What does the tissue look like when having a miscarriage
Miscarriage - what you might actually see and feel
Miscarriage - what you might actually see and feel | Pregnancy Birth and Baby beginning of content7-minute read
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WARNING — This article contains some graphic descriptions of what you might see during a miscarriage.
A miscarriage requires prompt medical care. If you think you are having a miscarriage, call your doctor or midwife for advice and support. Go to the Emergency Department if:
- you are bleeding very heavily (soaking more than 2 pads per hour or passing clots larger than golf balls)
- you have severe pain in your tummy or shoulder
- you have a fever (a temperature above 38 degrees C)
- you are dizzy, fainting or feel like fainting
- you notice fluid coming from your vagina that smells bad
- you have diarrhoea or pain when you have a bowel motion (do a poo)
Miscarriage is a very unfortunate and sad outcome of pregnancy that takes a significant emotional and physical toll on a woman. It also happens more frequently than many people think. It's important to recognise that there's no right or wrong way to feel about a miscarriage.
Despite close to one in 5 pregnancies ending in miscarriage, what actually happens and what a woman needs to know and do when faced with a possible miscarriage are subjects that rarely get discussed.
This article aims to give you an idea of what happens and what a woman needs to know and do at different stages in her pregnancy.
Please call Pregnancy, Birth and Baby on 1800 882 436 if you have any concerns or wish to discuss the topic further.
What might I feel during a miscarriage?
Many women have a miscarriage early in their pregnancy without even realising it. They may just think they are having a heavy period. If this happens to you, you might have cramping, heavier bleeding than normal, pain in the tummy, pelvis or back, and feel weak. If you have started spotting, remember that this is normal in many pregnancies — but talk to your doctor or midwife to be safe and for your own peace of mind.
Later in your pregnancy, you might notice signs like cramping pain, bleeding or passing fluid and blood clots from your vagina. Depending on how many weeks pregnant you are, you may pass tissue that looks more like a fetus, or a fully-formed baby.
In some types of miscarriage, you might not have any symptoms at all — the miscarriage might not be discovered until your next ultrasound. Or you might just notice your morning sickness and breast tenderness have gone.
It is normal to feel very emotional and upset when you realise you’re having a miscarriage. It can take a while to process what is happening. Make sure you have someone with you, for support, and try to be kind to yourself.
What happens during a miscarriage?
Unfortunately, nothing can be done to stop a miscarriage once it has started. Any treatment is to prevent heavy bleeding or an infection.
Your doctor might advise you that no treatment is necessary. This is called 'expectant management', and you just wait to see what will happen. Eventually, the pregnancy tissue (the fetus or baby, pregnancy sac and placenta) will pass naturally. This can take a few days or as long as 3 to 4 weeks.
It can be very hard emotionally to wait for the miscarriage because you don’t know when it will happen. When it starts, you will notice spotting and cramping and then, fairly quickly, you will start bleeding heavily. The cramps will get worse until they feel like contractions, and you will pass the pregnancy tissue.
Some women opt to have medicine to speed up the process. In this case, the pregnancy tissue is likely to pass within a few hours.
If not all the tissue passes naturally or you have signs of infection, you may need to have a small operation called a ‘dilatation and curettage’ (D&C). You may need to wait some time for your hospital appointment. The operation only takes 5 to 10 minutes under general anaesthetic, and you will be able to go home the same day.
While you are waiting for a miscarriage to finish, it’s best to rest at home — but you can go to work if you feel up to it. Do what feels right for you. You can use paracetamol for any pain. If you are bleeding, use sanitary pads rather than tampons.
What might I see during a miscarriage?
In the first month of pregnancy, the developing embryo is the size of a grain of rice so it is very hard to see. You may pass a blood clot or several clots from your vagina, and there may be some white or grey tissue in the clots. The bleeding will settle down in a few days, although it can take up to 2 weeks.
At 6 weeks
Most women can’t see anything recognisable when they have a miscarriage at this time. During the bleeding, you may see clots with a small sac filled with fluid. The embryo, which is about the size of the fingernail on your little finger, and a placenta might be seen inside the sac. You might also notice something that looks like an umbilical cord.
At 8 weeks
The tissue you pass may look dark red and shiny — some women describe it as looking like liver. You might find a sac with an embryo inside, about the size of a small bean. If you look closely, you might be able to see where the eyes, arms and legs were forming.
At 10 weeks
The clots that are passed are dark red and look like jelly. They might have what looks like a membrane inside, which is part of the placenta. The sac will be inside one of the clots. At this time, the developing baby is usually fully formed but still tiny and difficult to see.
At 12 to 16 weeks
If you miscarry now, you might notice water coming out of your vagina first, followed by some bleeding and clots. The fetus will be tiny and fully formed. If you see the baby it might be outside the sac by now. It might also be attached to the umbilical cord and the placenta.
From 16 to 20 weeks
This is often called a 'late miscarriage'. You might pass large shiny red clots that look like liver as well as other pieces of tissue that look and feel like membrane. It might be painful and feel just like labour, and you might need pain relief in hospital. Your baby will be fully formed and can fit on the palm of your hand.
After the miscarriage
You will have some cramping pain and bleeding after the miscarriage, similar to a period. It will gradually get lighter and will usually stop within 2 weeks.
The signs of your pregnancy, such as nausea and tender breasts, will fade in the days after the miscarriage. If you had a late miscarriage, your breasts might produce some milk. You will probably have your next period in 4 to 6 weeks.
Remember, it’ll be normal to feel very emotional and upset at this time.
More information
Read more about miscarriage:
- What is a miscarriage?
- What happens after a miscarriage
- Emotional support after miscarriage
- Fathers and miscarriage
- Experiencing a pregnancy loss
Speak to a maternal child health nurse
Call Pregnancy, Birth and Baby to speak to a maternal child health nurse on 1800 882 436 or video call. Available 7am to midnight (AET), 7 days a week.
Sources:
KidsHealth (Understanding miscarriage), The Royal Women's Hospital (Treating miscarriage), Pink Elephants Support Network (Sorry for your loss), Women’s and Children’s Health Network (Miscarriage), Patient.com (Miscarriage and bleeding in early pregnancy), Pink Elephants Support Network (Treatments and procedures), New Kids Center (Blood Clots of Miscarriage: What It Looks Like?), Babycenter Australia (Understanding late miscarriage)Learn more here about the development and quality assurance of healthdirect content.
Last reviewed: March 2022
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Related pages
- Fathers and miscarriage
- Emotional support after miscarriage
- What happens after miscarriage
- Miscarriage
- Experiencing a pregnancy loss
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What does a miscarriage look like? Symptoms and seeking help
Miscarriage, or pregnancy loss, can look and feel different for each person. Common symptoms include bleeding and cramping.
It is important to note that bleeding is common during pregnancy — especially in early pregnancy. It does not necessarily mean that anything is wrong.
The only way to accurately identify a pregnancy loss is to test pregnancy hormone levels and have an ultrasound of the uterus.
Read on to learn more about what pregnancy loss can look and feel like.
According to a 2016 study, not all pregnancy losses involve bleeding. Overall, they do not follow a single pattern. This is why it is crucial to seek medical care for bleeding and any unusual symptoms during pregnancy.
Pregnancy loss during the first trimester may involve:
- heavy bleeding
- bleeding that starts light and gets heavier
- passing blood clots or tissue
- cramping, which may come in waves
- a gush of fluid from the vagina
If a person takes a pregnancy test after experiencing a pregnancy loss during the first trimester, the result may be negative, or the test may have a positive line that gets fainter.
Experiencing pregnancy loss later in the first trimester and beyond will involve passing more tissue.
Second-trimester pregnancy loss can also cause intense cramping and sometimes even contractions.
In addition to bleeding and cramping, some people may notice larger blood clots.
According to a 2019 meta-analysis, one-quarter of pregnant women experience bleeding during the first trimester. Another study from 2016 puts that percentage higher, at closer to 20–40%.
A large-scale 2010 study found that about 12% of pregnant women experienced pregnancy loss, and about two-thirds of that group reported bleeding during their pregnancy.
Some differences between bleeding due to a pregnancy loss and other types of bleeding during pregnancy include:
- Amount of blood: Heavy bleeding is more likely to signal a pregnancy loss.
- Bleeding pattern: Bleeding that gets progressively heavier may indicate a pregnancy loss.
- Pain: Cramping, especially when it occurs in a clear pattern, is more likely to signal a pregnancy loss.
- Passing tissue: Some — not all — people who experience a pregnancy loss pass large blood clots or tissue.
For people who do experience bleeding during a pregnancy loss, the duration tends to depend on how far the pregnancy has progressed.
Pregnancy losses that occur in the first weeks of pregnancy tend to cause bleeding that lasts a few days. Those that occur later may cause bleeding that lasts for as long as 4 weeks.
Sometimes, the bleeding stops and starts again. Over time, it should get lighter.
A very early pregnancy loss is sometimes called a chemical pregnancy. These pregnancies are lost shortly after the embryo implants, usually within a few days or weeks.
A chemical pregnancy may be detectable by a pregnancy test, but it would likely not be seen on an ultrasound.
In many cases, early pregnancy losses can happen before a person knows they are pregnant.
In fact, around 80% of early pregnancy losses occur in the first trimester, or in weeks 0–13. The end of these early pregnancies may be mistaken for a period because the symptoms are similar.
For example, both a period and an early pregnancy loss can involve bleeding and cramping. Pregnancy tissue that passes out of the vagina may look like typical blood clots that occur during a period.
It is possible that a person will not realize they have missed a period. Instead, they may mistake the symptoms of a pregnancy loss for those of a menstrual period.
Pregnancy losses and periods can both cause:
- vaginal bleeding
- passing blood clots or tissue
- abdominal pain
However, a pregnancy loss will often cause additional symptoms that set it apart from a period, especially if the pregnancy loss occurs several weeks into the pregnancy. These symptoms include:
- larger clots or pregnancy loss tissue
- more clots than typical periods
- lower abdominal cramping
- back pain
- passing a significant amount of clear or pinkish fluid
- sudden heavy bleeding, or heavier bleeding than a typical period
- longer bleeding
- sudden easing of some early pregnancy symptoms, such as nausea and breast tenderness
It is important to remember that bleeding during the first weeks of a pregnancy is not uncommon, and it is not always a sign of pregnancy loss or a problem with a pregnancy.
However, if a person experiences other symptoms of pregnancy loss, they should seek care from a doctor.
A “missed miscarriage” refers to a delay between the loss of the pregnancy and any bleeding or passing of tissue.
During a missed miscarriage, an embryo dies but does not leave the uterus for several weeks. In fact, a pregnant person may not realize the pregnancy has ended until an ultrasound finds no heartbeat.
When the embryo does leave the uterus, the blood, tissue, and clots may be dark brown. The tissue has had time to deteriorate, so bright red blood or heavy bleeding may not occur. The bleeding may last several days to several weeks.
A doctor may prescribe medication to help the person who has had the pregnancy loss bleed and pass the tissue. Surgery may also be necessary.
It is not possible for healthcare professionals to stop a pregnancy loss once it starts.
Call a doctor and schedule an appointment within 24 hours if any of the following occur:
- vaginal bleeding
- a fever
- intense pain or cramping
- bleeding that stops and starts again
- any other changes in the pattern of bleeding, even if a doctor has already addressed the cause
- bleeding that lasts for longer than 7 days, even if a doctor has already confirmed pregnancy loss
Pregnant people should receive emergency medical attention if they:
- experience heavy bleeding during the second trimester and cannot reach their doctor
- bleed heavily enough to soak through more than one pad per hour for more than 2 hours
- feel faint, lightheaded, or confused
- experience contractions, amniotic fluid leakage, the water breaking, or other signs of premature labor
Most pregnancy losses pass on their own.
In some cases, the fetus dies without causing any bleeding. When this happens, the person carrying the fetus may want to wait for the pregnancy to pass on its own or want it to be over as quickly as possible.
If a person wants to expedite a pregnancy loss, a doctor can supply medication that helps with passing the pregnancy at home. This approach is safest during early pregnancy.
A healthcare professional can also perform surgery to remove the remains of the embryo or fetus.
Sometimes a pregnancy loss is incomplete, leaving behind tissue that can lead to infection or other health problems. When this happens, a doctor may recommend medication or surgery.
Doctors used to advise couples to wait 1 month, or sometimes much longer, before trying to conceive again after a pregnancy loss.
However, research now shows that there is no medical justification for this recommendation. If a couple feels ready, it is safe to begin trying to conceive again right away.
A 2017 study indicates that fertility may even be slightly higher immediately following a pregnancy loss.
Sometimes, however, it takes a while for a menstruating person’s cycle to resume following a pregnancy loss.
This can make it difficult to time sexual intercourse for conception and to accurately date a pregnancy — especially if a person becomes pregnant before the first menstrual period after a pregnancy loss.
To improve accuracy, it can be helpful to:
- monitor basal body temperature
- use ovulation tests
- try other ways to predict fertility
Early pregnancy losses can sometimes result from chromosomal irregularities. This means that the developing embryo or fetus has an irregular number of chromosomes.
These irregularities usually occur at random, meaning they are unlikely to reoccur. In other words, experiencing one pregnancy loss does not increase the likelihood of experiencing another.
A 2017 study finds that 15. 7% of women with a previous pregnancy loss had another during the 2-year study period.
Meanwhile, a 2016 study finds that women were more likely to become pregnant in the 3 months following a pregnancy loss.
Many people become pregnant again shortly after a pregnancy loss, and a smaller number experience multiple losses in a row.
The risk of repeat pregnancy losses increases with age, according to a 2019 study. The risk is also higher among people with a history of:
- preterm labor
- gestational diabetes
- stillbirth
- cesarean delivery
A 2017 study found that 15.7% of participants whose most recent pregnancy ended in a pregnancy loss went on to have a second pregnancy loss.
A 2018 study focused on women who had three or more pregnancy losses. This study found that 64.5% of those women had a live birth within 5 years. Some of these participants may have received fertility treatments.
Pregnancy loss is one of the less common causes of bleeding during pregnancy, especially when the bleeding occurs early on.
But bleeding in early pregnancy is not always a sign of pregnancy loss.
Some other signs of pregnancy loss include cramping and passing blood clots or tissue.
Only a healthcare professional can accurately identify a pregnancy loss. For this reason, it is important to consult a doctor or nurse midwife about any bleeding during pregnancy.
What does an early miscarriage look like?
Bleeding is common in the early weeks of pregnancy. That is why bleeding alone should not be seen as an indication of an early pregnancy loss.
In addition to bleeding, an early pregnancy loss may cause a person to experience:
- a gush of clear or pale pink fluid from the vagina
- passing blood clots or tissue
- a sudden decrease in pregnancy symptoms (such as nausea and morning sickness)
- a negative result on a pregnancy test, or a positive sign that is very faint
How do I know if I’m miscarrying?
The signs and symptoms of a pregnancy loss will remain largely the same, no matter the week. But the further along a person is, the greater the amount of tissue loss during the miscarriage.
Symptoms of pregnancy loss include:
- sudden bleeding, sometimes heavy
- a gush of clear or pink fluid from the vagina
- mild to severe back pain and abdominal cramping
- contraction-like pain
What does miscarriage tissue look like?
The clots and tissue passed during a pregnancy loss may look like typical period clots, or they may be larger.
Pregnancy loss tissue includes:
- the fetus or embryo
- gestational sac
- placenta
When a pregnancy is more advanced (after 6 to 8 weeks), the gestational sac may be noticeable. Before that, it may be too small to see.
The tissue passed during a pregnancy loss may be:
- brown
- black
- dark red
- bright red or pink
- white or gray, in some cases
If the pregnancy began to deteriorate before the start of bleeding, the clots may be smaller and darker. This is common with a missed miscarriage.
What does miscarriage tissue vs. a blood clot look like?
It is not always easy to tell the difference between pregnancy loss tissue and a blood clot. Both may look like typical period clots, though it is not uncommon for them to be larger than normal.
Actual pregnancy tissue may not be discernible until after the eighth week. Then, the tissue may look like pink, white, or gray tissue. A person may also be able to see a fluid-filled sac in the passed tissue.
Miscarriage, symptoms - Health Clinic 365 Yekaterinburg
Causes of miscarriage
Questions to the doctor about miscarriage
Diagnosis of miscarriage
Treatment and prevention of miscarriage
According to statistics, 10 to 20% of all pregnancies end in miscarriage. However, the real numbers could be much higher, as a large number of miscarriages happen very early, and women are not even aware of their pregnancy. Most miscarriages happen due to abnormal development of the fetus. nine0003 Miscarriage is quite common, but this fact does not make things any easier. It is always difficult to cope with the realization that there was a pregnancy, but no child. Try to deal with the situation psychologically and understand what could be causing the miscarriage, what increases the risk of it, and what type of treatment might be needed. Miscarriage symptoms . Most miscarriages occur before 12 weeks. Signs and symptoms of a miscarriage include: It is important to consider the fact that in early pregnancy, spotting or vaginal bleeding is quite common. In most cases, women who experience light bleeding during the first three months have an uneventful pregnancy thereafter. In some cases, even with heavy bleeding, the pregnancy does not end in a miscarriage. nine0003 Some women who have a miscarriage develop an infection in the uterus. This infection, also called septic miscarriage, can cause: When to see a doctor. Call your doctor if: You can put a piece of tissue to be isolated in a clean container and take it to your doctor for examination. It is unlikely that the study will give any accurate results, but if it is determined that the fragments of the excreted tissue are from the placenta, the doctor will be able to conclude that the symptoms that appear are not associated with the presence of a tubal (ectopic) pregnancy. nine0003 You can get more detailed information about miscarriage from the gynecologists of the Health 365 clinic in Yekaterinburg. Gynecologist, initial appointment 2300 i Sometimes it happens that a pregnancy ends in a miscarriage. It's unpleasant and painful. But why is this happening and how to avoid such situations in the future? Find out more about this later. nine0003 Early miscarriage is the death of an embryo or fetus in the womb before the 22nd week of pregnancy. It is usually caused by genetic breakdowns, pathologies, injuries or stress. Such a nuisance is quite common and approximately 15-20% of all successful conceptions can end in miscarriage. To understand what's going on, you need to understand what a miscarriage looks like. The most common symptom is profuse bleeding with clots. Sometimes they can be mild at first, and then quite large. You should monitor your condition and if at least a slight bleeding has begun, you should immediately consult a doctor. nine0003 Sometimes a miscarriage can start suddenly. But it happens that before this there may be small pulling pains in the lower abdomen, lower back, smearing brown discharge. Women may not immediately realize that they have a miscarriage. Especially if the delay is only a few days, and the test was not done, then you might think that your period just started. But usually a woman who already knows about her pregnancy remembers how a spontaneous miscarriage occurs forever. In most cases, this is profuse bleeding with blood clots, mucus and severe pain in the abdomen. If you do not immediately take action, you may experience chills, fever, the skin will become pale. The patient may even lose consciousness. If a woman does not immediately see a doctor or call an ambulance, she may even die from blood loss, as sometimes such bleeding is incredibly serious. nine0003 Spontaneous miscarriage can also have symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, frequent urination, dizziness, weakness, Why does it happen that a miscarriage occurs? Here you can name many reasons, but in each case, studies are carried out, the patient takes tests. The causes of spontaneous abortion may be as follows in the first trimester: But besides this, there may be many other specific reasons that are individual for each woman. For example, hard physical work, activities in hazardous enterprises, severe stress and anxiety can also cause spontaneous abortion. The threat of spontaneous miscarriage occurs in many women, but not everyone can have an abortion. Much depends on the state of health, immunity, even emotional state. There are several types of spontaneous abortions: Some other types can also be distinguished: Also, such miscarriages can be divided into several types: Spontaneous abortion can happen to every woman. But there are certain risk factors that by themselves cannot cause a miscarriage, but can be provocateurs: In order to accurately understand that a spontaneous abortion has occurred, it is necessary to correctly diagnose it. To do this, you should: If such miscarriages occur frequently, the cause must be investigated. To do this, conduct a variety of studies, consultations with geneticists, endocrinologists and other specialists. How to treat spontaneous miscarriage depends on the type of miscarriage. If it is threatening and has begun, then the following should be done: In any case, abortion should not be left to chance, it is necessary to consult a doctor who will choose the treatment tactics. Spontaneous miscarriage in early pregnancy usually carries certain risks. The consequences of spontaneous miscarriage can be different: Usually, if the patient has received quality medical care, there are practically no complications. After about 10 days, the bleeding stops, and after 4 weeks, the woman begins her regular menstruation. Pregnancy after spontaneous miscarriage can occur and be quite successful. But first you need to establish the cause of the abortion. If these are genetic problems, endocrine pathologies, troubles with the blood or uterus, then special treatment is necessary. But there are general recommendations that will help reduce the risk of miscarriages: Spontaneous abortion is an unpleasant phenomenon that can happen to every woman. But it is necessary to carry out the treatment correctly and consult a doctor in time. In addition, preventive measures should be taken.
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What is a spontaneous miscarriage and how it happens
What is it?
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What can cause an early miscarriage?
What types of miscarriage can there be? nine0077
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Diagnosing a miscarriage
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