How many weeks for a full pregnancy

Baby due date - Better Health Channel

Summary

• The unborn baby spends around 38 weeks in the uterus, but the average length of pregnancy, or gestation, is counted at 40 weeks.
• Pregnancy is counted from the first day of the woman’s last period, not the date of conception which generally occurs two weeks later.
• Since some women are unsure of the date of their last menstruation (perhaps due to period irregularities), a baby is considered full term if its birth falls between 37 to 42 weeks of the estimated last menstruation date.

The unborn baby spends around 37 weeks in the uterus (womb), but the average length of pregnancy, or gestation, is calculated as 40 weeks. This is because pregnancy is counted from the first day of the woman’s last period, not the date of conception which generally occurs two weeks later, followed by five to seven days before it settles in the uterus. Since some women are unsure of the date of their last menstruation (perhaps due to period irregularities), a pregnancy is considered full term if birth falls between 37 to 42 weeks of the estimated last menstruation date.

A baby born prior to week 37 is considered premature, while a baby that still hasn’t been born by week 42 is said to be overdue. In many cases, labour will be induced in the case of an overdue baby.

The average length of human gestation is 280 days, or 40 weeks, from the first day of the woman’s last menstrual period. The medical term for the due date is estimated date of confinement (EDC). However, only about four per cent of women actually give birth on their EDC. There are many online pregnancy calculators (see Baby due date calculator that can tell you when your baby is due, if you type in the date of the first day of your last period.

A simple method to calculate the due date is to add seven days to the date of the first day of your last period, then add nine months. For example, if the first day of your last period was 1 February, add seven days (8 February) then add nine months, for a due date of 8 November.

Determining baby due date

Irregular menstrual cycles can mean that some women aren’t sure of when they conceived. Some clues to the length of gestation include:

• Ultrasound examination (especially when performed between six and 12 weeks)
• Size of uterus on vaginal or abdominal examination
• The time fetal movements are first felt (an approximate guide only).

Pregnancy ultrasound

A pregnancy ultrasound is a non-invasive test that scans the unborn baby and the mother’s reproductive organs using high frequency sound waves. The general procedure for a pregnancy ultrasound includes:

• The woman lies on a table.
• A small amount of a clear, conductive jelly is smeared on the woman’s abdomen.
• The operator places the small hand-held instrument called a transducer onto the woman’s abdomen.
• The transducer is moved across the abdomen. The sound waves bounce off internal structures (including the baby) and are transmitted back to the transducer. The sound waves are then translated into a two-dimensional picture on a monitor. The mother doesn’t feel or hear the transmission of the sound waves.
• By measuring the baby’s body parts, such as head circumference and the length of long bones, the operator can estimate its gestational age.

The diagnostic uses of pregnancy ultrasound

Apart from helping to pinpoint the unborn baby’s due date, pregnancy ultrasounds are used to diagnose a number of conditions including:

• Multiple fetuses
• Health problems with the baby
• Ectopic pregnancy (the embryo lodges in the fallopian tube instead of the uterus)
• Abnormalities of the placenta such as placenta praevia, where the placenta is positioned over the neck of the womb (cervix)
• The health of the mother’s reproductive organs.

Premature babies

A baby born prior to week 37 is considered premature. The odds of survival depend on the baby’s degree of prematurity. The closer to term (estimated date of confinement, or EDC) the baby is born, the higher its chances of survival - after 34 weeks gestation with good paediatric care almost all babies will survive.

Premature babies are often afflicted by various health problems, caused by immature internal organs. Respiratory difficulties and an increased susceptibility to infection are common.

Often there is no known cause for a premature labour; however, some of the maternal risk factors may include:

• Drinking alcohol or smoking during pregnancy
• Low body weight prior to pregnancy
• Inadequate weight gain during pregnancy
• No prenatal care
• Emotional stress
• Placenta problems such as placenta praevia
• Various diseases such as diabetes and congestive heart failure
• Infections such as syphilis.

Overdue babies

Around five out of every 100 babies will be overdue, or more than 42 weeks gestation. If you have gone one week past your due date without any signs of impending labour, your doctor will want to closely monitor your condition. Tests include:

• Monitoring the fetal heart rate
• Using a cardiotocograph machine
• Performing ultrasound scans.

The placenta starts to deteriorate after 38 weeks or so, which means an overdue baby may not get enough oxygen. An overdue baby could also grow too large for vaginal delivery. Generally, an overdue baby will be induced once it is two weeks past its expected date. Some of the methods of induction include:

• Vaginal prostaglandin gel - to help dilate the cervix
• Amniotomy - breaking the waters, sometimes called an artificial rupture of membranes (ARM)
• Oxytocin - a synthetic form of this hormone is given intravenously to stimulate uterine contractions.

Where to get help

• Your doctor
• Your obstetrician
• Midwife or childbirth educator

Things to remember

• The unborn baby spends around 38 weeks in the uterus, but the average length of pregnancy, or gestation, is counted at 40 weeks.
• Pregnancy is counted from the first day of the woman’s last period, not the date of conception which generally occurs two weeks later.
• Since some women are unsure of the date of their last menstruation (perhaps due to period irregularities), a baby is considered full term if its birth falls between 37 to 42 weeks of its estimated due date.

• Common concerns and discomforts: overdue baby, Mother’s Bliss, UK.
• Going Overdue, 2001, Centre for Reproduction and Minimally Invasive Surgery.
• Premmie-L FAQ and advice sheets, Parents of Premature Babies Inc.(Preemie-L). More information here.
• Pregnancy: what to expect when it’s past your due date, Family Doctor, USA.
• Ultrasound, Women Health Information, Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne. More information here.

This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:

Pregnancy - week by week

The unborn baby spends around 38 weeks in the womb, but the average length of pregnancy (gestation) is counted as 40 weeks. This is because pregnancy is counted from the first day of the woman’s last period, not the date of conception, which generally occurs two weeks later.

Pregnancy is divided into three trimesters:

• First trimester – conception to 12 weeks
• Second trimester – 12 to 24 weeks
• Third trimester – 24 to 40 weeks.

Conception

The moment of conception is when the woman’s ovum (egg) is fertilised by the man’s sperm. The gender and inherited characteristics are decided in that instant.

Week 1

This first week is actually your menstrual period. Because your expected birth date (EDD or EDB) is calculated from the first day of your last period, this week counts as part of your 40-week pregnancy, even though your baby hasn’t been conceived yet.

Week 2

Fertilisation of your egg by the sperm will take place near the end of this week.

Week 3

Thirty hours after conception, the cell splits into two. Three days later, the cell (zygote) has divided into 16 cells. After two more days, the zygote has migrated from the fallopian tube to the uterus (womb). Seven days after conception, the zygote burrows itself into the plump uterine lining (endometrium). The zygote is now known as a blastocyst.

Week 4

The developing baby is tinier than a grain of rice. The rapidly dividing cells are in the process of forming the various body systems, including the digestive system.

Week 5

The evolving neural tube will eventually become the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).

Week 6

The baby is now known as an embryo. It is around 3 mm in length. By this stage, it is secreting special hormones that prevent the mother from having a menstrual period.

Week 7

The heart is beating. The embryo has developed its placenta and amniotic sac. The placenta is burrowing into the uterine wall to access oxygen and nutrients from the mother’s bloodstream.

Week 8

The embryo is now around 1.3 cm in length. The rapidly growing spinal cord looks like a tail. The head is disproportionately large.

Week 9

The eyes, mouth and tongue are forming. The tiny muscles allow the embryo to start moving about. Blood cells are being made by the embryo’s liver.

Week 10

The embryo is now known as a fetus and is about 2.5 cm in length. All of the bodily organs are formed. The hands and feet, which previously looked like nubs or paddles, are now evolving fingers and toes. The brain is active and has brain waves.

Week 11

Teeth are budding inside the gums. The tiny heart is developing further.

Week 12

The fingers and toes are recognisable, but still stuck together with webs of skin. The first trimester combined screening test (maternal blood test + ultrasound of baby) can be done around this time. This test checks for trisomy 18 (Edward syndrome) and trisomy 21 (Down syndrome).

Week 13

The fetus can swim about quite vigorously. It is now more than 7 cm in length.

Week 14

The eyelids are fused over the fully developed eyes. The baby can now mutely cry, since it has vocal cords. It may even start sucking its thumb. The fingers and toes are growing nails.

Week 16

The fetus is around 14 cm in length. Eyelashes and eyebrows have appeared, and the tongue has tastebuds. The second trimester maternal serum screening will be offered at this time if the first trimester test was not done (see week 12).

Week 18-20

An ultrasound will be offered. This fetal morphology scan is to check for structural abnormalities, position of placenta and multiple pregnancies. Interestingly, hiccoughs in the fetus can often be observed.

Week 20

The fetus is around 21 cm in length. The ears are fully functioning and can hear muffled sounds from the outside world. The fingertips have prints. The genitals can now be distinguished with an ultrasound scan.

Week 24

The fetus is around 33 cm in length. The fused eyelids now separate into upper and lower lids, enabling the baby to open and shut its eyes. The skin is covered in fine hair (lanugo) and protected by a layer of waxy secretion (vernix). The baby makes breathing movements with its lungs.

Week 28

Your baby now weighs about 1 kg (1,000 g) or 2 lb 2oz (two pounds, two ounces) and measures about 25 cm (10 inches) from crown to rump. The crown-to-toe length is around 37 cm. The growing body has caught up with the large head and the baby now seems more in proportion.

Week 32

The baby spends most of its time asleep. Its movements are strong and coordinated. It has probably assumed the ‘head down’ position by now, in preparation for birth.

Week 36

The baby is around 46 cm in length. It has probably nestled its head into its mother’s pelvis, ready for birth. If it is born now, its chances for survival are excellent. Development of the lungs is rapid over the next few weeks.

Week 40

The baby is around 51 cm in length and ready to be born. It is unknown exactly what causes the onset of labour. It is most likely a combination of physical, hormonal and emotional factors between the mother and baby.

Where to get help

• Your doctor
• Obstetrician
• Midwife

Things to remember

• Pregnancy is counted as 40 weeks, starting from the first day of the mother’s last menstrual period. Your estimated date to birth is only to give you a guide. Babies come when they are ready and you need to be patient.
• The gender and inherited characteristics of the baby are decided at the moment of conception.

Angarsk Perinatal Center: Pregnancy Calendar

Regardless of whether this is your first pregnancy or you already have a child and are expecting another one, an exciting period of life is coming for you.

Calculation of due date

In most cases, women do not know the exact date of conception, but they can tell exactly when the last menstrual cycle began. This is the point from which pregnancy is usually counted. For most women, the most likely period of fertilization (ovulation) lies in the middle of their monthly cycle, in other words, two weeks before the start of the next menstrual cycle.

Based on this date, the pregnancy lasts about 280 days, or 40 weeks, from the start of the last menstrual cycle. So you can get your estimated due date by adding 280 days to the date you started bleeding in your last cycle. The same result can be obtained by adding 7 days to the date of the last menstrual period and subtracting 3 months. For example, if your last period started on February 20, then your due date is expected to be November 27.

This calculation of pregnancy determines the so-called gestational, or menstrual, age of the fetus. It is on this “calendar” that doctors and nurses will track the development of the fetus. Gestational age is different from ovulation, or fertilization, age, which is two weeks earlier and is counted from the actual date of conception.

Many people calculate their pregnancy in weeks. This is the easiest and most convenient way to avoid confusion. For example, if your doctor says that you are 10 weeks pregnant (remember that the count is from the start of your last menstrual period), then you conceived about 8 weeks ago and will go into labor in 30 weeks because your total pregnancy is 40 weeks.

There is also a large unit of measurement - trimester. The trimesters divide the pregnancy into three phases. Each such phase, lasting 13 weeks, has its own characteristics.

You may also have heard of another unit of time, the lunar month. It corresponds to the cycle of lunar phases and is 28 days. The full gestation period, equal to 280 days, is 10 lunar months.

The calendar is based on a 42-week pregnancy schedule. The expected time of labor (ETD) is at the end of the 40th week. This way you will know the age of the developing fetus at any point during the pregnancy.

It is important to understand that the RID is an estimate, not a precise date. Only one woman in 20 gives birth on the exact day0 percent of women give birth a week earlier or a week later. Therefore, one cannot rely on the date of the OVR. It may turn out that it will come, and the child will not be born for some time. Consider this date as a guideline - a deadline for which you must prepare.

There is no fundamental difference how to count the time of pregnancy. Still, the process will not go faster. It will continue as long as nature allotted. After all, a miracle happens - a new life grows and develops in your body!

Your menstrual cycle

You estimate that your menstrual cycle probably ends at the beginning of the second week of pregnancy or a few days earlier. The usual interval between periods is 28 days, but they can occur after 21 and even after 35 days , and there is nothing abnormal in this. Actually menstruation in most cases lasts from 4 to 6 days. Discharge from the uterus is a mixture of sloughed uterine mucosa and blood. Clotted blood clots may also appear. On average, during menstruation, a woman loses 25-60 ml of blood. Blood loss can be different for different women, and for one woman it can change from one cycle to another.

Two important biological cycles occur almost simultaneously in a woman's body. As a result of the ovulation cycle (ovulation), a mature egg appears, ready for fertilization, and during the endometrial cycle, the uterine wall is prepared for implantation of the fertilized cell. Both cycles are closely related to each other because endometrial changes are regulated by hormones that are released in the ovary.

The normal alternation of the ovulation and menstrual cycles (with the production of one egg for fertilization) is the rule, not the exception. Some women experience uneven cycles of egg production. Such cycles can take place without ovulation. This is quite rare compared to regular and predictable menstrual cycles and hormonal changes.

Your body produces many hormones, including follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland, as well as estrogen, progesterone and androgens (testosterone) from the ovary.

The natural purpose of the ovulation cycle is to produce an egg for fertilization. The body of a newly born girl contains about 2 million eggs. Their number is reduced to about 400 thousand by the beginning of puberty. But the maximum number of eggs is formed even before birth. When a fetus is only 5 months old (4 months before birth), it contains approximately 6.8 million eggs.

During the ovulation cycle, 20 or more follicles may begin the process leading to ovulation. And only one of them, bursting, can turn into a mature egg. Before the onset of ovulation, this follicle approaches the wall of the ovary, which becomes progressively thinner. At the time of ovulation, an egg is formed at the site of the burst follicle. The place of rupture of the follicle on the wall of the ovary is called the stigma.

Some women (approximately 25 percent) experience lower abdominal pain or discomfort on the day of ovulation or the next day. It is believed that they are caused by irritation of the ovary with fluid or blood of the follicle when it bursts. Pain is not necessarily felt with every cycle. By the presence or absence of this symptom, one can judge whether ovulation has occurred or not.

Most often, a woman becomes pregnant in the middle of the menstrual cycle, on the 12th-14th day from the beginning of the last menstruation. However, the beginning of the last menstruation is considered to be the starting point of ten obstetric months, or forty weeks of pregnancy. Therefore, we will start talking about the features of the development of the fetus from the third week of pregnancy, that is, after the moment of conception.

How long does pregnancy last: signs, terms and stages of fetal development

https://ria. ru/20210125/beremennost-1594527284.html

pregnancy lasts: signs, timing and stages of fetal development0007

Pregnancy is the period when the formation and development of the fetus takes place in the mother's body. About signs and duration - in the material of RIA Novosti. RIA Novosti, 25.01.2021

2021-01-25T18: 38

2021-01-25T18: 38

2021-01-25T18: 38

Health-Society

Pregnancy

Women

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MOSCOW, January 25 - RIA Novosti. Pregnancy is a period when the formation and development of the fetus in the mother's body. About the signs and duration - in the material of RIA Novosti. Signs of pregnancy After conception, anatomical, physiological and hormonal changes occur in the body of a woman. There are a number of signals that may indicate pregnancy. Among the presumptive signs can be distinguished: - vomiting and nausea; - drowsiness; - aversion to certain smells; - frequent mood swings; - tearfulness; - dizziness. Also, a woman may experience frequent urination, an increase in the mammary glands. The most obvious indicator is the cessation of menstruation. Most often, pharmacy tests are used to determine pregnancy. Although they are reliable, they do not provide complete information. “A pregnancy test is one of the likely signs,” added Svetlana Ivanova. - He can tell that the patient is pregnant, but at the same time, he will not show whether this is a uterine or ectopic pregnancy. This can only be determined by ultrasound.” How many weeks does a woman's pregnancy last? The expert answered the question about the pregnancy rate in weeks. According to her, pregnancy lasts 40 weeks, that is, ten obstetric months or nine calendar. Embryonic periodFrom the moment of fertilization, the embryonic period lasts until the tenth week of the obstetric period. At this time, the formation and development of the fetus in the mother's body begins. In particular, germ layers are formed in the embryo first, then tissues, organs and the placenta. During this period, the fetus increases to three centimeters, but it still does not resemble a baby, but only over time acquires the appropriate features. The fetal period The fetal period lasts from the 11th week of the obstetric period and ends with childbirth. At this time, the active growth of the fetus occurs, its proportions change, all organ systems begin to develop. In addition, the fetus begins to move in the womb. Physiological changes in the mother-fetus system Since the onset of pregnancy, two closely interconnected systems are formed. Firstly, maternal, which provides the fetus with everything necessary, and, secondly, the functional system of the fetus. Significant changes take place in the mother's body. During pregnancy, a woman needs to receive vitamins, as the need for them increases. Therefore, the body needs one and a half times more zinc, iodine, vitamins B6 and B12. Lack of vitamins can affect the duration of pregnancy.

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Health - society, pregnancy, women

Health - Society, pregnancy, women

MOSCOW, January 25 - RIA Novosti . Pregnancy is a period when the formation and development of the fetus in the mother's body. About signs and duration - in the material of RIA Novosti.

Signs of pregnancy

After conception, anatomical, physiological and hormonal changes occur in a woman's body. There are a number of signals that may indicate pregnancy. Among the presumptive signs can be identified:

30 December 2020, 15:04

Pregnancy test: when and how to do it to get the correct result

- vomiting and nausea;

- drowsiness;

- aversion to certain smells;

- frequent mood swings;

- tearfulness;

- dizziness.

Also, a woman may experience frequent urination, enlargement of the mammary glands. The most obvious indicator is the cessation of menstruation.

“Probable signs include an increase in the uterus,” Svetlana Ivanova, a teacher of obstetrics and gynecology of the highest category, told RIA Novosti. - When the doctor examines the patient, he can see the blueness of the vaginal cervix and the vagina itself. In general, the size of the uterus, shape and consistency changes.

Pharmacy tests are most commonly used to determine pregnancy. Although they are reliable, they do not provide complete information.

“A pregnancy test is one of the likely signs,” added Svetlana Ivanova. - He can tell that the patient is pregnant, but at the same time, he will not show whether this is a uterine or ectopic pregnancy. This can only be determined by ultrasound.

July 3, 2020, 02:53

The gynecologist named the ideal age for the birth of the first child. According to her, the pregnancy lasts 40 weeks, that is, ten obstetric months or nine calendar months.

“In general, her period is 280 days, counting from the first day of the last menstruation,” added Svetlana Ivanova. - It is believed that timely delivery occurs from the 37th week to the 42nd. Childbirth before 37 weeks is considered premature, after the 42nd week - belated. Both are deviations from the norm.”

Embryonic period

From the moment of fertilization, the embryonic period lasts until the tenth week of the obstetric period. At this time, the formation and development of the fetus in the mother's body begins. In particular, germ layers are formed in the embryo first, then tissues, organs and the placenta. During this period, the fetus increases to three centimeters, but it still does not resemble a baby, but only over time acquires the appropriate features.

January 19, 2021, 20:07

What you need to take with you to the hospital for the child and mother: a list for 2021

Fetal period

The fetal period starts from the 11th week of the obstetric period and ends with childbirth. At this time, the active growth of the fetus occurs, its proportions change, all organ systems begin to develop. In addition, the fetus begins to move in the womb.

Physiological changes in the mother-fetus system

From the moment of pregnancy, two closely interconnected systems are formed. Firstly, maternal, which provides the fetus with everything necessary, and, secondly, the functional system of the fetus. Significant changes take place in the mother's body.

“The level of progesterone, the main hormone responsible for gestation, increases, while estrogen decreases,” the expert explains. - They are responsible for the tone of the uterus. If there are too many hormones, a miscarriage may occur. During pregnancy, the heart, as well as the kidneys, work with increased stress. They excrete the urine of the mother and fetus. The thyroid and parathyroid glands increase in size, calcium production is disrupted, so pregnant women often experience brittle nails, hair loss, and teeth can crumble.

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