This is a reason to immediately consult a doctor! In general, with cystitis, the general condition remains normal.
Cystitis is divided into primary and secondary. Primary appear without burdening other diseases, secondary - against the background of other infections or disease states, as well as against the background of the pathology of the development of organs. Usually in young children acute cystitis occurs as a secondary disease.
According to the nature of the course, one can distinguish between acute cystitis, which arose for the first time, and chronic, which manifests itself in a child not for the first time.
Chronic cystitis can make itself felt several times a year.
According to the nature of the disease, several types are distinguished:
According to the degree of distribution, cystitis can be diffuse and focal.
The following types of cystitis are distinguished by morphology:
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catarrhal;
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purulent;
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hemorrhagic;
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ulcerative;
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gangrenous etc.
Cystitis may be uncomplicated or accompanied by other infections.
There are several main causes that can lead to cystitis:
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Lack or excess of hygiene. Both are bad: with insufficient hygiene, pathogenic bacteria from the intestines and vagina can massively enter the urethra and provoke inflammation. With excessive hygiene, all the beneficial microflora is washed out, the mucous membranes of the child become defenseless even against single bacteria that enter the genitourinary tract.
nine0005 -
Hypothermia of a child and decreased immunity due to colds.
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Anomalies in the development of the urinary system and concomitant diseases: adhesions of the urethra, synechia, diabetes mellitus and other endocrine diseases, pathology of the development of the kidneys, etc.
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Cystitis in children sometimes occurs as a side effect of certain medications.
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Influence of external factors such as radiation, chemical poisoning and others. nine0005
In addition, cystitis can be observed in the presence of neoplasms, as well as disorders of the central nervous system.
There are several ways of spreading the infection:
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Ascending infection, when pathogenic bacteria move up through the organs of the genitourinary system. The urethra acts as a conductor for infection, into which bacteria enter from the anus and vagina. This is the most common route for the disease to enter the bladder.
nine0005 -
Downward infection occurs, for example, when pathogenic microbes descend from the renal pelvis into the bladder.
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Penetration from other pelvic organs or from distant foci of infection. This path of occurrence of cystitis is much less common and is characteristic of diseases already present in the child's body. For example, the disease develops as a complication after an infection.
As a rule, the symptoms of cystitis are very characteristic, complaints alone can be suspected of this disease. However, in some cases additional diagnostic methods are required .
First of all, a urine test is prescribed to determine cystitis. Signs of cystitis in a child are an increased level of leukocytes, an excess of squamous epithelium and the presence of bacteria. If blood is released into the bladder cavity, it may also be present in the analysis. The urine itself changes color to dark, becomes cloudy, sometimes with the addition of protein flakes.
nine0005
In addition to a general urinalysis, a flora culture is also prescribed to determine which microorganisms caused the disease.
It is very important in the diagnosis to distinguish cystitis from other similar diseases. In particular, from vulvitis and vulvovaginitis in girls and phimosis and balanitis in boys. A detailed examination of the external genital organs will help in this. An alternative option is to take a urine sample using a catheter to exclude white blood cells from the genitals. nine0005
The symptoms of cystitis are similar to those of pyelonephritis and it can be very difficult to tell the difference. The only way is to observe the patient in dynamics, because as pyelonephritis develops, the clinical picture changes.
The main goal of treatment of childhood cystitis is to eliminate the inflammatory process in the bladder as early as possible, as well as to suppress the reproduction of pathogenic microbes and prevent them from going further.
It is also important to restore the normal function of the bladder and relieve pain. nine0005
As already mentioned, the general condition of children with this disease remains satisfactory, however, in order to avoid unnecessary stress and deterioration of well-being, it is better to observe bed rest, especially in the active stage of the disease. As the symptoms ease, the regimen can be relaxed, the child can be transferred to half-bed, and then home.
Important! Drinking plenty of fluids, maintaining a horizontal position of the body and limiting physical activity greatly facilitates the healing process. nine0220
Nutrition is very important for cystitis . For the speedy release from unpleasant sensations, preference should be given to a dairy-vegetarian diet, excluding meat for a while. Spicy and spicy foods, as well as fruits and vegetables with a high acid content, are also removed from the child's diet.
Do not forget about the drinking regimen.
Plentiful warm drink helps to flush the kidneys and bladder and normalize their work. In the active phase of the disease, you need to drink as much as possible. nine0005
Regarding drug therapy for cystitis for children , the doctor will most likely prescribe a course of antibiotics in the form of a suspension. There is no need to worry: doctors have a good selection of the latest generation of antibacterial agents at their service. The course of use of such drugs for cystitis is usually short - 5-7 days.
The choice of Pain Relief and Cystitis Treatments must be chosen with great care as many of them are not suitable for children. It is important to follow the principle of "do no harm". It is also very important to prevent the recurrence of this extremely unpleasant disease. nine0005
Therefore, it is better to give preference to the well-known and positively proven herbal drug Canephron® N. The medicine is available in two forms: drops for oral administration (allowed for children from 1 year old) and tablets (for children from 6 years old).
For treatment, the drug is recommended to be used as part of complex therapy, since it enhances the effect of antibiotics, and also has a pronounced antispasmodic effect and relieves inflammation. After weakening the severity of the disease, therapy should be continued for 2-4 weeks. nine0005
Treatment prognosis is favorable. If parents consult a doctor in a timely manner and treatment is started immediately, and the doctor's recommendations are strictly observed, symptoms of cystitis in children disappear within one to two weeks.
The likelihood of recurrence remains high, especially in untreated cystitis. The risk also increases if the underlying cause of the disease is not identified or incorrectly identified.
Cystitis can become the only unpleasant memory if you follow certain rules and take a number of measures aimed at protecting the body from this scourge. nine0005
The diet should be designed in such a way that it is balanced, contains all the necessary vitamins and minerals, and also includes a minimum of unhealthy products.
The drinking regime is not as strict as in the active phase of the disease, but you need to drink enough. The volume of liquid received includes soups and liquid dishes. If the child drinks less than one liter per day, the risk of exacerbation of cystitis and other urological problems increases.
Dress appropriately for the weather: don't get too cold, but don't wrap yourself up either. By gradually accustoming the child to hardening, parents will help strengthen children's immunity. Equally important is physical activity. Long walks in the air, physical activity help circulation and renewal of blood and other fluids in the body. nine0005
It is necessary to empty the bladder in a timely manner. It is better to visit the toilet once again, even if there is no urge. This is much more useful than enduring, suddenly feeling the need to relieve yourself in the absence of a toilet.
Infections that occur in the body must always be treated. An untreated infection can become an entrance gate for cystitis, which, having turned into a chronic form, will annoy for many more years.
If the disease has become chronic or the child has concomitant urinary tract pathology, care should be taken to relapse prevention . There are many medicines that strengthen the immune system and eliminate pathogenic bacteria that have entered the child's urinary tract.
Among these, herbal products play an important role, as they have a small number of side effects, are well tolerated and can be prescribed for long-term use. These are various preparations of cranberries, herbal teas and kidney fees. When choosing a phytopreparation for prevention, it is best to give preference to proven and officially registered medicines. nine0005
The herbal medicine Canephron® N works well as a prophylactic against relapses of cystitis in children . It promotes the washing out of pathogenic bacteria, does not accumulate in the body and can be used in courses several times a year, including in young children and pregnant women. The drug is perfectly combined with other types of therapy and even enhances the effect of uroseptics.
