Newborn baby projectile vomiting

Vomiting in babies | Pregnancy Birth and Baby

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From birth to 12 months, babies are known to vomit — it’s just one of their design features. However, as normal as vomiting is, it can also be worrying for parents. Occasionally, vomiting can be a sign of illness or complications, but for most babies, vomiting and reflux occurs simply because their guts are still developing.

What are the different types of vomiting

There are a few different types of vomiting and although the result is the same, the reasons are different:

Possetting is the name for small amounts of milk brought up after a feed.
Reflux happens when the valve at the top of a baby’s stomach is not tight enough to keep milk in there. A baby’s oesophagus (food pipe) is short, so when the valve opens and there’s only a short distance between it and their mouth, vomiting can occur.
Projectile vomiting is vomiting with force. Projectile vomiting can be a symptom of a blockage at the outlet of a baby's stomach. If it's happening after most or all feeds, take your baby to a doctor.

What causes babies to vomit?

Generally, mild vomiting occurs because a young baby is still getting used to feeding on, digesting and eliminating milk. On average, a newborn baby’s stomach can hold around 20 millilitres, so it doesn’t take much milk for them to fill up and vomit the excess.

How can I tell if my baby is sick?

Vomiting by itself can be reassuring. However, if your baby has a temperature, is not feeding well, has diarrhoea or a rash, or experiences any other symptoms, your baby needs to see a doctor. If your baby seems healthy and well and is bright and alert, you may just want to monitor their vomiting to see when and how often it happens — but note that the amount that a baby vomits can be hard to work out and may seem larger than it really is.

What’s the difference between vomiting and reflux?

Vomiting caused by reflux generally occurs after feeding. It can seem effortless or cause pain. Some babies with reflux constantly 'spill' after and in-between their feeds. It’s important to think about how your baby’s vomiting affects them. If your baby seems happy, is thriving and gaining weight, you could simply try changing the frequency and amount of feeds you give them. If your baby seems to be in pain and/or not thriving, take them to a doctor. Sometimes medication is necessary for reflux.

Does breast or formula feeding cause more vomiting?

Breastfed babies can vomit as much as babies who are formula fed. There's no real difference between the two. Generally, the only difference is that feeding on formula makes a baby’s vomit smell and look different to that after feeding on breastmilk.

Can solids cause vomiting?

Some babies take time to adjust to digesting solid foods. They can vomit more when solids are introduced. This can occur because of overfeeding. Their stomachs are simply too small to accommodate extra volume. Start small when introducing solids — around 1-2 teaspoons of solids are ideal.

Is vomiting a sign of allergies?

Some allergies can cause vomiting, especially allergies to cow's milk. Your baby can react to particular foods or ingredients if they’re sensitive to them. Your doctor can help guide you to decide which foods are best for your baby.

How can I treat my vomiting baby?

Most babies recover quickly after vomiting and don't need any specialised care. They can seem hungry again straight away or take a while to want to feed again. However, if they vomit a lot and have other symptoms, a doctor needs to assess them.

Generally, babies are not given medication for vomiting unless they can’t keep any milk or fluids down. Dehydration is generally managed by giving intravenous fluids.

Sometimes changing feeding positions and frequency can reduce the likelihood of vomiting. It's still important to always follow the safe sleeping guidelines when settling your baby, even if they vomit. Back sleeping is protective against choking.

When should you see a doctor?

You should take your baby to see your doctor if:

you are concerned about your baby's vomiting
your baby is showing other signs of illness
your baby seems lethargic, sleepy and not interested in feeding
your baby is losing weight and not thriving
there is blood or bile in their vomit
their vomiting isn’t stopping or getting worse

Sources:

Raising Children (Vomiting), Red Nose Australia (Will baby choke if he/she vomits while sleeping on the back?), Safer Care Victoria (Vomiting in neonates), The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (The vomiting child)

Learn more here about the development and quality assurance of healthdirect content.

Last reviewed: September 2022

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The information is not a substitute for independent professional advice and should not be used as an alternative to professional health care. If you have a particular medical problem, please consult a healthcare professional.

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Pyloric Stenosis (for Parents) - Nemours KidsHealth

What Is Pyloric Stenosis?

Pyloric stenosis is a condition that can affect the gastrointestinal tract in babies. It can make a baby vomit forcefully and often, and can lead to other problems, such as dehydration. Pyloric stenosis needs medical care right away.

What Happens in Pyloric Stenosis?

Food and other stomach contents pass through the pylorus, the lower part of the stomach, to enter the small intestine. Pyloric stenosis (pie-LOR-ik stih-NOE-sis) is a narrowing of the pylorus. When a baby has pyloric stenosis, this narrowing of the pyloric channel prevents food from emptying out of the stomach.

Pyloric stenosis (also called infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis) is a type of gastric outlet obstruction, which means a blockage from the stomach to the intestines.

Pyloric stenosis affects about 3 out of 1,000 babies in the United States. It's more likely to affect firstborn male infants and also runs in families — if a parent had pyloric stenosis, then a baby has up to a 20% risk of developing it. Most infants who have it develop symptoms 3 to 5 weeks after birth.

What Causes Pyloric Stenosis?

It's thought that babies who develop pyloric stenosis are not born with it, but have progressive thickening of the pylorus after birth. A baby will start to show symptoms when the pylorus is so thick that the stomach can't empty properly.

The cause of this thickening isn't clear. It might be a combination of several things. For example, use of erythromycin (an antibiotic) in babies in the first 2 weeks of life or antibiotics given to moms at the end of pregnancy or during breastfeeding can be associated with pyloric stenosis.

What Are the Signs & Symptoms of Pyloric Stenosis?

Symptoms of pyloric stenosis typically begin when a baby is around 3 weeks old. They include:

Vomiting. The first symptom is usually vomiting. At first it may seem that the baby is just spitting up often, but then it tends to become projectile vomiting, in which the breast milk or formula is ejected forcefully from the mouth, in an arc, sometimes over a distance of several feet. Projectile vomiting usually takes place soon after the end of a feeding, although in some cases it can happen hours later.
The vomited milk might smell curdled because it has mixed with stomach acid. The vomit will not contain bile, a greenish fluid from the liver that mixes with digested food after it leaves the stomach.
Despite vomiting, a baby with pyloric stenosis is usually hungry again soon after vomiting and will want to eat. It's important to know that even with the vomiting, the baby might not seem to be in great pain or at first look very ill.
Changes in stools. Babies with pyloric stenosis usually have fewer, smaller stools (poops) because little or no food is reaching the intestines. Constipation or poop with mucus also can happen.
Failure to gain weight or weight loss. Most babies with pyloric stenosis will fail to gain weight or will lose weight. As the condition gets worse, they might become dehydrated.
Dehydrated infants are less active than usual, and they may develop a sunken "soft spot" on their heads and sunken eyes, and their skin may look wrinkled. Because less pee is made, they can go more than 4 to 6 hours between wet diapers.
Waves of peristalsis. After feeds, increased stomach contractions may make noticeable ripples, which move from left to right over the baby's belly as the stomach tries to empty itself against the thickened pylorus.

It's important to call your doctor if your baby has any of these symptoms.

Other conditions can cause similar problems. For instance:

gastroesophageal reflux (GER) usually begins before 8 weeks of age. GER involves lots of spitting up (reflux) after feedings, which can look like vomiting. But most babies with GER don't have projectile vomiting, and while they might have trouble gaining weight, they usually have normal poops.
a milk protein allergy also can make a baby spit up or vomit, and have diarrhea. But these babies don't have projectile vomiting.
gastroenteritis (inflammation in the digestive tract that can be caused by viral or bacterial infection) also can cause vomiting and dehydration. But babies with gastroenteritis usually also have diarrhea with loose, watery, or sometimes bloody stools. Diarrhea usually isn't seen with pyloric stenosis.

How Is Pyloric Stenosis Diagnosed?

The doctor will ask detailed questions about the baby's feeding and vomiting patterns, including what the vomit looks like. The doctor will do an exam, and note any weight loss or failure to maintain growth since birth.

The doctor will check for a lump in the abdomen. If the doctor feels this lump, which usually is firm and movable and feels like an olive, it's a strong indication that a baby has pyloric stenosis.

If pyloric stenosis seems likely, the doctor probably will order an abdominal ultrasound. The enlarged, thickened pylorus will show on ultrasound images. The doctor may ask that the baby not be fed for several hours before an ultrasound.

Sometimes doctors order a barium swallow instead of an ultrasound. Babies swallow a small amount of a chalky liquid (barium). Then, special X-rays are done that let the doctor check the pyloric area for any narrowing or blockage.

The doctor also might order blood tests to check levels of electrolytes (minerals that help keep fluids balanced and vital organs working properly). An electrolyte imbalance often happens due to the ongoing vomiting of stomach acid and dehydration, and needs to be corrected.

How Is Pyloric Stenosis Treated?

When an infant is diagnosed with pyloric stenosis, either by ultrasound or barium swallow, the baby will be admitted to the hospital and prepared for surgery. Any dehydration or electrolyte problems in the blood will be corrected with intravenous (IV) fluids, usually within 24 hours.

Doctors do a surgery called pyloromyotomy (pie-lor-oh-my-OT-uh-me) to relieve the blockage. Using a small incision (cut), the surgeon examines the pylorus and separates and spreads the thick, tight muscles. This relaxes and opens those muscles.

The surgery can also be done through laparoscopy. This technique uses a tiny scope placed through a small cut in the belly button, letting the doctor see the area of the pylorus. Using other small instruments placed in nearby incisions, the doctor can complete the surgery.

Most babies return to normal feedings fairly quickly, usually 3 to 4 hours after the surgery. Because of swelling at the surgery site, a baby may still vomit small amounts for a day or so. If there are no complications, most babies who have had pyloromyotomy can return to a normal feeding schedule and go home within 24 to 48 hours of the surgery.

If you're breastfeeding, you might worry about continuing while your baby is hospitalized. The hospital staff should be able to provide a breast pump and help you use it so that you can continue to express milk until your baby can feed regularly.

After a successful pyloromyotomy, your baby won't need to follow any special feeding schedules. Your doctor will probably want to examine your child at a follow-up appointment to make sure the surgical site is healing properly and that your baby is feeding well and maintaining or gaining weight.

Pyloric stenosis should not happen again after a pyloromyotomy. If your baby still has symptoms weeks after the surgery, there might be another medical problem, such as gastritis or GER, so let your doctor know right away.

When Should I Call the Doctor?

Pyloric stenosis is an urgent condition that needs immediate treatment. Call your doctor if your baby:

has lasting or projectile vomiting after feeding
is losing weight or not gaining weight as expected
is less active than usual or is very sleepy
has few or no stools (poops) over a period of 1 or 2 days
show signs of dehydration, such as more than 4 to 6 hours between wet diapers, a sunken "soft spot" on the head, or sunken eyes

Vomiting in children - types, causes and treatment

Your child wakes up in the morning and refuses to touch breakfast. This is characteristic of a child who is generally happy and likes to have fun, he seems capricious. Then he suddenly turns blue and puts back everything he ate in the morning. While vomiting helps get rid of undigested food, you should be concerned when you notice your child is vomiting frequently. Be sure to cleanse your stomach naturally, but frequent bouts of vomiting should worry you. nine0003

during a seizure Vomiting Your child pushes the contents of his stomach through his mouth. There can be many reasons for vomiting, such as: Gastritis Food poisoning, overeating and head trauma. Some forms of cancer also cause vomiting, so it's important to find out the possible cause quickly.

Types of vomiting your baby may experience

Your baby may experience the following types of vomiting:

1. Possession

If you are breastfeeding, your baby will usually vomit a small amount of milk immediately after each feed. nine0003

2. Vomiting.

When your child pushes out the contents of his stomach with force, this is called projectile vomiting. Although the volume may seem quite large, in general, vomiting consists of only the last feeding of the baby. This type of vomiting can occur intermittently, but can be worrisome if it occurs after each feed.

3. Carrot.

Young children usually experience this type of vomiting. It happens when a valve in the baby's upper abdomen accidentally opens. This causes the contents of the stomach to move backwards up the esophagus/food tube. Rebound in children is usually harmless and stops when they start to sit up straight or walk. nine0003

Causes of vomiting in children

Here are some common causes of vomiting in children:

1. Allergy to certain foods.

Your child may be allergic to foods such as milk Wheat, eggs, fish, and peanuts may cause a reaction if eaten. may suffer from severe abdominal pain. It can be monitored for nausea and vomiting.

2. Gastroenteritis.

Children often vomit when they have this infection. Bacteria, viruses and parasites are among the main causes of gastroenteritis in children and lead to infection. with diarrhea. nine0003

3. Problems with digestion.

If your child has appendicitis or a digestive blockage He may be vomiting. Acid reflux of the stomach is also one of the causes of vomiting in children.

4. Food poisoning.

This may cause severe nausea and vomiting resulting in dryness. Food poisoning is often caused by harmful bacteria found in meat, poultry, or poultry. Pisces is pointless. If food poisoning is suspected, look out for general signs such as nausea, stomach pain, etc. If you have diarrhea, have your baby. nine0003

5. Stress and emotional disorders.

If you have I recently moved to a new city Or if your child is now going to مدرسة different, these changes may cause unnecessary stress. Your child will also be nervous before or during an exam, participate in discussions/quizzes or interact with new people. This situation is often the cause of nausea and vomiting in children.

6. Influenza and other diseases

seasonal allergies, stomach acid reflux, swine flu, ear infections There are some diseases that can cause vomiting in young children. Appendicitis causes severe abdominal pain, which can lead to vomiting in young children. In such cases, the appendix may need to be removed and the vomiting may stop. Labyrinthitis (an ear infection) causes severe dizziness, and this spinning sensation is a common cause of vomiting in children. nine0003

7. Brain tumors.

It often happens that the emotional trauma of a child (death in the family, divorce or separation of parents) leads to severe vomiting. Brain tumors cause brain swelling and this pressure is what causes children to vomit.

Symptoms of vomiting in children

Parents should watch for the following signs and symptoms in children and vomiting can be treated accordingly. They are:

Severe headache
nausea
Increased heart rate
pale skin color
Fatigue and neglect
low appetite
drought
Drooling or spitting
irritability
Diarrhea
Low heat
Dizziness
malaise and drowsiness
Abdominal pain or swelling
intermittent lacrimation (attempted severe vomiting)

Dehydration is a noticeable and immediate side effect of vomiting in children, and the most common symptoms of dehydration are:

fully sleeper
skinny eyes
لا tears
fatigue
dry mouth
rapid deep breath
decreased frequency of urination

Diagnosis

The doctor will conduct a detailed examination of the child's condition when visiting his clinic. He will need answers about the onset of vomiting, the number of times the child vomits, and the food before vomiting. This will help him diagnose your child's condition correctly, so be sure to provide the necessary answers. nine0003

In addition to the external examination done by the doctor, he will also suggest the medical tests listed below to complete his diagnosis. These tests include:

Abdominal x-ray: These x-rays are useful in identifying any blockages that may be in your child's digestive system. This proves to be a valuable guide for the physician in establishing the cause of the vomiting.
Computed tomography of the abdomen : This test is done to check for a tumor or appendicitis. Clear pictures of the baby's abdomen are taken using a computer and an x-ray machine.
Blood tests: This is the first test done to check for infections. Blood tests are also recommended to check for any defects in organs such as the stomach, liver, or brain.
Ultrasound of the abdomen or pelvis: This test uses sound waves to show what the internal organs look like from the inside. If your child has problems with the stomach, digestive system, or appendix, an ultrasound may be able to detect them. nine0064

treatment

Worried parents usually want to know how to stop their children from vomiting because vomiting leads to fluid loss. As a result, your child will become dehydrated, so prompt treatment is very important. Otherwise, the condition may worsen and hospitalization may be required.

Here are some things to do if your child is vomiting:

ORS Oral Rehydration Solution: Severe dehydration can be quickly prevented by prescribing an oral rehydration solution known as ORS. This mixture of salt, sugar and water is helpful in replenishing fluid loss due to excessive vomiting. It should be given at regular intervals until the child feels better.
Medicines for nausea: It is very important to calm your child's stomach and reduce the feeling of vomiting. Anti-nausea medicines do exactly the same thing and help manage your child's vomiting episodes. nine0064
Antibiotics Doctors will definitely prescribe a dose of antibiotics so that your child can prevent flu or bacterial attacks. However, you will need to make sure that your child completes the full course recommended by the doctor. Failure to do so may not produce the expected results.
intravenous fluids: This step may be necessary if the child refuses to take fluids by mouth. The necessary fluids are then given intravenously to avoid dehydration. nine0064

Tips to help your child overcome vomiting

Most parents don't know what to do and wonder what to do if their child vomits. The following tips will prove how to beat vomiting:

Focus on your child's diet Lots of fluids should be an important and essential element of your child's system during this period. ORS or oral rehydration solutions should be taken regularly. Water and diluted fruit juices are other options for rehydrating the body. Avoid soft drinks and fruit juices such as apple, pear or cherry juice because they are high in sugar. Your child's diet should include fruits, vegetables, yogurt, rice, and potatoes. Oily and oily, hard to digest foods should be completely avoided. If your child is breastfeeding, do not stop breastfeeding until your doctor tells you to. Breast milk for infants is easy to digest, so ORS is not recommended for infants. nine0064
Oral Rehydration Therapy: Although this remedy does not help vomiting on its own, it is a powerful remedy for dehydration. ORS mixtures are available from local pharmacies, in most cases without a doctor's prescription. Use a spoon, cup, or feeding bottle to feed your baby oral rehydration solution if dehydration or diarrhea is mild. Use ORS if your child refuses to eat or stick to his usual diet. Read the recommended dose on the package and feed your baby regularly. Once the ORS solution is taken correctly, your child will be able to follow a regular diet. nine0064
Reducing triggers for vomiting: External factors such as smoke, heat, strong odors, humidity, laxative lotions and perfumes can cause vomiting. Avoid them if possible. Choose a cool, ventilated room for your child. It is recommended to install a humidifier to control indoor humidity. Sudden movements can cause vomiting and nausea, so keep your baby in bed as long as possible. Perfumes, deodorants, and air fresheners can make your baby uncomfortable, so don't spray them until your baby is fully recovered. During this time, keep away from foods that exude strong odors. nine0064

Natural remedies for vomiting in children

If your child vomits frequently, try the home remedies below. These simple, easy-to-use remedies provide natural relief:

Mix Salt and Sugar: This ancient remedy works quickly and can be made with everyday ingredients. Constant vomiting can worsen the condition of the gastric mucosa, lead to severe dehydration and the removal of essential nutrients from the child's body. This simple blend can replenish fluids and hydrate the body. nine0064
Papaya This commonly available fruit is rich in antibacterial compounds that aid digestion and reduce body acidity. Includes Papaya It contains all the necessary natural enzymes that contribute to the smooth and rapid digestion of food. Papaya It is also helpful in removing harmful microbes that cause indigestion.
Onion Juice: Mix teaspoon of onion juice with an equal amount of ginger juice and feed it to your baby. The home remedy is very useful for stopping vomiting and nausea because it has natural antibiotic properties. if it is not ginger Easily available, take one and a half glasses of onion juice and add two tablespoons of natural honey to it. Feed your baby half a teaspoon at a time until the vomiting stops. nine0064
Cumin Cumin seeds are known to be one of the best home remedies for vomiting, which increase the secretion of pancreatic enzymes. It settles in the stomach, and digestion improves significantly, as well as the feeling of discomfort decreases. Boil a cup of water and add freshly ground cumin seeds to it. nutmeg This combination may increase its effectiveness in treating vomiting in children. Another combination you can try is one teaspoon of cumin and cardamom powder with one teaspoon of honey. Make sure your child consumes this mixture slowly to avoid vomiting. nine0064
apple cider vinegar : Take a tablespoon Honey و apple cider vinegar Then mix them in a glass of water. Give this mixture to your baby at regular intervals. Vinegar has antimicrobial properties that help treat food poisoning. Mix vinegar with water and ask your child to rinse their mouth with it. This will eliminate the sour smell of the vomit and reduce the resulting sensation of vomiting. Vinegar is also a great way to flush out toxins from the body.
mint If you want to quickly get rid of vomiting and nausea, peppermint is an excellent antidote that works wonders. To prepare this remedy, boil water and add 10 tablespoons of dried (organic) mint leaves. Soak the mint leaves in water for XNUMX minutes and then strain. Give this solution three times a day to get rid of vomiting. Chewing fresh mint leaves is also a proven way to reduce nausea. A mixture of lemon juice, mint juice, and honey (1 teaspoon each) can be equally effective for vomiting. nine0064
ginger : Ginger has been proven to stop vomiting in children because of its natural antiemetic properties. Effectively soothes the digestive system for your child. Squeeze XNUMX teaspoon fresh ginger juice into a bowl and add XNUMX teaspoon Lemonade Approx. Mix well and feed your baby every two hours. This will help him overcome the bout of vomiting and nausea. Kids love fresh ginger tea with honey, so you might as well give it a try. nine0064
Rice water: This rice water is the basis of white rice starch. When gastritis is the cause of vomiting, rice water can be very effective. Make sure you are using white rice and not brown because starch is easily obtained from white rice. digestion For young children. To prepare it, take XNUMX glass of white rice, add XNUMX glass of water to it and boil it. Strain this mixture and separate the rice water in a cup. Feed this rice water to your sick child and watch the vomiting decrease and then gradually disappear. nine0064

When should you call your doctor?

It is important to seek immediate medical attention by calling the doctor if you notice any of the following symptoms in your child:

yellowing or blood in the vomit
abdominal pain
continuous vomiting
Body temperature above 38 ° C
blood in stool
vomiting
Sluggishness and heaviness in response

Warning

Failure to follow certain precautions for vomiting can have serious consequences:

Make sure your child is sitting or standing while vomiting. If it is in a horizontal position, it can lead to suffocation.
Tell the child to keep his mouth open and not control the vomiting in any way. If the child tries to stop vomiting, he may choke on his own vomit.
Watch for irregular or labored breathing, especially in infants.
Vomiting can lead to dehydration very quickly, which can become a critical situation in no time. nine0064
Watch out for irregular or rapid heartbeat. Any such condition should be treated immediately at the local medical facility.
A child's stool is a good indicator of his health.

Spitting up and vomiting in infants

Spitting up and vomiting in babies is a common reason to see a doctor.

Regurgitation and vomiting is a reflex action that occurs when receptors located in various anatomical zones are irritated, incl. in the stomach, esophagus, pharynx, oral cavity. The signal is transmitted to the vomiting center, which is located in the medulla oblongata and a gag reflex occurs. nine0003

What is the difference between regurgitation and vomiting?

The difference lies in the volume and kinetics (movement) of the gastric contents expelled to the outside. When regurgitation occurs, leakage occurs without the fate of the diaphragm and abdominal muscles, i.e. passively. There is little content, up to about 10-15 ml. If the child does not swallow it, it quietly expires from the oral cavity. When vomiting occurs, a wave-like bending of the upper half of the body occurs as a result of contraction of the muscles of the diaphragm and the anterior wall of the abdomen, the volume of vomit is greater, and they are erupted with pressure from the oral cavity with an ejection trajectory of up to 50 cm. In children of the first year of life, this is defined by the term "fountain vomiting" . nine0003

Regurgitation is observed only in children of the first year of life and, mainly, up to 6 months. Contribute to this anatomical and physiological features of the esophagus and stomach of the baby. Their esophagus is short and wide, the angle of connection of the esophagus with the stomach is less pronounced, and its obturator function is weak. These regurgitations are physiological. They can be after each feeding, up to 15 ml, do not affect the well-being and weight gain of the baby. They can also be caused by excessive feeding, aerophagy (swallowing air while sucking), straining during intestinal colic. The frequency and volume of such regurgitation decreases with the growth of the child. With the introduction of complementary foods, and this is a thicker food, regurgitation stops or becomes much less frequent. nine0003

If regurgitation persists in a child older than 1 year, then this is a sign of a pathological process.

Vomiting, unlike regurgitation, is accompanied by vegetative symptoms - increased salivation, pallor of the skin, palpitations. This is due to the fact that next to the vomiting center there are additional centers of autonomic regulation, which are reflexively excited, and active biological substances such as serotonin, dopamine, histamine and others are released into the blood. nine0003

Regurgitation and vomiting, from the moment of eating, may occur during feeding, after feeding for the first 20-30 minutes or delayed, sometimes after several hours.

Regurgitation and vomiting that occurs immediately after feeding unchanged breast milk or formula may be due to narrowing of the esophagus. If they persist until the next feeding, and the milk / mixture is curdled, has a sour or musty smell, then this is the result of a long standing food in the stomach. The reason for this may be the low tone of the muscle layer of the stomach and, as a result, its peristalsis or narrowing of the output section due to an anomaly in the development or high tone of the sphincter of the lower stomach. With narrowing of the duodenum, bile is present in the regurgitated masses. nine0003

Gastroesophageal reflux is a common cause of regurgitation in infants. It is likely that there is a complex problem here, starting with the immaturity of the gastrointestinal tract and disorders of the central nervous system. Perinatal injuries of the central nervous system accompany every second child. Their manifestations are varied. Regurgitation and vomiting can be facilitated by an increase in intracranial pressure, disorders in the segment of the cervical spine, and so on. Therefore, quite often, when carrying out rehabilitation measures for neurological dysfunctions, a positive effect is manifested in the form of a decrease or cessation of regurgitation. A hernia of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm will also manifest itself in a similar way. nine0003

We should not forget about allergic gastrointestinal reactions in the form of regurgitation and vomiting. The most common cause of this is cow's milk protein. With intolerance to cow's milk protein, inflammation of the mucous membrane of the esophagus, stomach and intestines occurs. And, as a result of this, regurgitation and vomiting, pain and increased gas formation, diarrhea or constipation.

Rare endocrine disorders (adrenogenital syndrome) are manifested by vomiting in children from the first weeks of life. In such cases, vomiting is frequent, there may be an admixture of bile, the child loses weight due to loss of fluid and nutrients, and severe metabolic disorders develop. nine0003

Vomiting can also be caused by an intestinal infection. Viral gastroenteritis is now common. It must be remembered that the younger the child, the more severe the disease. Within a few hours, the child's condition can go from satisfactory to extremely serious.

As you can see, the causes of regurgitation and vomiting in children of the first year of life are quite diverse, but most often these are transient conditions that disappear with the growth of the child.

Prevention of regurgitation in children of the first months of life is quite simple. Don't overfeed your baby. If he cries, it does not always mean that he is hungry. Excess feeding leads to increased gas formation and colic, during which the child is worried, straining, thereby increasing the likelihood of spitting up. After feeding, hold the baby more upright so that he can burp the swallowed air.

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