Blood test baby

Newborn Screening Tests (for Parents)

What Is Newborn Screening?

Newborn screening is a public health service done in each U.S. state. Every newborn is tested for a group of health disorders that aren't otherwise found at birth.

With a simple blood test, doctors can check for rare genetic, hormone-related, and metabolic conditions that can cause serious health problems. Newborn screening lets doctors diagnose babies quickly and start treatment as soon as possible.

Which Screening Tests Are Offered?

Screening varies by state. Tests offered can change as technology advances and treatments improve. Although there are national recommendations for newborn screening, it is up to each state to decide which tests to include.

Newborn screening includes tests for:

Metabolic problems. Metabolism is the process that converts food into energy the body can use to move, think, and grow. Enzymes are special proteins that help with

metabolismby speeding up the chemical reactions in cells. Most metabolic problems happen when certain enzymes are missing or not working as they should. Metabolic disorders in newborn screening include:

• phenylketonuria (PKU)
• methylmalonic acidemia
• maple syrup urine disease (MSUD)
• tyrosinemia
• citrullinema
• medium chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency

Hormone problems. Hormones are chemical messengers made by glands. Hormone problems happen when glands make too much or not enough hormones. Hormone problems in newborn screening include:

• congenital hypothyroidism
• congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Hemoglobin problems: Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. Some of the hemoglobin problems included in newborn screening are:

• sickle cell disease
• hemoglobin SC disease
• beta thalassemia

Other problems. Other rare but serious medical problems included in newborn screening are:

• galactosemia
• biotidinase deficiency
• cystic fibrosis
• severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
• Pompe disease (glycogen storage disease type II)
• mucopolysaccharidosis type 1
• X-linked adrenoleukodystropy
• spinal muscle atrophy (SMA)

Most states also screen for hearing loss and critical congenital heart disease, which are not done by testing the blood.

Talk to your doctor if you think your baby may need other newborn screening tests not offered through your state program.

How Is Newborn Screening Done?

A small blood sample taken by pricking the baby's heel is tested. This happens before the baby leaves the hospital, usually at 1 or 2 days of age. Talk to your doctor about newborn screening if your baby was not born in a hospital.

The blood sample should be taken after the first 24 hours of life. Some babies are tested within the first 24 hours, though, because sometimes moms and newborns are discharged within 1 day. If this happens, experts recommend taking a repeat sample after the baby is more than 24 hours old. Some states routinely do two tests on all infants.

When Are the Results Ready?

Results of newborn screening for hearing loss and heart disease are available as soon as the test is done.

Blood test results usually are ready by the time a baby is 5–7 days old. Often, parents won't hear about results if screening tests were normal. They are contacted if a test was positive for a condition. A positive newborn screening test does not mean a child definitely has the medical condition. Doctors order more tests to confirm or rule out the diagnosis. Parents can talk to their child's doctor about the newborn screening results.

If a diagnosis is confirmed, doctors might refer the child to a specialist for more testing and treatment. When treatment is needed, it's important to start it as soon as possible. Treatment may include special formula, diet restrictions, supplements, medicines, and close monitoring.

Visit Baby's First Test for more information on newborn screening and to find out which conditions your state checks for.

Blood Test: Complete Blood Count (for Parents)

What Is a Blood Test?

A blood test is when a sample of blood is taken from the body to be tested in a lab. Doctors order blood tests to check things such as the levels of glucose, hemoglobin, or white blood cells. This can help them detect problems like a disease or medical condition. Sometimes, blood tests can help them see how well an organ (such as the liver or kidneys) is working.

What Is a Complete Blood Count?

A complete blood count (CBC) test is a blood test that helps doctors check the level of different types of cells in the blood. A CBC measures:

• red blood cells, which deliver oxygen to the different parts of the body
• white blood cells, which help fight infections
• platelets, which help blood clot to stop bleeding

Why Are CBCs Done?

A CBC can be done as part of a routine checkup to screen for problems or because a child isn't feeling well. The levels of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets can provide doctors with information about possible problems like anemia, infections, inflammation, and other conditions.

How Should We Prepare for a CBC?

Your child should be able to eat and drink normally unless also getting other tests that require fasting beforehand. Tell your doctor about any medicines your child takes because some drugs might affect the test results. Also let the doctor know if your child has had a blood transfusion or smokes. These can affect the CBC.

Wearing a T-shirt or short-sleeved shirt for the test can make things easier for your child, and you also can bring along a toy or book as a distraction.

How Is a CBC Done?

Most blood tests take a small amount of blood from a vein. To do that, a health professional will:

• clean the skin
• put an elastic band (tourniquet) above the area to get the veins to swell with blood
• insert a needle into a vein (usually in the arm inside of the elbow or on the back of the hand) 
• pull the blood sample into a vial or syringe
• take off the elastic band and remove the needle from the vein

In babies, blood draws are sometimes done as a "heel stick collection. " After cleaning the area, the health professional will prick your baby's heel with a tiny needle (or lancet) to collect a small sample of blood.

Collecting a sample of blood is only temporarily uncomfortable and can feel like a quick pinprick.

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Can I Stay With My Child During a CBC?

Parents usually can stay with their child during a blood test. Encourage your child to relax and stay still because tensing muscles can make it harder to draw blood. Your child might want to look away when the needle is inserted and the blood is collected. Help your child to relax by taking slow deep breaths or singing a favorite song.

How Long Does a CBC Take?

Most blood tests take just a few minutes. Occasionally, it can be hard to find a vein so the health professional may need to try more than once.

What Happens After a CBC?

The health professional will remove the elastic band and the needle and cover the area with cotton or a bandage to stop the bleeding. Afterward, there may be some mild bruising, which should go away in a few days.

When Are CBC Results Ready?

Blood samples are processed by a machine, and it may take a few hours to a day for the results to be available. If the test results show signs of a problem, the doctor might order other tests to figure out what the problem is and how to treat it.

Are There Any Risks From CBCs?

A CBC is a safe procedure with minimal risks. Some kids might feel faint or lightheaded from the test. A few kids and teens have a strong fear of needles. If your child is anxious, talk with the doctor before the test about ways to make the procedure easier.

A small bruise or mild soreness around the blood test site is common and can last for a few days. Get medical care for your child if the discomfort gets worse or lasts longer.

If you have questions about the CBC, speak with your doctor or the health professional doing the blood draw.

for children from 0 to 14 years old, find out the prices for a set of tests and take them in Moscow

Available for home visits

within the framework of medical examination;

as directed by a physician if symptoms are present.

Synonyms: Tests for children 0-14 years old.

Healthy child: for children from 0 to 14 years.

Profile composition:

No. 119 Leukocyte formula (differential white blood cell count, leukocyte count, Differential White Blood Cell Count) with blood smear microscopy in the presence of pathological changes

No. 5 Blood test. Complete blood count (without leukocyte formula and ESR) (Complete Blood Count, CBC)

No. 139 ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, ESR)

No. 116 General urinalysis (Urine analysis with sediment microscopy)

General information about the profile “Healthy child: for children from 0 to 14 years old”

Preventive examinations are the key to a healthy future not only for adults, but also for children. Regular medical examinations and laboratory tests enable the doctor to get an idea of ​​the child's health, identify changes in the functioning of organs and body systems, and, if necessary, take measures to correct deviations.

The set of tests includes basic indicators and allows you to assess the general state of health of the child, including when returning to kindergarten or school after the holidays, as well as prescribed by a doctor if there are any symptoms. The profile is suitable for the study of children aged 0 to 14 years.

The specifics of using tests of the “Healthy child: for children from 0 to 14 years old” profile

Complete blood count, leukocyte count and ESR are one of the most common laboratory tests that help identify signs of inflammation, hematological disorders, anemia pr.

General analysis of urine includes determination of physical and chemical properties, assessment of the qualitative and quantitative composition of urinary sediment elements. The analysis is used to assess the function of the kidneys and urinary tract.

What is the purpose of the study "Healthy child: for children from 0 to 14 years old"

General clinical screening tests are intended for dispensary examination of children.

What can influence the result of the study "Healthy child: for children from 0 to 14 years"

Violation of the study preparation rules may affect test results.

Test material

See relevant tests.

Method of determination

See relevant tests.

Units

See relevant tests.

Reference values ​​

See relevant tests.

Interpretation of results

Interpretation of test results contains information for the attending physician and is not a diagnosis. The information in this section should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. An accurate diagnosis is made by the doctor, using both the results of this examination and the necessary information from other sources: anamnesis, results of other examinations, etc. .relevant tests.