How often should child care facilities conduct fire drills

CFOC Standards Database | National Resource Center

9.2.4.5: Emergency and Evacuation Drills Policy

Content in the STANDARD was modified on 03/22/2022.

Early care and education programs should have a written policy listing the drills they’ll practice in case of natural disasters, and emergencies caused by people. Programs should practice drills that are relevant to their local region or based on recently reported emergencies. The drills should prepare staff and children to respond appropriately to:^1–4

• Evacuation emergencies: a perceived or real hazard or threat (e.g., bomb threat, fire, flood, gas leak, chemical spill) requires leaving the building or area
• Shelter-in-place emergencies: a perceived or real hazard or threat  (e.g., tornado, earthquake) requires finding a safe place to stay temporarily
• Lockdown emergencies: a perceived or real hazard or threat in the building (e.g., violent or hostile intruder) requires being locked inside classrooms
• Lockout emergencies: a perceived or real hazard or threat outside the building (e. g., dangerous person reported in the area; threatening animals) requires children and staff who are outside to be brought inside (which is known as a reverse evacuation) and the building to be secured
  

Teachers and staff should practice these plans and drills on a set schedule. Programs should not include children in drills that are very intense or frightening, such as those acting out injuries or an intrusion. To develop their policies, programs should follow local and state licensing regulations for drills. Programs also should ask experts in the community about preparing for emergencies (e.g., how to plan drills). These experts include fire officials, law enforcement officials, emergency response personnel, health care providers, and infant and early childhood mental health and child care health consultants.

The written policy should include:

• The types of emergencies the program is likely to have and suitable drills for each emergency (including instructions for that type of drill)
• How often to practice these drills
  • Drills are a priority and should be practiced often.
• Limiting children to drills they are developmentally ready for (e.g., excluding them from very intense drills that realistically simulate hostile or harmful events)
• Including children with special health care needs and disabilities in drills to determine if accommodations are needed
  • Each child’s individual health plan, medications, and equipment should be evacuated with them.
• The importance of practicing drills at different times, including nap time and during different activities, and from all exits
• Using the daily roster during the drill to account for all children. Refer to Standard 9.2.4.6: Use of Daily Roster During Evacuation Drills.
  • Plans for moving children, including infants and children with special health care needs or disabilities, from areas of potential danger⁵
• How to notify staff, children, and families before a drill⁶
• Importance of:
  • The staff being alert to signs of psychological distress in children during and after drills
  • The staff modeling calm behavior during drills
  • Children learning safety skills (e. g., how to stay quiet and how to follow instructions)
• Documenting all drill practices, as described in Standard 9.4.1.16: Evacuation and Shelter-In-Place Drill Record 

Written policies that require practicing routine drills will help early care and education programs respond well to natural disasters or events caused by people, and remain safe.7 Some drills for emergencies caused by natural disasters (e.g., coastal flooding, wildfires) may need more frequent practice. Also, the turnover of staff and children, and children’s changing developmental abilities, require scheduling regular drills. When conducted with care and notice, drills increase skills and minimize unnecessary, but significant, distress and psychological harm.¹ For example, it is not appropriate to include children in very intense drills, such as drills with:

• An injured adult
• A shooter and real weapons
• Simulated gunfire, or blanks
• Realistic images of wounds or injuries
• Aggressive re-enactments; or other simulations of attacks^1,6

However, it may be appropriate for only staff to participate in these types of drills. ⁸

In developing written policies and plans, it is important to get help from first responders, and local fire and police departments. These public safety experts not only advise programs, but they can observe drills. Plans will be different depending on the emergency (i.e., natural and environmental disasters, shooters, chemical exposures, etc.) and can include locking doors, turning off lights, keeping quiet, turning off ventilation systems, gathering in rooms that are windowless or in the basement, etc.

Emergency personnel also get to know the program and its plans in case they must respond to the site. Fire department officials and inspectors may advise, improve, and certify a safe evacuation plan, including routes, specific number of minutes, and other procedures. For example, in family child care homes, the infant rooms or napping areas might be on levels other than the main level. This makes it especially important that the fire inspector or fire department representative approve (in writing) the program’s evacuation plan.

Health and mental health professionals can help staff remain calm during drills. They also may help staff prepare for and lessen psychological effects, encourage children and families to be prepared and resilient, and ensure that children’s needs (including infant, mobility, and special health care needs) are addressed.⁹ Advice from these professionals can make sure accommodations are based on children’s unique vulnerabilities and the program’s environment and layout.¹ For example, they may advise programs to use wheeled cribs or other equipment to evacuate infants, children who are immobile, and other children with special health care needs or disabilities, if rolling is possible on the evacuation route(s).⁶

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

California Childcare Health Program, Sample Emergency Disaster Drills

https://cchp.ucsf.edu/content/sample-emergency-disaster-drills

National Association of School Psychologists. National Association of School Resource Officers.

Best Practice Considerations for Armed Assailant Drills

Center, Early Head Start, Head Start, Large Family Child Care Home, Small Family Child Care Home

5.4.5.2 Cribs
9.2.4.1 Written Plan and Training for Handling Urgent Medical or Threatening Incidents
9.2.4.3 Disaster Planning, Training, and Communication
9.2.4.6 Use of Daily Roster During Evacuation Drills
9.4.1.16 Evacuation and Shelter-In-Place Drill Record

1. Schonfeld DJ, Hashikawa AN, Melzer-Lange M, Gorski PA; AAP Council on Children and Disasters; Council on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention; Council on School Health. Participation of children and adolescents in live crisis drills and exercises. Pediatrics. 2020;146(3):e2020015503

2. American Academy of Pediatrics. School Safety During an Emergency or Crisis: What Parents Need to Know. HealthyChildren.org Web site. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/safety-prevention/all-around/Pages/Actions-Schools-Are-Taking-to-Make-Themselves-Safer.aspx. Updated April 2021. Accessed February 15, 2022.

3. North Dakota Department of Public Instruction. Lockdown Drills. ED.gov Web site. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED524982.pdf. Accessed February 15, 2022.

4. Department of Homeland Security. Planning Considerations: Evacuation and Shelter-in-Place Guidance for State, Local, Tribal, and Territorial Partners. Published July 2019. FEMA.gov Web site. https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/2020-07/planning-considerations-evacuation-and-shelter-in-place.pdf. Accessed February 15, 2022.

5. U.S. General Services Administration. Sample Child Care Evacuation Plan. Reviewed October 11, 2018. GSA.gov Web site. https://www.gsa.gov/resources-for/citizens-consumers/child-care/child-care-services/for-professionals-providers/emergency-management/sample-child-care-evacuation-plan. Accessed February 15, 2022.

6. Schonfeld DJ, Rossen E, Woodard D. Deception in schools — when crisis preparedness efforts go too far. JAMA Pediatr. 2017;171(11):1033–1034.

7. State Capacity Building Center, Office of Child Care, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services Administration for Children and Families. Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Recovery: Hostile Intruders. How Do States and Territories Plan For and Respond to Hostile Intruder Incidents? HHS.gov Web site. https://childcareta.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/public/hostile_intruder_0.pdf. Published September 2017. Accessed February 15, 2022.

8. National Center on Early Childhood Health and Wellness, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Administration for Children and Families Office of Head Start. Emergency Preparedness Manual for Early Childhood Programs. 2020 Edition. HHS.gov Web site. https://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/emergency-preparedness-manual-early-childhood-programs.pdf. Accessed February 15, 2022. 

9. Needle S, Wright J, Disaster Preparedness Advisory Council, Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine. Ensuring the health of children in disasters. Pediatrics. 2015;136(5). https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/136/5/e1407/33847/Ensuring-the-Health-of-Children-in-Disasters

Content in the STANDARD was modified on 03/22/2022.

Important Safety Drills For Child Care Providers

Safety is every child care professional's top priority. Unfortunately, many child care facilities don't take the steps they need to take to ensure safety. 

69 million children attend a child care or school facility. However, 41 percent of parents don't know where their children evacuate to during an emergency. Nearly 80 percent of recommendations from national commissions on child safety have gone unfulfilled.

It is absolutely essential to have safety drills for child care providers. But many providers don't know where to start.

Break down the kinds of drills you need. Then conceive of a comprehensive emergency disaster plan. Here is your quick guide. 

Emergency and Evacuation Drills

The National Resource Center for Health and Safety sets guidelines for evacuation drills. They require every child care and education program to have a written policy covering all potential emergencies.

While emergency preparedness is important, you do not want to traumatize children. Tell them that the odds that they will be in a fire or flood are low.

But tell them it is important to have a plan. Give clear details to them on what to do. This will increase their confidence and sense of control. 

Evacuation Emergencies

Evacuation emergencies involve evacuating out of the building. It is safe to move outside, and the building itself may pose a danger to the people inside.

The most common evacuation emergency is a fire. Even a small fire can produce lethal smoke.

It is important to practice multiple fire scenarios. Many fire drills involve a fire that occurs in a hallway or in another part of a building. But people should also practice evacuating from a fire that occurs in their room.

Floods can occur when water from outside flows in. Schools along shorelines should practice for such an event. But they can also occur when a water line or pipe breaks.

A gas leak or chemical spill may be invisible. A person may only detect the odor of a chemical.

But either gas or chemicals can cause a fire or explosion that can prove fatal. Children should be advised on how to evacuate. 

Shelter-in-Place Emergencies

Shelter-in-place emergencies occur when a threat is outside the building. Adults and children remain in their rooms, or they head to a safe spot somewhere inside.

Tornadoes can create devastating winds and throw debris that can destroy walls and entire rooms. If your building is in a tornado zone, you should have a basement or low-lying area where people can gather. Practice moving through the building while avoiding windows.

Earthquakes can topple walls and knock objects down. People should practice dropping to the floor and moving under a sturdy object like a desk.

A threatening person can appear outside a building. People should practice backing away from windows and turning off the lights.

Tornadoes can create devastating winds and throw debris that can destroy walls and entire rooms. If your building is in a tornado zone, you should have a basement or low-lying area where people can gather. Practice moving through the building while avoiding windows.
Earthquakes can topple walls and knock objects down. People should practice dropping to the floor and moving under a sturdy object like a desk.

A threatening person can appear outside a building. People should practice backing away from windows and turning off the lights. 

Lockdown Emergencies

Lockdown emergencies occur when a threat is inside the building. In addition to remaining in rooms, inhabitants must lock the doors and place up a barricade.

Intruders can enter a building at any time. Doors to all rooms should have locks. If an intruder tries to enter a room, the adults should do whatever they must to keep the children safe.

Dangerous animals are less common than intruders. Yet a bite from an animal can cause blood loss and infectious diseases. Like with an intruder, adults should lock doors and keep the animal from getting inside. 

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Develop An Emergency Disaster Plan

An emergency disaster plan serves as the foundation for your evacuation drills. It delegates responsibilities and provides resources that cover any emergency. There are several factors you should consider when developing one.

You must practice your safety drills on a regular basis. The ideal is every month.

Try to have the drills be a little unpredictable. Vary the days on which you have them. Children may not take them seriously if they can see them ahead of time.

For evacuation emergencies, choose a safe meeting spot outside of your center. Tell all children and adults to head there. It can be interior or exterior, but it must be a location that everyone can reach.

You should compile information on all children at your center. Include their name, physical appearance, and contact information for their families. Make sure you know how to contact parents effectively.

Attendance records should be available to all staffers. It is essential to know who is in your building at all times.

Collect emergency supplies like first-aid kits and blankets. You should also ask parents to give their children a small kit. If a child has a medical condition, the kit should include medications like EpiPens.

Everyone should know what the plan is. Staffers should attend a mandatory seminar educating them on all of these details. You should give them a guide on protecting children during emergencies that they can take home.

Children should have their own seminars. Safety information should be available within classrooms so they can review what to do.

Consult with local emergency responders on your plan. Take their advice into consideration. Make sure everyone involved is on board with basic child safety tips.

Adopt Safety Drills For Child Care Providers

Safety drills for child care providers must be thorough. Yet their fundamentals are easy to grasp.

Every child care facility should prepare for evacuation emergencies like fires. They should distinguish between shelter-in-place and lockdown situations. Doors should be lockable and adults should move to defend children.

Every facility must adopt a systemic plan in writing. They should choose a meeting spot and inform parents of it. They should collect emergency supplies.

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How often is the kindergarten evacuated. Educational and training evacuation of pupils and employees of the preschool educational institution in the event of a fire. Fire extinguishing means

Regularly twice a year, firefighters of the city carry out training evacuations in educational institutions. In schools, such exercises will begin in September, but in kindergartens from August 15.

The scenario of training evacuation in kindergartens is always the same. Upon an alarm signal, teachers and staff of preschool institutions ensure the timely exit of pupils to the street to a safe place. This is an exciting and interesting event for children and a very serious and responsible event for adults.

Therefore, the main goal of the training evacuation is to develop the skills and abilities of the staff of preschool institutions to independently, quickly and accurately navigate the situation in the event of a fire threat, to take the right measures for a successful evacuation. In order to successfully overcome such a situation, one must be prepared for it.

Each child reacts differently to the sound of a fire alarm, so it is important to teach him how to act correctly, competently and quickly in an emergency. This task falls on the shoulders of not only kindergarten teachers, but also parents. Parents should remember that such an incident as a fire often leads to panic, so it is important to explain to your child that during the evacuation you need to obey adults and follow their orders. This must be done in case of a fire in an educational institution. The fire situation is always unpredictable and carries the most serious threats.

Children, especially young children of preschool age, are not able to assess the danger of fire. They often try to play with a small fire, and may not inform adults at all about a fire that has arisen, albeit by accident. But if the fire turns into a fire, the kids panic and try to hide under beds, in closets, in other “safe” (from the point of view of a frightened child) places.

Therefore, extinguishing fires in children's institutions is a task of a special category of complexity. The procedure in case of fire is described in detail in the evacuation instructions.

Mandatory familiarization

Adults working in kindergartens and other similar institutions (DOE) face a special task in case of fire - to prevent panic among the pupils, not to allow anyone to “get lost”, to bring everyone to a safe zone, while maintaining control over the situation .

This is primarily for the safety of children, because the confident actions of adults calm them down. Secondly, the preservation of personal composure is necessary for the educator to count the children at the beginning of the evacuation and after its completion.

In order for each employee of the kindergarten not to get lost in the event of a fire and to know exactly what actions and in what order he needs to take, instructions are being developed for evacuating people to the kindergarten. (DOE - preschool educational institution.)

Their presence in any kindergarten is mandatory from the point of view of the law. The evacuation instruction must be unconditionally brought to the attention of each employee, and the fact of familiarization with it must be confirmed by his own signature - either below the instruction or in a special journal.

In the event of any fire-related emergency, the fire department and other regulatory authorities will first check whether the employees of the preschool educational institution were familiar with the procedure for the instructions, and whether their behavior corresponded to these instructions in practice.

Of particular importance is the instruction on the evacuation of people . Kindergarten workers should know which direction to move in case of fire. The primary task of all employees of the preschool educational institution without exception is to save the lives of pupils.

They should only do firefighting to the extent necessary to ensure the safe evacuation of toddlers - for example, use fire extinguishers to block fires that spread along escape routes.

Any instruction on evacuation in case of fire provides answers to specific questions:

1. what primary fire extinguishing equipment is available in the preschool educational institution and where they are located;
2. who is responsible for their safety and performance;
3. who is responsible for the evacuation of children;
4. where are the collection points;
5. who should report a fire to the Ministry of Emergency Situations and by what phone number;
6. who should carry out preliminary management of evacuation and fire fighting;
7. who should ensure free passage for fire trucks to the preschool building and show them the connection points to fire hydrants;
8. what are the actions of each employee of the institution in the event of a fire.

There are standard examples of instructions for evacuation in preschool educational institutions, but it is recommended to write your own for each specific kindergarten, since architecture, location, number of pupils and other important factors always differ.

The most specific instructions, which spell out the actions of all employees, starting from the head, continuing with the educators and ending with the janitor, are the key to a successful evacuation and minimal material losses.

It is best if the instructions for evacuation specifically indicate which of the adults, which group of pupils, and to which place should be taken. Who carries out the general management of the evacuation, who is engaged in the preliminary extinguishing of the fire (this person must have the appropriate skills).

Who is responsible for de-energizing all rooms, turning off ventilation and air conditioning systems, who meets firefighters, who opens the gates for cars to enter, and so on. The evacuation instruction should be as detailed as possible, and clearly distribute the duties of all employees of the preschool educational institution.

Fire-fighting equipment

Primary fire-fighting equipment, which are in the preschool, include the following devices and materials:

• fire extinguishers;
• container with sand or earth;
• spades and hooks;
• felt mat - a sheet of felt or asbestos non-combustible material with an area of ​​at least 1 square meter.

In addition (and in modern realities it is mandatory) an automatic fire extinguishing system must be installed in the kindergarten.

Fire extinguishers are available in various types - water-foam, carbon dioxide, powder and others. Their number and placement in the building along the evacuation routes must comply with the established fire safety standards.

There is no specific indication of the type of fire extinguisher that can be used in kindergarten. It is recommended to choose carbon dioxide and powder types, which can be used to extinguish burning electrical wiring under voltage. It cannot be extinguished with any liquid fire extinguishers.

It is strictly forbidden to extinguish clothes burning on a person with a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher and generally direct its jet at people, since the temperature of the carbon dioxide jet is minus 70 degrees Celsius.

In addition, "carbon dioxide" also have significant dimensions and weight up to 16-20 kg. Given the characteristics of the contingent of any preschool educational institution, it is unlikely that most teachers will be able to use them in a critical situation, so powder should be preferred.

To isolate the source of fire and quickly extinguish it, if the fire has not had time to spread, it is covered with earth or sand. If the fire spreads to someone's clothes, the person should be quickly covered with a felt mat, blanket, or something similar to cut off the air.

Important points

Any evacuation manual contains typical points. They are also in similar documents for preschool educational institutions. Here are a few of those points that you should pay attention to.

The employee who first discovered a fire must report this to the fire department by calling 01 - from a landline, 101 or 112 - from a mobile. After that, he must notify the leadership of the preschool educational institution.

And only in the last place, he either starts to extinguish the fire on his own (if possible), or performs his evacuation duties according to the staffing schedule.

The head, his deputy or the administrator on duty duplicates the call to the fire department. It is necessary to provide the exact address of the fire, the position and name of the caller.

Further, the person in charge of general management gives the order to subordinates to activate the alarm system, turn off forced ventilation and all split systems, de-energize the territory of the preschool educational institution by turning on emergency lighting in places where evacuation routes pass.

Teachers and other persons, in accordance with the staff list of the preschool educational institution, carry out the evacuation of children. Everyone leads their group along safe escape routes in accordance with the plan or in accordance with the current situation (if the fire blocked the main evacuation route).

After being taken to the collection point approved in advance in the instructions, the children are counted. If everything is in place, then the persons who are charged with this by the staffing table are engaged in preliminary extinguishing the fire and saving material assets (if possible).

Sometimes it is very difficult to contain emotions. You stumble upon some evacuation plan created by printers who imagine themselves to be fire safety engineers, and you are indignant. From what? It would be strange to react differently when the business in which you have invested so much work, on which the safety of preschoolers depends, a business that requires special knowledge and education, is reduced to the level of "just a business." Just to sign the act, just to transfer the advance, "do it and forget it" - this is the principle of many companies. And when the safety of the little ones does not depend on this, it can still be tolerated. But when the most important, fundamental principles of ensuring the safety of kindergarteners are not taken into account when developing a kindergarten evacuation plan, when the text part of the evacuation plan for completely different objects does not differ in any way for some developers, this becomes intolerable.

This example led me to such thoughts. It is taken from the official website of the developer and is provided on our website for non-commercial purposes of analysis, analysis of errors and confirmation of the opinion we have already expressed about the importance of compiling the text part, taking into account the peculiarities of the possible evacuation of vulnerable groups of the population.

But scary, not the graphic part of it. It simply does not comply with GOST, which is not so critical. In the case under consideration, it is the text part of the evacuation plan that is dangerous - “standard” and not different from other instructions from the same developer.

When you start to understand the text, it becomes completely incomprehensible why the Academy of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia conducts many years of research on the process of evacuating preschoolers, if they are ignored by the authors of this layout, if they are not used in practice, if the instruction for kindergarten is no different from the same instructions for the mall. But the research of fire scientists gave very interesting results that need to be used in practical work, including the developers of evacuation schemes.

What features should the designer take into account when planning the actions of children in a fire. As noted in the first feature associated with the evacuation plan, it is the difficulty of orienting on the evacuation plan. Half of the fifth graders were unable to correctly navigate the plan, despite the fact that only a quarter of the eighth graders experienced similar difficulties. Therefore, the first and obvious one is an evacuation plan in a kindergarten - not for a child, but for an adult, a teacher. Those. actions of kids are carried out ONLY through it.

In this case, the evacuation plan should perform a preventive function of passive and active training of educators, the formation of the correct algorithm of actions for them, taking into account the specific behavior of children in case of fire. The same source states, and it is difficult to disagree with this, that the organization of the actions of children by the educator is the dominant factor in reducing the time the evacuation begins, and therefore is the key to its success.

It also states that the caregiver's reaction to the discovery of a fire or a fire alarm is of paramount importance. According to my practice, the answer of one employee of a preschool institution is memorable about the question: what will she do in case of fire. In her opinion (fixed in her instructions), she should immediately go down under the stairs (to the switch), and de-energize the building. Then using a flashlight to bring out the children .... This is the real answer. I did not compose it, and I have an audio recording of this conversation.

Therefore, in the text part of the evacuation scheme, we must try to influence the first reaction of the educator. This can be done in the following word form.

“At the sound, voice or light warning of a fire, start preparing the children for evacuation! Do not perform other functions! Your goal is to get the kids to a safe place. Start getting them ready to go."

The second difficult moment is also noted by D. A. Samoshin. at work. Children prepare for evacuation longer than adults. This is especially true for spring, autumn and winter. Anyone who has tried to dress a child should know how difficult it is. And children, as luck would have it, stay in preschool institutions during these seasons. Therefore, the next phrase should imprint in the head of the educator that there is no need to waste time putting on winter clothes. It can be described like this:

“Don't waste time dressing your kids in outerwear. Prepare warm blankets in advance or use blankets used for sleeping. You can take your clothes with you and put them on already in the safe area. Provide heating for children outside the building in which the fire has occurred in advance.

Colleagues from the Academy, conduct an interesting experiment. In summer, the preparation time for a group of children to leave the building took 0.6 minutes, in spring and autumn - five minutes, in winter - 7.5 minutes. The use of blankets helped reduce this critical safety factor to just 1. 1 minutes!

When developing activities for caregivers, it is necessary to take into account the fact that children hide from danger during a fire. It is unacceptable not to take this into account in the text part of the evacuation plan. In the instructions, this can be formulated as follows:

“Check if any of the children have hidden under beds, in closets, in the corners of rooms, behind furniture”

Particular attention should be paid to the actions of the educator at night. A study conducted by a group of American scientists showed that out of 123 sleeping children, only 20% woke up from a working warning system. 61% of sleepers did not react at all, 17% reacted in their sleep, and 2% woke up after the siren stopped working. A very important factor in the behavior of children at night is indicated in. After waking up, children do not immediately orient themselves in the environment and they need explanation and attention from adults. This circumstance makes it necessary to include the following phrase in the evacuation instructions:

“At night and during daytime sleep, wake up all children, make sure they are awake. In a calm voice, tell them that it is no longer necessary to sleep and that you can pack up and go outside. Do not leave awakened children unattended!

Having prepared the children for evacuation, you should start moving towards the exit. Here everyone is always concerned about the question of where an adult should be during the movement of a group of people. The following algorithm seems to be correct, which should be entered into the instruction the following algorithm:

"If there is only one adult in a group of children, then he must be behind the group of children and control that no one is left behind. In this case, he controls the movement of a group of children by giving voice instructions. If there are two adults, then one of them takes on himself the role of "guide", and the second - "closing". The leader determines the safe route and leads the group. The trailer must follow if someone is behind the group, if he stayed in the building "

At the same time, it is important to organize the movement of children in such a way that they move in a coordinated, calm and controlled manner. This can be achieved with the following recommendation:

“Tell the children to join hands and put their free hand on the shoulder of the person in front. Reassure the children during the evacuation process. Speak to them in a loud but even and calm, cheerful voice the following phrases: “Everything is in order!” "We're just playing! Do not be afraid! We'll all get to the exit now."

And finally, it should be noted that when the children leave the building, someone may want to return for their favorite toy. There is no data on such behavior, but it is theoretically possible. Therefore, the educator should be prescribed: ensure that none of the children return to the building.

These are the evacuation plans that an inspector should require. I understand that this is difficult to do, because such detailed content is not standardized anywhere. That is the problem. ABSOLUTELY unnecessary photoluminescent material, its glow and other, sorry for the word, garbage, is normalized, but the content of the instructions for kindergartens is not. And therefore, the plan presented above, as an example of an absolutely illiterate development of the text part, an example that does not take into account any features of the evacuation of buildings with preschoolers, is skipped by those specialists of the supervisory authorities of the Ministry of Emergencies who, like the developers of this plan, do not think about its meaning.

Therefore, until the inspector who does not pay attention to “these little things” has knowledge about fire safety, the customer who is ready to accept such work just to “close” the issue with the inspector, until then there will be such evacuation plans, like the one we are describing. Evacuation plans are useless and pointless. Which are really NOT needed, since they do not follow any of the goals that we talked about

I approve

Head of the MBDOU

Combined Kindergarten

species No. 49 "Semitsvetik"

Budachenkova I.V.

« » ______________ 2016

1. General provisions

1.1. The instruction was developed in accordance with paragraph 12 of the "Rules for the fire regime in the Russian Federation", approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 No. 390.

1.2. The instruction is an addition to the schematic plans for the evacuation of people in case of fire.

1.3. The instruction is intended to organize the safe and quick evacuation of people from the building in case of fire.

1.4. Practical training on evacuation of people in case of fire according to this instruction is carried out once every six months.

2. Fire escape procedures

2.1. In the event of a fire, immediately report the fire to the nearest fire station (in this case, you must clearly state the address of the institution, the place of the fire, and also indicate your position and surname).

2.2. Turn on the supply and exhaust ventilation of all rooms.

2. 3. Immediately notify people of a fire by an installed signal or by using messengers.

2.4. Open all emergency exits from the building.

2.5. Quickly, but without panic and fuss, evacuate children and staff of the institution.

out of the building in accordance with the evacuation schemes, avoid oncoming and crossing flows of people.

2.6. The evacuation of children should begin from the premises in which the fire broke out and the premises adjacent to it, which are at risk of the spread of fire and combustion products.

2.7. Young children and the sick should be evacuated first.

2.8. In winter, at the discretion of the evacuators, older children may pre-dress or take warm clothes with them, while younger children should be taken out or carried out wrapped in blankets or other warm clothes.

2.9. When leaving the premises, turn off all electrical appliances, turn off the lights, tightly close doors, windows and vents behind you to prevent the spread of fire and smoke into adjacent rooms.

2.10. Check the absence of people in all areas of the building and their presence according to the lists of the meeting place.

2.11. Set up security posts at the exits of the building to exclude the possibility of children and employees returning to the building where the fire broke out.

2.12. Arrange a meeting of fire departments.

3. Duties of workers in case of fire

3.1. During the evacuation, employees of the Institution are obliged to: - taking into account the current situation, determine the safest evacuation routes and exits that provide the possibility of evacuating employees and pupils to a safe area as soon as possible; - Eliminate conditions conducive to the emergence of panic. To this end, educators and other employees of the Institution should not leave pupils unattended from the moment a fire is discovered and until it is eliminated; - the evacuation of pupils should begin from the premises in which the fire broke out, and adjacent premises, which are at risk of the spread of fire and combustion products. Younger children should be evacuated first; - in winter, at the discretion of the persons carrying out the evacuation, pupils of older age groups can pre-dress or take warm clothes with them, and younger pupils should be taken out or taken out, wrapped in blankets or other warm clothes; - carefully check all rooms to exclude the possibility of staying in the danger zone of pupils hiding under beds, tables, cabinets or other places; - set up security posts at the entrances to the building in order to exclude the possibility of the return of pupils and employees to the building where the fire broke out; - when extinguishing, it is necessary first of all to provide favorable conditions for the safe evacuation of pupils; - it is forbidden to open windows and doors, as well as to break glass in order to prevent the spread of fire and smoke into adjacent rooms. When leaving a room or building, close all doors and windows behind you.

Deputy Head of Security T.Yu. Kharlamova

Fire safety

Integrated security MDOU includes: