Publication date: 10/01/2019

Molars or large chewing teeth are the largest dental units located on the upper and lower jaws on the left and right sides. They are designed for chewing and grinding food. The last molar in each dentition is the wisdom tooth, which can erupt at any age or not erupt at all. In an adult in the oral cavity, from 8 to 12 molars, when in preschool children - 8.

When do molars erupt?

Molars are the last teeth that erupt in the lower and upper dentition of a child. As a rule, the first units appear on the lower jaw at the age of 12-18 months, a month later the molars erupt on the upper row as well. The second molars are shown in a child aged 24-30 months.

Replacing the primary molars of the lower jaw takes place at the age of 6-8 years. In place of the upper units, molars grow only by the age of 9-12. However, these are average figures, they may vary depending on individual characteristics. nine0003

Timing of eruption depends on the following factors :

• hereditary predisposition;
• general health of the child;
• congenital features;
• climatic conditions of residence;
• nature of food;
• gender of the child.

Features of molars

Large molars differ from other groups not only in external characteristics, but also have other features :

• are the largest units in each arch;
• have the largest chewing surface;
• have a powerful root system;
• upper molars slightly larger than those of the lower jaw;
• have a stronger surface finish;
• are able to withstand weight up to 75 kg;
• upper molars have 4-6 canals while lower units generally have only 3 canals;
• maxillary molars have 3 roots (palatal, bucco-medial, bucco-distal), rarely 4; nine0018
• chewing teeth of the lower jaw have only 2 roots;
• wisdom teeth are the very last molars, which may appear by the age of 50 or not erupt at all;
• the last molars are very often located not in the masticatory arch, that is, they can grow horizontally or with a slight inclination, located buccally or towards the tongue or palate;
• wisdom teeth have 1 to 5 masticatory cusps;
• the last molars often have a complex root configuration (curvature, fusion). nine0018

All this entails the peculiarities of the treatment of such teeth. The presence of a large number of complex root canals, as well as difficult access compared to other groups of teeth, requires highly qualified doctors and modern equipment for quality therapy.

Molars are considered the heaviest units in dental treatment practice, especially wisdom teeth. Proper care and regular preventive examinations will help maintain their health. When the first signs of damage to the molars appear, we recommend that you immediately sign up for a consultation with our dentistry "KAS +". Timely detection of problems with teeth guarantees their high-quality treatment with minimal risk and long life. nine0003

Molar | it's... What is a Molar?

InterpretationTranslation

Molar

Tooth structure

Tooth is an organ primarily used for the primary mechanical processing of food. In animals it is also used as a weapon for defense and attack. In humans, it is also involved in the formation of speech sounds. Inside the tooth is a connective tissue, permeated with nerves and blood vessels (pulp). There are milk and permanent teeth. The normal number of teeth in an adult is 32. Of these, 8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 small molars and 12 large molars. In children milk teeth begin to erupt at the age of 6 months to a year. Between the ages of 6 and 12, milk teeth are gradually replaced by permanent ones. There are only 20 milk teeth: 8 incisors, 4 canines and 8 molars.

Contents 1 Tooth structure 2 Teeth functions 3 Tooth development 4 Diseases of the teeth 5 See also 6 Literature 7 Links

Tooth structure

A tooth is an organ located in the alveolar process of the jaw, which consists of a series of hard tissues (such as tooth enamel, dentin, cementum) and soft tissues (tooth pulp). Anatomically, there is a crown of the tooth (the part of the tooth protruding above the gum), the root of the tooth (the part of the tooth located deep in the alveolus, covered by the gum) and the neck of the tooth - the area with the thinnest enamel, which is the transition region of the crown to the root of the tooth. Inside the tooth there is a cavity, which consists of the so-called pulp chamber and the root canal of the tooth. Through a special hole in the top of the tooth, arteries enter the tooth, which deliver all the necessary substances, veins, as well as nerves that innervate the tooth. nine0003

Orthopantomogram of teeth

X-ray (from left to right) of the third, second and first molars in various stages of development

Tooth structure

Functions of teeth

According to the main function, the teeth are divided into 4 types:

• Incisors - the front teeth, which are the first to erupt in children, are used to grasp and cut food
• Canine teeth - conical teeth used to tear and hold food
• Premolars (premolars or small molars)
• Molars (molars) - back teeth used for grinding food, have three roots on the upper jaw and two roots on the lower jaw

Tooth development

Head stage

Beginning of the bell stage

Diseases of the teeth

• Caries
• Pulpitis
• Periodontitis
• Periodontitis
• Tartar

See also

• Wisdom tooth
• Dental formula
• Tooth Fairy
• Dental care

Literature

1.

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