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How to Sterilize Baby Bottles

Once you’ve done your research and decided on the best bottles for baby, there’s still another step to consider: how to clean them. Whether you’ve chosen glass, plastic or silicone bottles, you’ll have to keep them as pristine as possible to protect baby’s developing immune system. If you listen to advice from your mother or grandmother, you might be fretting over how to sterilize baby bottles—but nowadays sterilizing baby bottles isn’t absolutely necessary, except in certain situations. “This practice is a bit outdated now that the majority of homes in developed countries use treated municipal water,” says Caitlin Hoff, a health and safety investigator for ConsumerSafety.org. “There are, however, some cases in which you might want to sterilize a bottle.” Here, we break down when sterilizing baby bottles is a good idea and the best methods for the job.

In this article:
When to sterilize baby bottles
How often to sterilize baby bottles
How to sterilize baby bottles
How to clean baby bottles

When to Sterilize Baby Bottles

Sterilizing baby bottles is an added step beyond traditional cleaning that provides extra protection against germs. And generally speaking, it’s a one-and-done deal. “When you first buy bottles, it’s important to sterilize them at least one time,” says Samira Armin, MD, a pediatrician at Texas Children’s Pediatrics. After all, you don’t know where that bottle was before it was packaged and sold to you, so an initial sterilization is a quick, easy way to ensure baby’s health and safety. “After that, it’s no longer necessary to sterilize bottles or their accessories,” she adds. “Many years ago, when water supplies weren’t reliably clean, baby items required sterilization, but nowadays this is thankfully not an issue.”

That said, there are instances when you might want to sterilize baby’s bottle beyond that first use. According to Hoff, these include:

• If you’re using borrowed or second-hand bottles. With all the gear and supplies that babies require, some moms hit up consignment shops or borrow baby bottles from a friend. In these cases, it’s critical to sterilize pre-used bottles before giving it to your child for the first time. The same goes for bottles that have been used for older siblings in your own home.

• If baby has been sick. It’s no fun when baby’s sick, so the last thing you want to do is risk re-infecting them by using unclean bottles. “If you’re concerned about any lingering germs or bacteria on your child’s bottles, sterilizing them will certainly put your mind at ease,” Hoff says.

• If baby was premature or has health issues. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), sterilization is particularly important if baby was born prematurely or has a weakened immune system.

• If you don’t have access to clean drinking water. If your home isn’t part of a municipality with clean drinking water, you use well water or you’re traveling in a country with questionable water, you may need to sterilize baby’s bottles often; once daily or even after each use would be prudent to avoid buildup of harmful microbes.

How Often to Sterilize Baby Bottles

As long as you have good quality municipal drinking water that isn’t coming from a well, it’s not necessary (or even recommended) to sterilize baby’s bottles too often. “Regular sterilization can potentially damage the bottle and allow chemicals to leach into the milk, especially if the bottle has BPA in it,” says Daniel Ganjian, MD, a pediatrician at St. John’s Health Center in Santa Monica, California. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned the use of bisphenol A, or BPA, in baby bottles back in 2012 due to concerns over the chemical’s impact on infant development—but if you’re using older plastic bottles, make sure they don’t have the recycling number 7 imprinted on the bottom.

How often to sterilize baby bottles is really up to you, so do what feels right for your family. If you use a dishwasher with hot water and a heated drying cycle to clean your child’s feeding items, sanitizing baby bottles by hand isn’t called for. Otherwise, for extra germ removal beyond standard washing, the CDC says you can sanitize bottles at least once daily.

When to stop sterilizing baby bottles

If you do decide to sterilize baby’s bottles regularly, it’s okay to stop once baby is older than 3 months, according to CDC guidelines, since baby’s immune system isn’t quite so fragile anymore.

You should also stop sterilizing baby bottles and accessories if you notice any damage, Ganjian says. Glass bottles with cracks or chips should be tossed out, as should plastic bottles with splits, cracks, strong odors or any warping. Bottle nipples that have sustained noticeable wear and tear should always be replaced, since they can be a choking hazard.

How to Sterilize Baby Bottles

Sterilization kills bacteria in bottles through the use of high temperatures or chemicals, Armin says, and one method isn’t superior to another. So when it comes to deciding how to sterilize baby bottles, choose an approach that works best for you and your budget. Read on for step-by-step instructions for how to sterilize baby bottles using various techniques.

Sterilizing baby bottles with boiling water

No special equipment required here! To sterilize baby bottles using boiling water, all you need is water and a pot. And don’t worry—it’s fine to sanitize plastic bottles using this method.

1. Fill a large, clean pot with enough water to cover the bottles.
2. Submerge the freshly washed bottles in the water upside down, making sure there aren’t any air bubbles at the bottom.
3. Bring the water to a boil.
4. Boil the bottles for five minutes (check manufacturer guidelines for variations).
5. Turn the heat off and remove the bottles using tongs.
6. Place them on a clean, dry dishcloth and allow them to air dry.

Sterilizing baby bottles in the microwave

Another super-easy approach to sterilizing baby bottles? Using your microwave’s steam power! Here’s how to sterilize baby bottles in the microwave without any other special equipment:

1. Start with a clean microwave.
2. Fill bottles about halfway with water.
3. Microwave on high for one to two minutes.
4. Using oven mitts, remove bottles from the microwave, dump remaining water out and let the bottles air dry.

Another option is to purchase a microwave baby bottle sterilizer. This type of sterilizer also harnesses the power of steam, but it encloses the bottles in a plastic casing to give them a more thorough cleansing. These handy sterilizers are widely available and typically cost about half as much as the better-known electric baby bottle sterilizers.

Sterilizing baby bottles with electric steam

If you know you’ll sleep easier if baby’s bottles are sterilized regularly, you may want to spring for a countertop bottle sterilizer. Steam sterilization can reach higher temperatures than boiling water, so it can kill more bacteria and mold, Ganjian says.

Though they’re a bit more pricey than any of the other options, electric baby bottle sterilizers are probably the quickest, easiest option if you want (or need) to sanitize bottles frequently. Simply follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. Plus, they can be used to sanitize bottles, bottle parts, nipples and more. Many moms even use these for small plastic toys and teething rings once baby outgrows the bottle stage. That’s knowing how to stretch a dollar!

Sterilizing baby bottles with bleach

If you’re in a pinch and don’t have access to boiling water, steam or a dishwasher, the CDC condones the use of bleach to clean baby bottles. Here’s how to sterilize baby bottles with this method:

1. Combine one teaspoon of unscented bleach with 16 cups of hot water.
2. Submerge bottles in the solution, taking care to avoid any air bubbles in the bottom of the bottles.
3. Soak bottles for two to five minutes, then remove with clean tongs.
4. Place bottles on a clean dish towel to air dry. There’s no need to rinse, Armin says: “Any remaining bleach will break down quickly during the air-drying process and will not harm baby.”

Sterilizing baby bottles using sterilizing tablets

Wondering how to sterilize baby bottles when you’re away from home and don’t have access to your normal equipment? Food-grade, chlorine-based sterilizing tablets are just as effective at removing all the same microbes as the other sterilization techniques above. Be sure to follow the instructions on the packaging to ensure proper sterilization.

How to Clean Baby Bottles

Regardless of whether you decide to sterilize baby’s bottles, you’ll still have to thoroughly clean them after every feeding. “Newborns and infants have underdeveloped immune systems are vulnerable to infections by viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi, which can all lead to illness. These germs can grow quickly if breast milk or formula is added to a partially used bottle that hasn’t been well cleaned,” Armin says. “Washing items thoroughly with hot water and soap is all that’s required to remove most harmful germs from bottles.” You can choose to wash bottles and their parts by hand or in the dishwasher. Here’s how:

Cleaning baby bottles in the dishwasher

Are your baby bottles dishwasher safe? Good news: Using your dishwasher’s hottest water setting and a heated drying cycle effectively sterilizes the bottles!

1. Separate all bottle parts.
2. Rinse the bottles and parts with clean water to remove any milk particles.
3. Place all small parts (including rings, valves and nipples) in a dishwasher-safe basket to prevent them from falling to the bottom of the dishwasher.
4. When possible, run the bottles on a hot-water cycle and heated drying cycle or select the sanitizing setting.
5. Remove the bottles and parts from the dishwasher and allow to air dry on a clean dishcloth.

Cleaning baby bottles by hand

When cleaning by hand, the CDC recommends washing the bottles and their parts in a special container that’s only used for bottles, rather than having bottles come in contact with the sink, to prevent cross-contamination. You should also use a bottle brush or other cleaning utensil that’s set aside just for baby’s bottles.

1. Start with clean hands.
2. Separate the bottles and their parts and rinse each piece under running hot or cold water to remove any milk particles. Don’t set the bottles down in the sink.
3. Fill a clean basin with hot water and soap.
4. Scrub the bottles and parts with a bottle brush, taking care to thoroughly clean all the way to the bottom of the bottle.
5. Clean inside the nipples, making sure to flush water through the tiny holes at the tips.
6. Rinse again under running water.
7. Air dry on a clean dishcloth.

Updated February 2020

Expert bios:

As a health and safety investigator for ConsumerSafety.org, Caitlin Hoff educates families about important consumer topics that impact the general public’s health and safety. She holds a certification in CDC Health Literacy for Public Health Professionals.

Samira Armin, MD, FAAP, is a pediatrician at Texas Children’s Pediatrics. She earned her medical degree from St. George’s University in 2009 and specializes in newborns and healthy eating.

Daniel Ganjian, MD, is a pediatrician at Providence St. John’s Health Center in Santa Monica, California. He earned his medical degree from the University of California, Irvine, in 2004 and is a member of the Alpha Omega Alpha honor society, a designation given to just 10 percent of American physicians.

Please note: The Bump and the materials and information it contains are not intended to, and do not constitute, medical or other health advice or diagnosis and should not be used as such. You should always consult with a qualified physician or health professional about your specific circumstances.

Plus, more from The Bump:

16 Best Baby Bottles

How Much Should a Newborn Eat?

Pumping Breast Milk 101

How to sterilize cans for preservation / To keep them from blowing off the lids - an article from the "How to store" section on Food.ru

Why they explode

The main thing for conservation is cleanliness. Products and containers for long-term storage must be sterile. Washing them with soap is not enough, no matter how hard you try. Even with the slightest contact with the external environment, bacteria can remain on the bottom and walls of the jars and on the lids.

Once there, they will begin to multiply actively even in tightly sealed containers. Over time, mold will appear on stewed meat or vegetables, the brine will become cloudy, compotes and jams will ferment.

The gas formed inside blows off the lids, and fragile glass jars burst and “explode”. If the process is started, no cold will save the pantry crop.

To prevent this from happening, and lecho, cucumbers and tomatoes delight you all winter, jars and lids must be properly sterilized. Then they can not deteriorate for months.

There are several sterilization methods, the most common being hot. They involve either steam or boiling water. But before choosing the right one, you should put things in order in the kitchen cabinet.

Important

Remember that an exploding can of preform is half the trouble. Much more dangerous is botulinum toxin, a substance that can be formed in canned food if the rules for long-term storage are violated. Most often, in stew or mushrooms. Food contaminated with it should not be eaten. The toxin leads to botulism, a serious disease of the nervous system.

Which jars and lids can be sterilized

In canning, glass jars of various sizes are commonly used. The maximum is three liters. Those that are smaller are suitable for pickling vegetables; compotes are rolled into large ones for the winter. Containers for blanks should be free of chips and cracks, clean, made of transparent or greenish glass.

Do not use the container if:

• notice that it has changed color;

• you have used it for non-food purposes;

• you cannot wash off the remains of the previous workpiece even with a 1% soda ash solution and remove the smell even with water with vinegar and lemon juice (hold for at least 20 minutes).

Stopper glass jars with simple polyethylene or tin lids with thin rubber bands inside. The former can be used repeatedly, the latter always buy new ones for homemade preparations. They must also be free of visible damage: rust, scratches, dents or other defects.

Before sterilization, do the following:

• wash both with detergent, you can use natural - soda or mustard;

• Rinse jars and lids thoroughly in clean water to remove household chemicals or soap;

• leave to dry upside down on a towel.

Tip

Pasteurization is another way to prepare jars and lids for canning. The procedure takes place at lower temperatures - up to 70 degrees on average. Pasteurized canned blanks can be stored much less.

In a saucepan

• Pros: less likely to burn yourself with steam.

• Cons: a large batch cannot be processed at once.

The simplest method used by our grandmothers. In a deep saucepan of large diameter, put dry, clean jars upside down as much as you like. If the jar is large and won't fit, lay it on its side. Pour cold water over both the saucepan and the glass container halfway. Put on the stove, turn on medium heat and wait for the allotted time.

Saucepan sterilization time:

• 1 liter - 10 minutes;

• 1.5 liters - 16 minutes;

• 2 liters - 20 minutes;

• 3 liters - 30 minutes.

Tip

Do not use a dishwasher for sterilization. Most models only heat water up to 70 degrees - enough to wash away food residues, but not enough for complete disinfection. Dishes are sterilized at 100 degrees and above.

Steamed: over a saucepan, kettle, in a steamer

Several devices, but the principle is the same - we will sterilize jars over hot steam. The most convenient of these options is to take a grid for cooking manti or a special nozzle for a pan, which is called a “sterilizer” in hardware stores. But a simple colander, wire rack or sieve will do. With their help, you can process 2-4 cans of medium size at the same time.

Fill the saucepan halfway with cold water. You can also throw metal covers there. We install a grid on the container, turn on the fire and wait for the water to boil. With the advent of the first steam, you can put the jars upside down on the grate. Glass containers must be dry. After a certain time, you will see large drops of water on the glass. This is a signal that the sterilization is over, everything is ready.

Steam sterilization time:

• 0.5 liters - 7 minutes;

• 1 liter - 10 minutes;

• 2 liters - 15 minutes;

• 3 liters - 20 minutes.

In a similar way, you can sterilize jars over a steamer or kettle with boiling water (over a regular, non-electric one). Half-liter jars are put directly on the spout. Those that are larger are lowered with their necks into the main opening of the kettle, where you usually pour water. If its diameter is too large and the jar strives to “drown”, put a pusher on the bottom of the kettle, with which you make mashed potatoes, and place the container on it.

Tip

Inspection of jars and lids that you want to sterilize is not all. Canned foods can also become breeding grounds for bacteria. Only selected vegetables and fruits are suitable for harvesting. Rotten, sluggish and spoiled it is better to throw it away immediately. Even one small apple with a wormhole can ruin an entire three-liter jar of compote. And, of course, wash them well before cooking.

In a slow cooker

• Pros: no need to watch.

• Cons: Requires special grill.

Empty glass jars can be sterilized in a slow cooker in a similar way. But only if you have a steamer attachment.

Pour a few glasses of water into the multicooker bowl. Throw the lids into it, install a nozzle with a mesh on top, then dry jars with the neck down.

Turn on the "Steam" mode - the multicooker will set the desired time by itself. As a rule, it is 15-30 minutes. If you are sterilizing small jars, the time can be set manually.

Multicooker sterilization time:

• 0.5 liters - 6 minutes;

• 1 liter - 10 minutes;

• 2 liters - 15 minutes;

• 3 liters - 20 minutes.

After the device beeps, let the container cool down for a few minutes before removing it from the grid.

How to sterilize jars in the oven

• Pros: You can sterilize 4 to 6 jars of different sizes at the same time.

• Cons: lids with rubber bands will have to be boiled separately.

In the same way you can also sterilize jars in a gas stove oven. But if there is no timer, you will have to periodically check their status yourself.

The oven must be cold. We arrange clean, dry jars on a wire rack or baking sheet. Their position does not really matter - the bottom can be either from below or from above. Important: if the jars were slightly damp, a white coating may appear on the glass during the sterilization process in the oven. This is not a problem, such containers can also be used for further preparations.

Turn on the stove at 50 degrees, after five minutes you can increase it to 140. So the heating will be gradual and even - the risk that the glass will crack is minimal. If the stove has additional operating modes, select convection.

Soon the glass door of the oven, along with the jars inside, will fog up. The stove can be turned off when they are completely dry. As a rule, it takes from 10 to 30 minutes, depending on the size of the container.

Time to sterilize jars in the oven:

• 0.5 liters - 10 minutes;

• 1 liter - 15 minutes;

• 2 liters - 20 minutes;

• 3 liters - 25 minutes.

Do not take hot jars out of the oven right away, they may burst if the temperature drops too fast, especially if the room is cool. Let the container cool in the oven for 10 minutes with the door slightly open. Take out the jars carefully: use a dry towel or potholder.

Important

Only tin screw caps can be sterilized in the oven. Polyethylene and disposable with thin rubber bands around the perimeter, this method is not suitable - they will melt from intense heat. Boil these lids separately.

Microwaveable

• Pros: convenient and fast.

• Cons: glass can break, tin lids cannot be sterilized.

The microwave does not heat the air, but the food or liquid inside. Therefore, it does not make sense to sterilize empty jars in it. Before sterilization in the microwave, we fill the jars with water: half a glass for a medium size, a whole glass for a three-liter one.

Place the cans on the turntable, leaving a space between them. Set a timer for 3-5 minutes. As soon as the water in the microwave begins to boil, large drops will appear on the inside of the jar. For sterilization, this is enough: carefully remove the jars with kitchen gloves, put them upside down on a dry towel.

How to sterilize jars in a couple of minutes cold

• Pros: can be used for plastic dishes.

• Cons: not always available on the farm.

All the methods of sterilization described above are called hot. Not to say that they take a lot of time - it takes up to 30 minutes for one game. But if you don’t have even half an hour, you don’t want to mess around with water and high temperatures, use improvised means. You can sterilize jars with alcohol, manganese or vinegar.

The most popular method of cold sterilization is with alcohol or vodka. Pour about a glass of strong liquid into a clean, dry jar. Close tightly and shake - so that the bottom, walls and neck of the jar are thoroughly rinsed.

Pour the liquid into the next jar and repeat. With one glass of vodka or alcohol, you can process the entire glass arsenal for blanks.

Alcohol can be replaced with 9% vinegar or essence. The scheme is the same, but there is a condition: vinegar must first be diluted with boiled cold water. A liter will require a tablespoon of vinegar or its essence.

Important

It is not necessary to rinse the jars after this sterilization. Vinegar, like alcohol, evaporates from the surface fairly quickly. While you are preparing the brine or marinade, there will be no trace of them - only safe, disinfected glass.

Was there no alcohol or vinegar in the household? Look in the first aid kit, perhaps there was some manganese lying around. Its aqueous solution is also suitable for cold sterilization, however, it will take a little longer.

Dissolve manganese crystals in a liter of boiled cold water until pink (not purple). Pour the solution into jars, fill the remaining volume with warm water. Close the jars with lids and leave for 10 minutes.

Then, to disinfect the neck as well, turn the jars upside down and wait another 5 minutes. The manganese solution should be drained, and the jars should be poured with boiling water from the inside before further use.

How to sterilize jars with blanks inside

Some spin recipes do not sterilize empty jars, but already filled with vegetables. This is how, for example, lecho or vegetable caviar is prepared. This can be done in water in a saucepan on the stove or in the oven according to the schemes described above. The only difference is that the bottom of the dish should be lined with a kitchen towel folded in two.

What to do during and after sterilization: a few general tips

1. Both used and new jars must be sterilized equally carefully.

2. Try on jar lids before sterilization. In order not to waste time, pre-form pairs that exactly fit each other in size, twist well and do not leak.

3. Do not forget about safety precautions: when opening kitchen appliances, keep your face away from steam, do not reach hot jars and lids with your bare hands - only with a towel or special tongs.

4. After sterilization, the jars should be placed upside down on a clean, dry towel to drain excess liquid.

5. The towel can be ironed on both sides with a hot iron.

6. Sterilize jars before sealing. Two hours after treatment, bacteria will begin to settle on them again.

7. In the process, try not to touch the neck of the jar too much, so as not to introduce microorganisms.

8. Pour the hot brine into the jars in parts, not all at once - let them get used to the high temperature. Otherwise, they may burst.

What can be done?

Learn how to store homemade items. Keep glass jars with pickles, jams and compotes in a cool place, out of direct sunlight. Once every few months, carry out an audit and remove jars in which the lids are swollen or signs of mold are visible inside.

See also

• The doctor pointed out the signs of deadly jam

• 8 best recipes for harvesting cucumbers. Selection Food.ru

• How to sterilize jars at home. Chef's Tips

Jar Sterilization | "GLAVSTEKLOTARA"

Contents of the article:

• Which jars are suitable for canning?
• Steam sterilization of containers
• Boiling glass jars
• Processing containers in the oven
• Special lids for sterilizing jars
• Microwave sterilization of glass containers
• Goods for home preparations in the company "Trading House "GLAVSTEKLOTARA"

Glass jars are ideal for storing food for the winter or even several winters. Banks patiently endure temperature fluctuations and do not deteriorate from exposure to acids and salts. You can buy containers for blanks in our store - just order the necessary goods on the website.

Which jars are suitable for canning?

In principle, any glass container will cope with this. Only it should be in good condition: there should be no cracks or chips on the body and in the neck area. The stage of preparing the jar for work is also important - it must be thoroughly washed, and it is better to take baking soda, not dish detergent, for this.

Steam sterilization of containers

You will need a pot of water. Boil water in it, then put a mesh or a special container inside with a hole the size of the neck of the jar. The container should be in the pan upside down. There is no set processing time, you need to monitor the state of the jar: when it is covered inside with large drops of water and they begin to drain, the fire can be turned off. Large containers require a longer processing time than small jars.

By the way, you can process glass containers in this way more simply using a double boiler. The principle of operation is the same here. It is necessary to place clean jars in the device, and turn it on for 15 minutes in the cooking mode. But this method is only suitable for small, low containers that will fit in the apparatus.

Boiling glass jars

Take a pot of suitable size and place a piece of heavy material or a piece of wood on the bottom. Pour water into a jar, filling it completely, then put it in a bowl, pouring water into it too so that it covers the neck of the container. Bring the water to a boil and process the jars for several minutes (15 minutes for liter jars, 25 minutes for three-liter jars).

Processing containers in the oven

There are significantly more jars in the oven than in a saucepan, so the procedure will take less time. Some ovens have a steam function, which will make the task very easy. Please note that the temperature should not exceed 120 degrees, otherwise the glass may burst.

It is also worth checking the cleanliness of the oven grate, it is better to wash it before sterilization. Dry jars are placed with the neck down, and if you did not wipe them after washing, put the containers with the neck up. The processing time is 15-20 minutes, for small jars 10 minutes is enough. At the same time, you can warm up the metal lids by laying them on the grill. Remove the container with dry tacks so that it does not burst from a sharp temperature drop. And it’s better to wait a little while until she cools herself in the oven.

You can sterilize in the oven and cans already filled with contents without lids at a temperature of 100 degrees. The duration of the procedure, again, depends on the size of the container. After removing the jars, immediately roll them up with pre-disinfected lids and place them upside down on the table.

Special lids for sterilizing jars

Many home improvement stores now have sterilization lids with a hole in the middle. You can choose the right options for different jars, as the lids come in different sizes. They cover pots with water, placing a jar upside down in the hole.

Before sterilizing, wash glass jars well and then rinse them with a weak solution of 9% vinegar for best results. Processing time is standard, about 10-15 minutes.

Microwave sterilization of glass containers

Another simple method, although it is not used very often. Before processing, you need to pour a little water into the jar (about 2 cm high), then put it in the oven. The recommended power is 800 watts. Five minutes of operation of the unit is enough. Large jars can be laid on their side to fit in the oven. In this case, you need to put something under the body, for example, a piece of cloth, to fix the container.

Each hostess chooses her own processing method, which is more convenient for her. After sterilization, empty glass containers are placed upside down on a dry and clean surface, this helps to prevent dirt and bacteria from entering them.

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