How to know when your baby is coming
8 Signs That Labor Is 24 to 48 Hours Away – Cleveland Clinic
When you’re close to your baby’s due date, each day that passes can feel like 100. Time becomes relentless — just like calls from well-meaning loved ones asking if you’re still pregnant. You need a sign (anything!) to signal that labor is near. But do signs that labor is 24 to 48 hours away exist?
“There are no real rules with labor. It is completely variable. If you take 10 women, you’re going to get 10 different stories about what it was like for them before they went into labor — even between pregnancies,” says Ob/Gyn Jonathan Emery, MD.
But take heart! Dr. Emery says there are four early signs of labor that may just happen to you.
Four early signs of labor
Signs that labor is imminent are a bit of a moving target. There’s no step-by-step list of how it all goes down, and the only thing you can count on is that your experience will be unique to you.
“The frequency and intensity of contractions determines labor,” says Dr. Emery. “But there are some physical symptoms that happen during that time.”
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1. Cramps
Some women feel the type of cramps that usually happen with menstruation. “These cramps are different than Braxton Hicks, which are usually painless false contractions that happen when the uterus tightens,” explains Dr. Emery. “These period-like cramps may be the beginning of mild contractions. They’re not too painful, but they’re noticeable. They may come and go over hours or even a couple of days.”
2. Pelvic pressure
You may start to feel pressure in your vagina or pelvis. “This may be due to ‘lightening,’ which is when the baby drops down from the abdomen. Some women feel lightening as pelvic pressure or even low back pain,” says Dr. Emery. “But keep in mind that some women don’t experience this drop until they’re in actual labor.”
3. Loss of the mucus plug
Some women notice a change in their vaginal discharge, which may signal the passing of their mucus plug. The mucus plug is an accumulation of mucus that forms a seal over the cervix’s opening. It helps protect the baby from unhealthy bacteria outside of the uterus. As the cervix starts opening in preparation for labor, you may lose the mucus plug (also called bloody show) in one blob or gradually.
“Decades ago, people used to think that if a woman passed her mucus plug, it meant that she would be in labor in a certain number of days. But now we know that it can be nonspecific. You can lose the mucus plug, not go into labor, and the mucus can even re-accumulate in the cervix.”
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4. Changes in your vaginal discharge
Even if the mucus plug stays intact, you may notice other changes to your vaginal discharge. “It can become more watery, stickier and thicker, or maybe a little pink before labor begins or at the early stages of labor,” says Dr. Emery.
Other signs labor could be near
Dr. Emery says that while there are other potential signs of labor, they have less real science to back them up. These signs of labor include:
- Fatigue.
- Lightning crotch pain (sharp, burning or shooting nerve pain in your pelvis caused by your baby’s position).
- Loose stools or diarrhea.
- Sudden burst of energy (which Dr. Emery says is often associated with nesting, or the strong desire to get your home ready for baby).
“One or more of these labor signs might happen for some women, but there’s no clear evidence that they’re related to pre-labor or early labor.”
What to do if you think you’re in labor
If you think labor has started, Dr. Emery says you should time your contractions. When they are happening every five minutes and are so strong that you can’t walk or talk, call your prenatal provider. The waiting game is finally over!
Early signs & symptoms of labor: What to watch for
As you approach the end of your pregnancy, your excitement is probably reaching its peak. And it’s easy to wonder if every unusual sensation in your body is a sign that the big day is right around the corner.
The signs and symptoms of labor are unique for just about every mom-to-be. But as you get closer to welcoming your little one, it helps to be prepared and know what physical symptoms to expect and when.
Below, we’ll go over some symptoms that labor is coming soon but hasn’t started yet. And we’ll provide some tell-tale signs that it’s time to grab your bags – because labor is about to begin.
Signs that labor is coming soon but hasn’t started yet
A normal pregnancy lasts about 37 to 42 weeks from the date of your last period, so once you enter the later 30s, your body is starting to gear up for the main event. The following changes don’t necessarily mean it’s time to go to the hospital, but they are signs that the big day is approaching:
Dilation and other cervical changes
Some of the biggest changes your body goes through before labor may be identified during cervical exams. As you get closer to labor, your cervix can start to soften and efface (get thinner). These changes allow your cervix to then dilate (open and grow wider), which will be necessary to deliver your baby.
Starting around week 36, your doctor or midwife may check for changes to your cervix and the position of your baby. It’s important to remember that these changes progress differently for everyone. Progress might start slowly and then increase rapidly just before labor, or vice versa.
It’s also normal to begin labor and not have a lot of changes yet. Once labor truly begins, your cervix will continue to dilate until you reach 10 centimeters and are considered fully dilated. Full dilation is what’s needed to start delivery.
Braxton Hicks contractions
Braxton Hicks are mild contractions that happen irregularly and become more common in the third trimester of pregnancy. You might experience Braxton Hicks contractions well before other signs of approaching labor show up. They tend to become stronger and more frequent as you get closer to your due date. But is this cramping a sign of labor? Not in the same way that regular contractions are (we’ll get to that below). And not everyone notices Braxton Hicks contractions.
Aches, pains and looser joints
Throughout your pregnancy, the hormone relaxin will loosen the ligaments in your body, particularly those in your pelvis. This will help your body stretch and flex during delivery, but you may feel discomfort or pain in your pelvic area. As your due day approaches, it’s also common to feel a bit wobbly, particularly in your hips and lower back. This is because the muscles around your joints now need to work harder to keep those areas stable.
Stomach issues
Stomach trouble isn’t out of the ordinary at any point during pregnancy. But it could intensify late in your third trimester, leading you to wonder, “Is nausea a sign that labor is approaching?” The answer is, sort of. Your baby is still growing and competing for space with everything else in your abdomen. As a result, you may experience indigestion and heartburn. But these issues can be with you for weeks or months.
However, a bout of diarrhea at the end of pregnancy can often be a sign that labor is 24 to 48 hours away. But those numbers can vary.
Lightening
As mentioned above, one of the things that doctors may check for during cervical exams is the position of the baby. This is in part because as you get closer to your due date, your baby will most likely settle into your pelvic area, which is referred to as the baby “dropping” or lightening.
Lightening often takes place two to four weeks before labor for first-time mothers. Mothers who have given birth before may not experience lightening until much closer to labor.
Your baby’s new position may put added pressure on your pelvis and bladder. So you may be used to frequent urination as a pregnancy symptom, but even more frequent urination is a potential sign of labor to come.
However, lightening sometimes makes it feel easier to breathe. And it could also reduce heartburn thanks to less pressure on the stomach and organs.
Nesting instincts
Many mothers-to-be experience a burst of energy in the weeks before they deliver and an urge to get things done along with it. The science isn’t clear on why, but there are theories that it could be instinct or the result of peaking estrogen.
Whatever their cause, these “nesting instincts” may take the form of planning for labor, organizing or cleaning house, and doing other activities that help prepare for the baby’s arrival. If you experience this, just be sure not to spend all your energy on it. You’re going to want as much energy as possible going into labor.
Questions or concerns about labor signs? Our 24/7 BabyLine is free for our members and patients.
The first signs that labor may be starting
While signs that labor is approaching can vary a lot from person to person, some of the signs that labor is actually beginning tend to be more universal.
You start to experience real contractions
Uterine contractions are your body’s way of getting your baby into position so you can push the baby out. The first stage of labor is generally defined as when you start experiencing true contractions.
What do contractions feel like?
Early labor contractions are mild and irregular, lasting for hours or days. But as you progress towards active labor, true contractions become more intense. They’re often compared to menstrual cramps or the severe gut pain that might be related to gas or an intestinal issue.
One of the main ways to tell true contractions apart from Braxton Hicks contractions is that normal contractions happen at regular intervals that become more frequent over time. You can track your contraction intervals either by using an app or phone, or by using a stopwatch and charting the start time and duration of each contraction on a piece of paper.
False labor vs. real labor
These key differences can help you tell when to go to the hospital for contractions.
True labor | False labor |
---|---|
Contractions happen at regular intervals | Contractions happen irregularly |
Contraction intensity increases | Contraction intensity is relatively consistent |
The time between contractions shortens | The time between contractions doesn’t shorten |
Discomfort remains regardless of position or movement | Changing position or moving around often relieves discomfort |
You feel consistent pain in your belly and lower back
Once contractions have truly begun, you’ll feel pain in your abdomen as a result. In addition, your baby’s head may put pressure on your lower back. So is this back pain a sign of labor? It can be. When labor is starting, pain can move in waves from your back to your front.
You lose your mucus plug and experience “bloody show”
What does losing your mucus plug mean? The mucus plug is a protective accumulation of mucus in the opening of the cervix, and as your cervix dilates, this “plug” may be passed into the vagina and discharged before labor starts.
Vaginal discharge containing this mucus may be thicker and have a pink or red color to it. This is due to bleeding from the cervix as it changes. When mucus and blood are discharged together, it’s referred to as “bloody show.” It’s worth noting that the mucus plug is often lost in the days leading up to labor, but it can also happen earlier or later depending on when you actually start to dilate and efface.
Your water breaks
During pregnancy, your baby is surrounded by amniotic fluid, which helps protect them from bacteria. Around the beginning of labor, the sac containing this fluid often ruptures. This can take the form of a sudden gush or a slow trickle of fluid from your vagina, but it isn’t always obvious. So if you suspect that your water may have broken, call your care team or head to the hospital. It may take contractions or your baby applying pressure before your water breaks.
What to watch for: Signs of preterm labor
Labor is considered preterm if it starts three or more weeks before your due date. If you haven’t reached week 37 and you believe that you may be experiencing signs that labor is starting, call your care team immediately.
What to do if you suspect that you’re in labor
The most common signs that it’s time to go to the hospital are water breaking or regular contractions that are five minutes apart for at least an hour (if it’s your first baby). If you live farther away from the hospital or this is not your first baby, your doctor or care team may give you other instructions.
Labor is yours alone. Listen to your body and don’t be afraid to go to the hospital early if you have any concerns. And in the meantime, if you have any planning left to do, we’re here to help.
App Store: BabyGenerator Guess baby face
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Predict what your future baby will look like with artificial intelligence technology!
Want to know what your future baby will look like?
Our app uses the latest AI technology to analyze facial features and predict your future baby's face.
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Please note that forecast results are for reference and entertainment purposes only and may differ from reality! So, no matter what predictions this application makes, you should still smile and be in a good mood - this is what we want to convey to you.
Very easy to use. Just follow three steps:
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2. The face looks directly into the camera.
3. Face without beard.
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Subscription automatically renews unless auto-renew is turned off at least 24-hours before the end of the current period. Account will be charged for renewal within 24-hours prior to the end of the current period. Payment will be charged to iTunes Account at confirmation of purchase. Subscriptions can be managed and auto-renewal can be turned off in Account Settings in iTunes after the purchase.
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Thank you for using the app. The babies will have the same pose, but will have different faces depending on the photo of dad and mom provided. Nature is very diverse, even siblings have different faces. The app just gives an idea of the future baby face.
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HOW YOUR CHILD WILL SPEAK DEPENDS ON YOU
More than fifty years ago there were only 16 speech therapists in Moscow. In 1951, the defectological faculty of the Moscow State Pedagogical Institute (now the university) graduated 30 specialists in correcting speech defects. Currently, thousands of speech therapists work in our country - graduates of Moscow Pedagogical Universities, as well as pedagogical institutes of regional and republican centers. And yet the problem of speech disorders remains relevant to this day. In every preschool institution, in every school, there are children with speech impediments. Special kindergartens and schools have been set up for children with complex speech disorders. And there are many such schools. What's the matter? How to prevent speech disorders in a child? After all, this shortcoming prevents him from successfully studying, being confident in his abilities, and making it difficult to choose a profession. To answer these questions, the editors asked Marianna Konstantinovna Shokhor-Trotskaya (Burlakova), a teacher-defectologist with fifty years of experience, one of the leading domestic specialists in overcoming speech disorders in children and adults, the author of more than a hundred scientific papers.
Games of botanical dominoes or lotto with pictures develop the child's visual attention.
A baby who has barely learned to walk enjoys drawing with colored crayons on the pavement. This activity promotes fine motor skills of the fingers.
At the age of three, many babies already know how to write some letters and have an idea of the number.
A one and a half year old child recognizes objects familiar to him in the plot pictures.
Stages of development of speech and thinking in a child.
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SPEECH - BRAIN FUNCTION
There are no special organs of speech in humans. Speech is realized with the help of articulation and respiratory apparatus, chewing, swallowing, providing the processes of voice formation. The central link of the entire speech apparatus is the cerebral cortex (for right-handers it is predominantly the left hemisphere, for left-handers it is the other way around), where the representations of the dominant hand, speech-auditory and kinesthetic (muscle) analyzers are concentrated.
In a child, the development of speech is divided into three periods. The first - preparatory - includes screaming, cooing and babbling. By crying, the baby gives a signal to parents, for example, that he is hungry. And thanks to the vocal reactions of humming (sounds like ay , eu ), gradually acquiring a different intonation coloring, it assimilates the intonation system of the language, copies the intonations of the people around it. Cooing is a consequence of randomly arising positions of the future articulatory apparatus - lips, tongue, soft palate, pharynx and larynx. It is the same for children all over the world. It is also observed in deaf babies who have not had sound contact with their mother.
By six to eight months of life, the baby begins to babble, pronounce sounds like ma, pa, ba, na, di (go), yes (give), etc. The sound composition of babble is the result of kinesthetic "tuning" of the articulatory apparatus by auditory, acoustic imitation of the speech of others. At the same time, the child masters the elementary syllabic structure of the word, which, as a rule, consists of one syllable. If the cooing does not turn into babbling, parents should worry about whether the baby is okay with hearing.
In the second period, from about eight to nine months of life, the baby begins to globally perceive the sound of certain words, with a look or a pointing gesture, "answer" the questions: "where is dad?", "where is the bird?". He rejoices that he is understood, imitates adults in playing with toys, in manipulating a spoon, a cup. There are no words yet, but intonations-exclamations already vary: feelings of joy and discontent are vocalized, accompanied by characteristic sounds: a-a-a , woo0210 . The babbling becomes longer, the intonation coloring is enriched, the sounds begin to repeat ( ba-ba-ba , ma-ma-ma ) and turn into words, which, in turn, become components of thinking. And although the pronunciation of words is still very imperfect, the child puts a certain meaning into them. Seeing that his mother has come or gone, he says the word ma-ma . These are the so-called sentence words. By the end of the first year of life, onomatopoeic words like 9 appear0209 av-av (dog), bb (car), tick-tock (watch).
In the third period, counting from the second year of life, the baby already understands the speech addressed to him, according to the word he performs simple instructions. He has a purposeful pointing gesture, accompanied by sounds with intonation of demand, which mean: name. The child persistently moves his index finger from one object to another, several times returns to the already "passed" objects, until he is "satiated" with the consciousness that different objects have different names. The period of an active pointing gesture is a big leap in the formation of the first stage of children's concrete-figurative thinking, associated with the primary isolation of the sound envelope of a word by ear. At this time, the child's passive vocabulary is laid. The rapid development of speech understanding is several months ahead of the development of oral speech. Quite often, the pause between the time when the child began to point a finger at a particular object, and the moment when he pronounces the word denoting the object, has five to eight months. Finally, the turn comes when the baby makes an attempt to connect two words into a phrase ( mother, give ).
A hearing child, perceiving the correct, not lisp speech of the mother, begins to speak at 14-18 months from the date of birth. Different children develop speech in different ways. In some, a statement of two or four words is formed rather slowly, but such babies, by about a year and eight months, master the pronunciation of almost all the sounds of their native language. Another group of children rapidly develops the melody of speech, they pronounce long phrases, but operate with several syllables, they do not pronounce many sounds. In such cases, only the mother can make out what her baby said. It is noticed that girls begin to speak earlier than boys; this is probably due to the more plastic nervous system of the former.
By the age of one and a half, the first period of questions arises: "what is this?". In the active dictionary of such a little man there are already 30-35 words, consisting of one or two syllables and pronounced using six to eight sounds with different syllabic variations, which not every adult understands, but this is communication through speech.
By the age of two, a baby's vocabulary reaches about 300 words. He actively uses adverbs and verbs. In the third year of life, he learns the first grammatical forms, builds verbose phrases with complex and subordinate clauses, prepositions, adjectives, adverbs, interrogative words. After two and a half years, the child, in addition to an abundance of adjectives, participles, complex prepositions appear through , along , etc., and by the end of the third year of life - connecting conjunctions and pronouns. The main formation of speech ends, but its improvement continues in the fourth and fifth years of life. This is a period of questions: "why?", "why?".
CAUSES OF SPEECH DELAY AND IMPAIRMENT IN PRESCHOOL AGE
If the child was born healthy, a delay in his speech development may occur. due to incorrect actions of adults during the preparatory period: with insufficient verbal communication with the baby, inattention to his auditory perception, imitation of sounds and the words of an adult, with untimely development of intonational expressiveness speech and semantic connections between the word and the subject.
Before speaking, the baby must train the muscles of the speech apparatus. This happens when he coos, babbles, breathes, swallows, suckles, chews. It has been noticed that children who were breastfed face speech difficulties less often than artificial ones, and those who were introduced to solid food in a timely manner speak much more clearly than their peers who were stuffed with liquid cereals and mashed vegetables almost before school.
Speech disorders are caused by various reasons: congenital anomalies of the central nervous system, cerebral cortex, palate, tongue, nasal breathing defects and a decrease in the muscle tone of the soft palate (such a pathology leads to nasality), mental trauma (for example, in impressionable, neurotic-prone children startle reaction can provoke stuttering), etc.
A child who was born deaf or who lost his hearing as a result of an illness in the first weeks and months of life will not learn to speak until a teacher of the deaf (a specialist who teaches speech to deaf children) teaches him "lip reading", teaches him to pronounce individual sounds, and then words with based on tactile, kinesthetic, and visual perception. Such classes should begin at the age of three or four.
The development of speech and thinking is closely related to the development of fine motor skills and coordination of finger movements. Children working with the designer, doing origami, modeling from plasticine, embroidery and other types of needlework, as a rule, are able to reason logically. They have a well-developed memory and attention.
Often, the retraining of a left-handed child to do everything with his right hand leads to a delay in speech development and speech disorders. Modern mothers know that babies should not be swaddled. Any restriction of the infant's movements inhibits not only the formation of motor skills, but also the timely development of speech functions. In a right-handed person, the actions of all moving parts of the body, and especially the fingers, speech, articulatory apparatus (larynx, pharynx, tongue, lips, soft palate) are genetically laid down in the left hemisphere of the brain, in the left-handed person - in the right hemisphere. If the left-hander is not allowed to actively work with his left hand, then he will experience a spatial breakdown in the formation of movements: the movements of the right, non-dominant hand will be stimulated, and the main, leading hand will remain without stimulation. By retraining the baby to hold a spoon or a pencil in his right hand, parents thereby shift the innate functions of his leading right hemisphere to the left, in which he does not have a "projection" base for fine finger movements and articulation apparatus. As a result, speech developing on the basis of auditory perception "does not know" in which hemisphere it "settles". That is why often left-handers, who from infancy were diligently forced to do everything with their right hands, later begin to speak, pronounce many sounds incorrectly, are awkward in their movements, cannot dance, and have no ear for music. But it is no less important that the emotional-volitional sphere of the child is violated. We know that every action causes a reaction. The child becomes either stubborn or broken: weak-willed, suspicious, insecure. He begins to fix attention on his speech difficulties, deeply worries about trifles. For this reason, he may develop a stutter. And it is difficult to overcome it. A left-handed kid needs to be given freedom of action, and he himself will learn to do a lot with both hands.
DEVELOPMENT OF SPEECH AND THINKING
The English philosopher, teacher and psychologist of the 17th century John Locke, in his monograph on the upbringing of children, very accurately noted that a person’s consciousness, his character, culture, upbringing and thinking depend on what his parents laid in him before the age of five.
The most important period of emotional and intellectual development of a child falls on the age of up to three years. From the first days of life, a newborn reacts not only to the tactile perception of mother's hands, bright light, but also to sounds, the timbre of the voice of the mother and other people, and most importantly, to intonation (it is known that the most affectionate words uttered with a threatening intonation, even an adult can plunge into fear). It is not for nothing that lullabies that soothe and lull a baby are passed down from generation to generation. It is very important that a child from the first days of life listen to his mother's singing of lullabies or folk songs. It should be quiet but legible. The current tendency to replace mother's singing with tape recordings of classical or popular music does not stimulate the child's perception of the melody and vocabulary of the native language. Such concerts sometimes simply deafen him.
Be sure to respond to the crying of the child. In the first months of life, he can only tell you that he is experiencing discomfort, that he is cold, wet, or very hungry. In addition, screaming or crying is also an attempt to communicate. The kid makes you understand that he is bored and wants to see his own face.
Speak with the baby literally from his very birth, pronouncing the words competently, slowly and clearly, without any lisping. It does not matter that he still does not understand the meaning of your words, but he is sensitive to intonation and perfectly captures it. All actions - bathing, dressing, feeding, etc. - accompany with a semblance of a conversation. For example: "Now I'll see what you don't like, why are you fidgeting, crying." Speech should be slow and gentle. The newborn best perceives melodic vowel sounds, sung in a singsong voice. It is important that the baby sees your facial expressions, lip movements. Pronounce sounds especially carefully o , i, e . It is them that many children subsequently pronounce indistinctly, sometimes replacing them with others - at , e . Because of this, at school they write words with the letters o , and , y , e ( e ) with errors. When talking with a baby, always remember that you have a responsible task - to instill innate literacy in your son or daughter. Thanks to active communication, in the infant's still undifferentiated auditory-speech memory, that canvas is laid, on which in the future the child's speech experience will flourish, his first babbling will appear.
I advise parents to keep a diary, writing in it when the baby began to babble, when he spoke, when he began to crawl, walk, when his fontanel was overgrown. This information in case of developmental deviations may be needed by a neuropathologist or a teacher-defectologist.
It is very important at a very early age to educate a child's visual and auditory skills. attention, inviting him to find the direction of a sounding toy (rattles, squeaking rubber animals), loudly ticking clocks moving around the room, etc. In a three-four-year-old the baby's visual attention is formed in the process of studying with a picture loto or puzzles, when you need to fill in small cards a large map with a picture on one topic or another. Inattention in some children is due to their excessive activity, restlessness, incontinence, inability to listen and observe, in others, on the contrary, some slowness, lethargy, lack of concentration, disorganization and absent-mindedness. At school, these difficulties lead to the fact that children are inattentive in the classroom, cannot follow the instructions of the teacher, begin to act impulsively, without listening to the end the end of the task, hastily or very slowly perform it. The teacher always has to make comments to them. As a result, the child loses the desire to learn. He becomes stubbornly unsuccessful.
Once the child has mastered walking, teach him to dance. Rhythmic movements contribute to the development of hearing, and hence speech.
The attention of a left-handed child and his orientation in space can be developed by offering first to show the objects drawn in the book to the left of the center, then to the center and to the right.
The ability to control auditory attention, to slow down motor activity in time, is excellently brought up in games of raising and lowering hands to the questions: "Who flies?", "Who runs?", "Who swims?" etc. For example: "Does the bird fly? Does the sofa fly? Does the butterfly fly?" The child must be taught to quickly switch attention when showing household items, parts of the face, body.
By the age of two and a half, children rapidly develop concrete-figurative thinking with elements of fantasy, which should be encouraged in the process of games: "Guess the riddle", "Whose legs are these?" (show the child only the lower part of the picture depicting some animal), "Find out who I am" (draw the outline of an animal or a simple object using dots, ask the child to connect all the dots with one line to find out who is hiding in your dots) . Involve your child in creativity by offering to draw or compose a fairy tale together.
From the age of three, a well-speaking child can be taught in a playful way to read words made up of the alphabet on cubes. At this age, he already has an idea of \u200b\u200bthe number (one, two, many), is able to memorize poems, work with a designer, “explore” what a bear has in his stomach or how a car works, walk with a stroller, imitating his mother. He is interested in everything. He gets to know the world and finds out that the teapot is hot, the scissors are sharp, the glass is glass and that is why it broke. Realizes the change of generations and the fact that some event happened yesterday, even earlier or a long time ago and that a lot more must happen in the future. Your task is to satisfy the curiosity of the baby, to answer all his "why?".
It's time to introduce kids from the age of three to five years old with Russian folk tales, but avoid the tales of Ivan the Fool, about Emel ("By the Pike"), as they sing of laziness, idleness, life at someone else's expense. Learn by heart with the child fragments of the wise tales of A. S. Pushkin, read him poems and fairy tales by K. I. Chukovsky, S. Ya. Marshak, A. L. Barto, S. V. Mikhalkov, fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm, Andersen. At the same time, explain to the baby incomprehensible speech turns, for example: "both the forest and the valleys are full of visions ...". Even before school, he will become interested in stories about heroes (Ilya Muromets, Dobrynya Nikitich, etc.), about the exploits of the people who defend their country from strangers. He will listen with pleasure to the myths of Ancient Greece. Heroes after all were not only three musketeers.
If by the age of four or five the child has not mastered the pronunciation of sounds l , r , whistling, hissing sounds, or all voiced sounds are muffled, and solid sounds softly, be sure to contact a speech therapist, as at school he can confuse these sounds. Classes with a speech therapist require quite a lot of time and effort, so it is advisable to resolve this problem at least a year before entering school, when the child is not yet loaded with lessons.
According to methodological aids, parents themselves can help their child get rid of some speech defects (for example, three-year-old babies often instead of the sound w pronounce the sound with , instead of p - l ). You need to start with the production of individual sounds, using a kind of gymnastics of the speech apparatus (at one time, the journal "Science and Life" published a series of articles "School of a Home Speech Therapist" - see Nos. 10-12 for 1962; if you have old magazine files, we advise you to read these articles - Note ed .).
A five-year-old child can already be told about the peculiarities of life and customs of the peoples of different countries, about the inhabitants of the seas, rivers and forests, about the stars and planets. Show him on a globe or geographical map how many continents, seas and oceans are on Earth, where is the country in which he lives. Choose your TV shows very carefully. In no case do not let your child watch horror cartoons. They disturb the child's sleep, make him nervous.
At the same age, knowledge about the seasons and the time of day is fixed. Baby begins to encounter such a phenomenon as the ambiguity of a word, learns, for example, that the word "cage" refers not only to a cage for a tiger in a zoo, but also to a drawing material on the dress that "in a cage" is a notebook. You can already meet a preschooler with such concepts in linguistics as a synonym (a word that matches or is close to by meaning with another word, for example, "way" and "road") and an antonym (the word opposite according to the meaning of another word, for example, "light" and "dark"). Once on a flight on the bus, I watched my mother play words with her six-year-old son. She spoke some word and asked her son to name words that are close or opposite in value. To the adjective "quick" the boy extracted from memory the words "fast", "swift", "agile", "brisk", "frisky", and after a short pause added: "nimble." Mom supplemented the list with the words: "fast", "zealous", "quick". There were fewer antonyms: "slow", "quiet", "turtle", "unhurried", "unhurried". Then other tasks followed, and it seemed that in this fascinating mother and son can play the game endlessly. It was very pleasant to watch them. I thought: it will be easy for this boy to study at school, he obviously does not suffer from poverty speech, tongue-tied.
In order to prevent mistakes in writing, to improve the perception of the rhythm of speech, "conduct" when your baby reads a poem, sings or dances to singing, clap the number of syllables in a word, but do everything in the form of a game.
And the last tip. Always praise the child for his resourcefulness, diligence and diligence and do not scold him for mistakes, for a broken cup, broken pen or ruler (remember how much you have broken and broken yourself). Then he will become your friend, will delight you with his curiosity, observation and good performance at school.
LITERATURE
Burlakova M.