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Is it possible to breastfeed a child with hepatitis C

Among 40,000 women with hepatitis C, every year 4,000 children are born positive as a result of blood tests. About 4-10% of neonatal infections become chronic. The path of viral infection from mother to child is called vertical infection. Worldwide, type B and hepatitis C have caused chronic liver damage in children and adults. In developed countries and due to hepatitis B vaccination, hepatitis C viruses keep children healthy. In this case, vertical infection is a powerful source of infection.

What is vertical transmission?

Vertical infection is an infection of the mother of a child during pregnancy, childbirth, or 28 days after birth.

The mechanism of infection is not well understood. Most babies are infected in the perinatal or uterus and are unlikely to be infected during lactation. The polymerase chain reaction test result reflects the time of viral infection. It becomes negative a few weeks after birth. Therefore, infection begins at 155 days of gestation and occurs in the perinatal period 168 hours after birth. If reproduction is confirmed within a few days over several days, this suggests internal infections in early pregnancy.

Vertical hepatitis infection has been proven by many studies and the risk is about 5%. The degree of infection in the body (concentration of the blood virus) directly affects the possibility of infection in children.

For women who are simultaneously infected with hepatitis C and HIV infections, the risk of vertical infection increases by 25%. The risk of infection with toxic liver virus does not affect either natural delivery or caesarean section. Almost all children born to infected women are positive in antibody tests. An accurate hepatitis C test can be performed after age 18.

Why can I feed with hepatitis?

Hepatitis C mothers can breastfeed their babies without cracked nipples. The virus is transmitted through the blood, so if you get injured, the risk increases. Brest care improves the safety of breastfeeding. Gynecologists should advise women on how to prevent nipple inflammation, cracking, and bleeding. Infectious disease specialists recommend artificial insemination only when females are positive.

If you have hepatitis C, you can get hepatitis C antibodies from breast milk. Many obstetricians have resurfaced, claiming that hepatitis is caused by food, such as HIV infection. As a result, a similar prohibition was practiced for hepatitis women.

Collect hepatitis C infants safely with breast milk. There are no records of infection in infants through breast milk. If the nipple has a bleeding fissure, it is necessary to temporarily stop breastfeeding and then treat the skin.

The virus is transmitted through infected blood, is not teratogenic and does not affect fetal development. In fact, there have been several reported cases of chronic liver damage caused by infection in children under 6 months of age. In many cases, women with hepatitis are able to give birth and raise healthy children. Some studies have confirmed an association between maternal monoxide virus and preterm birth, but did not affect offspring survival.

Contraindications for breastfeeding

Absolute contraindications for breastfeeding include:

• Deficiency of the enzyme galactose-1-phosphate, necessary for the absorption of milk.
• Presence of human immunodeficiency virus.
• If you are taking chemotherapy or antiviral drugs.
• The presence of T-lymphocytes.

Temporary cessation of breastfeeding should be done in case of exacerbation of the following diseases, such as human papillomavirus in the breast, active tuberculosis infection, etc. Hepatitis C virus is not subject to an absolute ban on breastfeeding.

Pregnancy and lactation are absolute contraindications for the treatment of hepatitis with ribavirin, which can cause congenital anomalies and fetal death. The risks are extremely high. Do not take even the sexual partners of pregnant women. Pregnancy is possible 6 months after the end of treatment.

Different strains of hepatitis and breastfeeding

Different strains of hepatitis affect the liver and their symptoms depend on their severity.

1. Hepatitis A, or infectious hepatitis, is a short-term illness that causes loss of appetite, high fever, malaise, and nausea. Sent without issue. The virus does not pass through breast milk, so gamma globulin can be given without stopping breastfeeding.
2. Hepatitis B - Spread through and during contact with body fluids such as serum and blood. Symptoms are similar to hepatitis A but last longer. This can lead to chronic liver disease and death. This virus is found in breast milk. Babies infected during pregnancy are vaccinated after birth so mothers can breastfeed safely.
3. Hepatitis C is transmitted through contaminated blood, injecting drugs and surgical instruments. What started as mild flu symptoms can eventually turn into liver cancer. The hepatitis C virus is not transmitted through breast milk, but can be transmitted through blood through cracked or sore nipples.

Fecally transmitted viruses such as hepatitis A are more likely to infect newborns and pass into breast milk during the acute phase. If you give birth at this time, immunoglobulin is administered for prophylaxis. Therefore, breastfeeding is prohibited in all cases.

Hepatitis B and C viruses are transmitted through blood and sexual contact. Surface antigens are detected in the milk of seropositive women. Chances are your baby will swallow some blood from even a small scratch on the nipple. The main route of transmission is contact with blood during childbirth. Therefore, it is induced immediately after birth with 0.5 ml immunoglobulin vaccine within 12 hours after birth. Proven to be effective at 95%, but prohibited for premature babies.

If the mother has not been tested for antibodies, she should be tested immediately after delivery. Newborns are vaccinated, and if the test is positive, immunoglobulin is added for treatment. If the mother is not infected, vaccination is traditionally performed. The presence of antibodies in the mother's blood is not a contraindication for breastfeeding.

Hepatitis C virus RNA has been found in colostrum and breast milk, but no risk of infection during breastfeeding has been identified. It is not known if contact with blood drops is contagious, but it is recommended to avoid cracking. The decision to breastfeed is made on an individual basis, taking into account the importance of milk to the baby.

Breastfeeding in hepatitis C is acceptable for a number of reasons.

• Vertical infection rates are low d-3-5%.
• Fast natural recovery up to 25-50% possible.
• late start.

However, after analyzing several cases, we found that the transmission was unpredictable and the predictions could vary.

There are factors that increase the risk of perinatal infections.

• Comorbid HIV. 96 copies/ml. Elevated levels correlate with higher amounts of RNA in pumpkin.

  Current guidelines for diagnosing perinatal infection include testing for antibodies in infants born to infected mothers. Testing at 12 months or RNA analysis at 6 months of age. Treatment with interferon pedilate and ribavirin is not suitable for pregnant women and newborns. However, new drugs in preclinical studies are targeted at these patient groups.

  Hepatitis C and nutrition research

  The study was conducted in women of childbearing age in Australia. They found that 1.5% of people with a history of hepatitis C (HVC) infection had drug use, a history of blood transfusions, a history of previous pregnancy, and 20-week independent risk factors for childhood infection.

  Two studies have confirmed that breastfeeding does not lead to the development of hepatitis C in newborns and young children. Milk protects you from infection because it weakens the infectivity of the virus.

  The first study assessed the impact of method of delivery, delivery practices and breastfeeding on the likelihood of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis C virus. The results of 14 studies did not show a clear difference between vaginal delivery and caesarean section, but confirmed that prolonged labor and rupture of the membranes increase the risk of infection. The effect of breastfeeding on infections is unclear.

  The second study examined the ability of breast milk to neutralize the activity of the hepatitis C virus in vitro. In the combined culture, milk reduced infectivity by 100-fold, but the results were dose-dependent. The effect of cow's milk and infant milk on the hepatitis virus was not observed.

  Fatty acids such as laurin and linol inactivated the hepatitis C virus by disrupting cell membranes. Linoleic acid makes up 15% of all fatty acids in breast milk and this determines its high protective function before the formation of the baby's immune system.

  How can I reduce my child's risk of infection?

  The hepatitis C virus remains active outside the body for 3 weeks. However, this only occurs at room temperature on the surface of household items such as handles and bathroom sinks. In most cases, the virus is transmitted through contact with infected blood. Dried drops are still dangerous. Other body fluids, such as urine and sweat, do not carry the virus. Regular contact or cohabitation does not determine the risk of infection.

  Women who carry the hepatitis C virus should regularly protect their children from infection.

  1. Treat cuts and abrasions immediately to keep blood from getting on clothing or objects.
  2. Carefully discard pads, tampons, lint, and bloody paper towels.
  3. Wash hands and objects that have come into contact with blood with soap and water.
  4. Mix 1 part household bleach and 10 parts water to clean up a bloody surface.
  5. Store razors, nail clippers and toothbrushes separately and wash your hands after use.
  6. Stop breastfeeding if your nipple develops bleeding cracks. Give another breast or wait for treatment.

  Even if the baby sleeps in bed and eats from ordinary dishes, there is no problem if the mother's mucous membrane and skin are not damaged. Women should discuss their fears of the virus with their doctor, as obstetricians are not always aware of the risks.

  My friend was unable to diet after giving birth to her daughter, who was born 4 months ago. She almost completely refused sweets, did not eat after 6, started dancing, but the arrows on the scales remained motionless. Before the birth of her daughter, she never weighed more than 60 kilograms, and now her height is 165 centimeters and her weight is 74 kilograms. I found a friend with depression and decided to help. I discussed this issue with my doctor and trainer. I was able to find out.

  Causes of weight gain during pregnancy

  New mothers may not gain even a kilogram during pregnancy. As a rule, this is due to heredity and body type. However, most women still face the problem of excess weight after childbirth. “Pregnancy is something that is imprinted in the female body. The rehabilitation center at the sports medicine clinic says: “During pregnancy, you often move less, eat more, taste preferences change dramatically. Gaining weight during pregnancy is completely normal.”

  First of all, don't panic and wait patiently. “We gain weight during pregnancy, this is normal, on average we gain 9-14 kg. Explain house. Secondly, adipose tissue accumulates mainly in the abdomen and thighs to protect the fetus. Acts as a reserve of additional energy. This mechanism is so natural in the female body that it is pointless and dangerous to fight it. Additionally, the mammary glands increase and blood volume increases. Weight increases.

  Pregnancy lasts nine months, so it's foolish to think that she'll be back in shape in a month or two, at least that's how long it should have been.

  Therefore, experts recommend that women not panic and go on strict diets just because they are fat, but first realize themselves as mothers and improve their own health.

  When can you start losing weight after childbirth

  There is no single answer to this question. As for "weight loss", you do not need to wait for a certain period of time, a balanced diet is enough. In fact, most women are ready in a few months or six months, ”says Dr. Evgenia Mayevskaya, a gastroenterologist and nutritionist at the GMS clinic.

  After giving birth, many women want to return to their pre-pregnancy body as soon as possible. “But there is no need to rush. If there are no contraindications and if the mother is comfortable and gets enough sleep, then you can gradually lose weight after breastfeeding is completed. But it's not. The ideal situation, in practice, is that a young mother sleeps little, the child cries or is naughty, the number of household chores increases, - explains the rehabilitation specialist of the sports medicine clinic. Under these conditions, there is no point in going on a diet: even if you push yourself to the limit and lose a few pounds, you will lose a few pounds back as soon as your moral and voluntary resources are exhausted.

  How to lose weight after giving birth

  It's very possible if you act hard enough. Here are the basic steps to shed those extra pounds after giving birth.

  Be patient

  Weight loss after childbirth does not happen and should not be instantaneous. Pregnancy creates a lot of stress for the body due to vitamin and mineral deficiencies, changes in hormone levels and reduced physical activity. Recovery is said to take six months to a year.

  Balance the diet during and immediately after feeding

  It is impossible to recover during the fattening period. Therefore, it can deprive the baby of essential vitamins and cause the appearance of toxins in breast milk. Daily breastfeeding requires a lot of energy, about 500 kcal per day. “Since breast milk consists of mother’s lymph and blood, it should be remembered that preservatives, dyes and stabilizers can get into breast milk and cause adverse reactions (including skin reactions) in a child,” says Evgenia Maevskaya. To lose weight smoothly, a woman's breast milk excretes up to 40 g of fat per day, so if you reduce calories by about 300-350 kcal, losing weight will not take long. .

  Here are some general dietary recommendations from Evgenia Maevskaya.

  • In addition to proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, it is necessary to include dietary fiber in the form of non-seed vegetables (about 400 g).
  • You don't have to be hungry.
  • It is important to take enough water (1.8 to 2.0 liters including water).
  • Limit simple carbohydrates to sweets and baked goods (rich in lipids and sugars).
  • Make it possible to obtain natural sugar in fruit form (250 to 300 g).
  • Also, take vitamin D in a preventive intake.
  • You can take iodine, iron, calcium, and multivitamins, but check with your doctor before taking it.

  Also, keep in mind that your mother's food is 4-5 times a day. You must eat it right. Meals should contain complete protein (muscle meat, fish), calcium foods (eg cheese low in 10-17% veil), fruits and vegetables. Avoid rich sauce, fish soup, borsht, etc. It is slow digestion and contains a lot of extract substances that prevent the body from recovering.

  Eat small meals every 2-3 hours to prevent overeating.

  See your doctor

  Be sure to see your doctor within one year of giving birth. 6 months after giving birth, take a blood test or a hormonal test. It is necessary to confirm that the background of the hormone was stable.

  If you do not lose weight for a long time, consult an endocrine scientist and a nutritionist. After childbirth, the function of the endocrine and metabolism could be impaired. In addition, if ovarian function does not return a few months after delivery and does not begin menstruation, be sure to consult.

  Forget Hollywood stars

  Heidi Kulm, mother of four, still jealous of perfection? it's useless! - The model office nutritionist says. “Sudden weight loss after childbirth (within 2-3 months) can negatively impact metabolism, lead to reduced breast milk, and then affect the baby’s health and wellness.”

  Don't forget that nannies and nutritionists help the stars. Watching your body as part of a Hollywood diva's occupation. Unless you're a fashion model, TV moderator, or singer, you don't have to go back in record time. Yes, you don't need a model.

  Don't eat depression

  The great enemy of the post-pregnancy diet is postpartum depression. The most common cause of a nervous breakdown and overeating.

  Symptoms of postpartum depression: unreasonable tears, frustration, headache, fatigue, sleep disturbances. “During pregnancy, the levels of hormones (estrogen and progesterone) in a woman’s body will rise,” says the endocrine scientist. These hormones are involved in the maintenance of pregnancy and related progress. Right after giving birth, the cost plummets and a new hormone called prolactin begins to be secreted. The body quickly revives, but the mood is so intense. For example, you need to fight with sports, not food. The support of an important person is very important. If your depression is severe, you may want to consult a specialist.

  Don't rush to the gym - walk in the fresh air

  Don't try to do what you did in the gym right now. At first, you can walk more with your child in the fresh air. Start with 20 minutes a day and increase your walking time and walking pace. If you walk for about 20 minutes with a stroller, you will consume about 150 kcal. “Walking is the most natural and safest type of exercise load required for both baby and mother, improving lymph flow and blood circulation, promoting tissue oxygenation and progressively muscles. I will bring it to the group program and the expert will add it to the group program.

  Enter the training mode correctly

  A rather powerful change occurs in the pregnant body. “If the stomach gets bigger and the center shifts, the lumbar vertebrae get bigger and the part can feel uncomfortable as a result. The lower part of the branches of the ribs and the shape of the chest changes. Aperture lower. Spreading. This increases, "freezes" in the exhaustion stage and affects breathing. Therefore, first classes in the direction of the group program states that classes should be provided to increase the mobility of the waist and chest and improve breathing. 10th to 14th after childbirth, the volume of the uterus decreases, so it is necessary to prioritize gymnastics in this position. Soft swings designed to increase the mobility of the waist, pelvic movements that draw a circle, and breathing that emphasizes the movement of the ribs and diaphragm. Gradually we will move on to session exercises (suitable balls are optimal) -Similar rotation of the pelvis, movement of the pectoral muscles, breathing method. ""

  You can move to a more active class in 1-2 months. Before that, you need to check for the presence or absence of measurements. "Diastasis" means that as a result of the growth of the white line of the abdomen, the muscles of the rectum are literally shifted to the side, and the function does not work well. If this problem is not involved, long abdominal dysfunction will cause back pain, protrusions, hernias, and internal organs. Plus, even if you exercise and lose weight, it will remain stomach and sag,” says one fitness trainer.

  How can I check if it is diatase? Lay on the floor, bend your knees and place your feet on the floor. Place one hand under your head and prepare the other hand. “Raise your shoulder and shoulder blades, feel the white line of your abdomen (just below your belly button) and notice the distance between your abdominal muscles (clearly feel the soft tissue between and between the muscles. You can do this where your fingers literally fell through, otherwise e-Large, you have no measurement). Relax and sink to the floor. Make your internal organs... pelvic floor muscles, pelvic floor muscles. Stretch your horizontal muscles. Go through the stomach again and compare the feelings. If your stomach is stable and your fingers are not broken, you can remove the dimensions by working on the internal muscles. He may need surgery if there are no changes and the width measures 4cm or more,” he added.

  “If the mother is suspected or suspected, then normal type exercises known in all exercises Way to avoid this situation. This is a difficult exercise for a gentle recovery after childbirth. Strengthen your abs. You can remove all the symptoms of the abdominal wall. After a while, you will be able to do your favorite gymnastics.”

  The limit in the class may be weak pelvic floor muscles. "This little muscle is an important factor in the perineum, just like the ABS, and is an important element that makes up the 'inner cylinder'." Organ, coughing and sneezing, urine leakage while jumping and sexual intercourse. An example is an example. Discomfort at the time, and if you decide to educate a young mother, she needs to be confirmed that there is no organ failure and weak pelvic floor muscles,” says clinical sports medicine rehabilitation.

  You can start saving tuition 4-6 weeks after your vagina is born. If you gave birth by cesarean, wait about 6-8 weeks until your stomach is fully expanded. “Pilates, yoga, swimming and aquarobia are the best way to continue postpartum recovery during this time. During the period of nursing, it is necessary to reduce the burden on the pectoral muscles and avoid jumping, so that the mammary glands do not hurt. Intensive. Training that increases adrenaline levels may be withheld because it negatively affects the quality and quantity of milk. Intense workout stress. If stress is emphasized, the body conserves energy. Switch to survival mode,” says the fitness trainer.

  You can start exercising in the middle of 4-5 months after giving birth, but Pilates and easy running are suitable. After breastfeeding, you will be able to exercise more intensely, such as dancing and aquarobia. Many fitness clubs have special programs for mothers and children.

  You can train at home while your child is sleeping. Do a simple exercise for all muscle groups (here and here) and pay attention to the stretch. And when the child gets up, try to take part in the class.

  Have sex

  Doctors recommend that you abstain from sexual intercourse 6-8 weeks after giving birth. However, there is no strict limitation in this matter. Once you are ready to prepare mentally, resume your sex life. Intimate fitness is useful as a physical preparation to return to the world of sex.

  After natural delivery, the volume of the vagina increases significantly. To restore the muscles of the perineum, train them every day 2-3 months after giving birth.

  In the last century, Arnold Kegel, a gynecologist in the United States, invented a special gymnastics for women. Kegel exercises reduce the pelvic muscles that support the vagina.

  • Contract the vaginal muscles for 10 seconds and relax for 10 seconds. These operations are performed within 5 minutes per day and within 1 minute are rapidly decreasing every second.
  • "Lift": slightly reduce the muscles in the vagina ("1st floor"), press for 3-5 seconds, then reduce the high parts ("2nd floor") and save again. Therefore, please go 4-5 "floors" up and down, leaving each one "puffed".

  These exercises can be performed in any position. Sit, sleep, stand.

  Don't forget to enjoy motherhood!

  The postpartum diet can feel long and painful if you focus too much on numbers and weight gain. you are now a mother This is also a reason for pride. And when you look back, you will see how wonderful those early months were. You can return the figurine, but that moment will never come.

  What not to do when trying to lose weight after childbirth

  It is important to reduce weight gradually. “You shouldn’t go on a diet,” especially those names that exclude certain foods and strictly limit lean (juice diet or fasting) mono-diets - therefore, first of all, vitamin deficiency comes to you very quickly, which indicates your health, negative, “ Evgenia Mayevskaya's warning. - In fact, no matter what a woman eats, her breast milk is filled, this is genetically determined, but a woman with such nutrition can develop anemia, teething, a decrease in the mineral density of bones, skin and accessories. damage the nervous system. "

  If you or your baby are not feeling well, you may have questions about whether you can breastfeed. Great news. Breastfeeding women almost always help each other when they are sick. See the article for more details.

  Did you know that breastfeeding makes your baby less susceptible to disease? Although it is impossible to completely avoid it, due to the protective effect of breast milk, children are less likely to get sick and recover faster than children who are formula-fed.

  Breast milk contains antibacterial and antiviral substances. 2 More breastfeeding reduces the risk of colds and flu, ear and respiratory infections, nausea, and diarrhea. 1 From conjunctivitis to cancer, scientists are already exploring the potential of using breast milk to treat disease. 3.4

  Should a sick baby be breastfed?

  yes. Breastfeeding promotes recovery and also has a calming effect on the baby. Breast milk contains antibodies, white blood cells, stem cells, and protective enzymes involved in fighting infections, helping your baby recover faster. 1.5,6 In addition, the composition of breast milk (the balance of vitamins and nutrients) is constantly adjusted to allow the baby's body to recover as quickly as possible. Therefore, less time is spent on sick leave and fewer visits to the doctor. 7

  "Breastfeeding" gives the baby everything he needs when he is sick. It is medicine, food, drink and consolation. This is the best thing in the world for a child,” says Sarah Bison, a UK nurse.

  What surprises babies when they get sick is the change in the composition of breast milk. When you come into contact with bacterial or viral infections, your body produces antibodies to fight them, and these antibodies are passed on to your baby through breast milk. 8 When a baby becomes ill, the number of immune-stimulating cells (leukocytes) also increases dramatically in breast milk. Five

  Breast milk is also highly digestible, making it ideal for babies with stomach problems.

  “My 12-month-old daughter was infected with norovirus and can only drink breast milk,” said Maya, a mother of two Spanish children. I was surprised. After 48 hours, I was able to fill the required milk per day. The child was saved from the infusion. ""

  When you are sick, you must remember that you need to change your usual breastfeeding pattern. For example, when you have a cold, you can slowly increase the amount of breastfeeding and breastfeeding because your baby may become sedated and unable to apply boobs for a long time and stuffy nose. For babies with a working nose, you can have a comfortable breastfeeding position, so don't overdo it.

  What if the baby is seriously unwell and cannot breastfeed?

  If your child is sick, you may not have an appetite or breastfeed. If you don't have an appetite for your baby, check with a healthcare facility, specialty nurses, or a nursing phase consultant to help prevent dehydration.

  In an appropriate method with little burden on the baby, such as a baby bottle and soft cup*, you can be milked. You can also stabilize your breast milk by using the pump as part of your regular breastfeeding schedule.

  You can milk milk using convenient milking, such as the latest electronic milking dollar Swingflex ** and manual milking Harmony **. Please be assured that fresh compressed breast milk protects and supports the baby like breast milk.

  If you have concerns about your baby's health or milk intake, see a doctor as soon as possible.

  Can I continue to breastfeed if I become ill myself?

  You can stop when you get sick, but most of the time it's best to continue breastfeeding. If you have symptoms such as a cold, runny nose, diarrhea, vomiting, and mastitis as usual, continue breastfeeding with your doctor's permission. The baby is unlikely to be infected with breast milk. In addition, the antibody found in breast milk helps reduce the risk of childhood infection with the same virus.

  “Breastfeeding when sick is generally safe, but also beneficial. Sarah Beeson said, "said," the baby is already intimately bonded to you and receives protected antibodies from milk every day. There's less risk of destroying your stomach or catching a cold. «

  If there is a risk of viral infection and splashes, it is best to temporarily switch to breast milk or an infant bottle.

  In order to prevent weak milk when the body is weak and due to diseases, it promotes the hairdresser, increases breast milk (average 18%) and increases fat (+1%) pumping max-and-flexibility ** it would be better to use the device caring for two people 14.

  However, breastfeeding and milking when you are sick is very tired. You must value your body so that you can take care of your child. Take plenty of water, eat as much as you can and get some rest. For a few days, go to the futon, ask your family or friends to take care of your child if possible, and do your best to recover.

  Don't worry, "milk production" will continue. The most important thing is not to stop breast milk so that it does not cause mastitis,” says Sarah.

  Appropriate hygiene management is essential to reduce the risk of disease spread. Wash hands with soap and water before and after breastfeeding and milking, preparing for meals, eating, toileting, or changing diapers. Use a tissue when coughing or sneezing, or if tissue is not available, cover your mouth at the base of your elbow (minus your palm). After coughing, sneezing or biting your nose, be sure to wash your hands or sanitize.

  Can I take medication while breastfeeding?

  You can use some medicines as long as you keep your doctor's consent and use and dosage. 9.10

  "Read the explanation on the packaging and be sure to consult your doctor." If your baby is born prematurely, is underweight or becomes ill during lactation, doctors and medications. Let's adapt. “And Sarah advises.

  “If you consult a doctor or pharmacist, please tell me you are breastfeeding,” she continues.

  What about long-term treatment?

  If you are receiving long-term treatment for diabetes, asthma, depression, and other chronic conditions, the benefits of breastfeeding may outweigh the risks. "Breastfeeding is often possible for almost all diseases, with the exception of some very rare diseases." Sarah says, “I am familiar with the medication I am taking, which is why I am pregnant while pregnant. You can consult a doctor or other experts." There are guidelines for the use of various medications used by all healthcare professionals. “Anyway, you need to talk to your doctor.

  “Even if I took a lot of epilepsy medication, I was able to raise him with breast milk,” said Nicola, a British mother. “I asked the neurologist to confirm my son's safety and to minimize the risk of attacks. I breastfed day and night for both lack of sleep and lack of sleep. I got through it and my husband supported it. It was. positive experience."

  What if I have to go to the hospital?

  If you need to be hospitalized or rushed to the hospital, there are several ways to keep your baby healthy with breast milk so you can return to normal breastfeeding after discharge.

  “Milk and store breast milk so that the guardian can give the child to the child. Practice at home ahead of time and let the doctor know they are breastfeeding before and during hospitalization. Sara recommends.

  “If your child is very young, you may be allowed to take you. Check if you have a teacher or corps consultant who can contact the hospital. Especially if you are in the general department, this expert is this expert. We will support you. In the event of an emergency admission, please tell us there is a child so you can consider it.

  Surgery under local anesthesia or general anesthesia does not necessarily mean that breastfeeding should be stopped or that breastfeeding should be withdrawn and discarded. By the time you are able to recover from surgery and be able to hug your baby, the amount of anesthesia found in breast milk has been reduced so breastfeeding can be done safely in most cases. 10 However, it is best to consult a doctor or instructor in any case in any case.

  It is desirable to establish a breast milk bank so that the status of treatment and departure does not affect the child's nutrition. It has to be done every day and it is a handy durable Medera Meda storage bag that expresses part and freezer. Even after being stored and thawed for several months, milk that is carefully prepared is so healthy that it is incomparable to artificial mixtures.

  Because it is useful and lightweight, it uses a two-phase breast, which is equipped with technology that quickly fills the growth of breast milk. For example, "Swing Flex" **, which boasts high comfort, can adjust the shape of breasts and milk in a simple position, even if she leans over 15 pillows.

  Remember to use a high speed microwave bag to destroy the milk cans beforehand. Stored Medera milk packs are sterile wrapped so they can be used immediately without processing.

  Are there times when breastfeeding is not allowed?

  In some cases, it is necessary to interrupt breastfeeding for a while for the safety of the baby, and instead of milking and milking to maintain the secretion of breast milk by the end of treatment. This includes infectious diseases such as radiation and chemotherapy for cancer, herpes for the breasts, tuberculosis, measles, and blood poisoning that are contaminated with breast milk. 11.12 In this case, consult a qualified expert about your condition to determine whether breastfeeding can continue.

  During this time, in order to maintain high-quality breastfeeding, you can use the dual electronic museum, equipped with innovative flexible technology or the use of symphonic clinical dairy rental **. You can see the list of cities that can be obtained from the "Morokumos" page on the "Use Medela -:SSOS Clinical Museum" page.

  1 Victora CG et al. Hand-feeding in the 21st century. Epidemiology, mechanism, impact on life. This is a woman. 2016-387 (10017): 475-490. -Viktor S.G. et al., "Breastfeeding at the 21st Center: Epidemiology, mechanism, long-term effects". Lancet. 2016-387 (10017): 475-490.

  2 Lönnerdal B. Physicians in breast milk J Paediatr Health Health. 2013, 49 Suppl 1:1-7. Lenerdaly B. 2013, 49 Suppl 1: 1-7.

  3 Australian Mother Care Association mother [Internet]. Topical breast milk therapy: a failed test [cited April 4, 2018]. Available at: https://www.breastfeeding.asn.au - Australian Breastfeeding Association [Internet]. See ASN.AU articles.

  4 HO JCS and others HAMLE-A Brotein-Lipid Complex has a broad spectrum of tumor activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2017 - 482(3): 454-458. — Ho J.S.S. et al.著著, "Gamle t-protein y-lipid complex with extensive antitumor activity.". -458.

  5 Hassotou Fest Al. Maternal and childhood infections quickly stimulate the reaction of white blood cells in breast milk. 2013, 2 (4): e 3. -sassiot F. and C o-Authors, "Maternal and infant infectious diseases stimulate rapid leukocyte response in breast milk." Wedge Translation Imuno.

  6 Hassiotou F, Hartmann PE. The Beginning of a New Discovery: The Possibility of Breast Milk Stem Cells . Adv Nutr. 2014-5(6): 770-77 8-Hassiot F., Hartmann P.I., "On the Threshold of a New Discovery: The Potential of Breast Milk Stem Cells" Adv Gutter. 2014-5(6): 770-778.

  7 Ladomenou Fest Al. Breastfeeding Protection of Infectious Diseases in Infancy: A Positive Study by F. Lado and Author, "The Impact of Exclusive Breastfeeding on Protection of Infection: A Prospective Study." Arch Dis Chalda 2010, 95 (12): 1004-1008.

  8 Hanson La. Hand-feeding can induce passive immunity and long-term active immunity. Allergic immunoglobulin asthma. 1998-81(6): 523-533. -Hanson L.A., "Steep steers passive and possible long") Ann Allergi Astma Immunol. 1998-81 (6): 523-533.

  9 Hale TW, Rowe He. Pult and Murdfering 2017 Edition New York, USA: Springer Publishing Company. USA: Springer Publishing Company. 2017. P. 1095.

  10 Rees-Stromtan S and ADB Clinical Protocol No. 15: Analgesia and Anesthesia for the Mother by Breast, revised 2017. Beasmed Med. 2017, 12 (9)): -ris-stimton. In addition, "AVM Clinical Protocol 15th: Anesthesia Women's Breastfeeding / Anesthesia 2017 Editorial Department" Brest Feed Med (Breastfeeding Medicine). 2017, 12(9): 500-506.

  11 Lamounier JA et al. Repair for breastfeeding during maternal infection. J Pediatrics (Rio J). 2004-80 (5SUPPL): 181 to 188. -Lumur JA, "Recommended for breastfeeding for maternal infections." F Pediatrics (Pediatric Journal) (Rio F).

  12 Hema M et al. Management of the newborn infant born to a mother with tuberculosis: current recommendations and gaps in knowledge. Indian J Med Res. 201 4-140(1): 32-39; Hema M and C o-Author Child born to a mother with tuberculosis: current recommendations and white spaces (participating in a child born to a mother with tuberculosis: current recommendation and white paper). Ind. 2014-140(1):32-39.

  13 Lönnerdal B. On the nutritional and physiological significance of human milk protein. Lenerdahl, B., "Non-feeding protein biological activity." F Pediatrics Pediatrics Ad. 2013-49 PROPOSITION 1: 1-7

  14 Prime et al., Simultaneous breast expression in breastfeeding women is more effective than breastfeeding. than sequential use. 2012-7(6): 442-447.

  15 Clinicaltrials.gov [Internet]; Bethesda MD: National Library of Medicine, USA; file data: NCT03091985.

  Hepatitis B and C - can I breastfeed?

  Unfortunately, in our time, nursing mothers often worry about the question - is it possible to breastfeed their baby if they are carriers of hepatitis B or C viruses? Will the baby get infected through breast milk?

  Only the attending physician can unambiguously answer this question, considering each specific individual case, and in our publication we will try to consider the most modern and reasonable points of view on this issue, making a small review of foreign and domestic literature.

  First, let's consider the case when the mother is sick with hepatitis B . Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes a systemic disease that affects the liver. The patient may not feel any symptoms at all, or may experience symptoms resembling a mild flu, but the disease can also develop and transient. The hepatitis B virus can be transmitted through contact with infected blood or other bodily fluids. Contact with infected mucous membranes during childbirth or during sexual contact is also a way of transmitting the virus.

  Breast milk may contain hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and it has been suggested that breastfeeding is a route of possible entry of hepatitis B virus into infants.

  However, there is no evidence that breastfeeding increases the risk of transmission to the baby. [5,12]

  Approximately 5 to 15 percent of pregnant women infected with the hepatitis B virus will pass the virus on to their babies before birth. But since the main contact of the baby with the virus occurs during or immediately before childbirth, immunoprophylaxis and vaccination in the early postpartum period have a high chance of preventing infection. This is why the hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for all newborns as part of the regular childhood vaccination schedule. [3]

  Hepatitis B vaccine significantly reduces perinatal transmission and can completely eliminate the risk that a mother can infect her baby through breastfeeding. [5,12]

  Infants born to mothers infected with hepatitis B who have already been exposed to maternal blood, amniotic fluid, and vaginal secretions at the time of birth may be breastfed. The newborn should receive immunoglobulin for hepatitis B serotherapy (HBIG) within 12 hours of birth, followed by three injections of hepatitis B vaccine: during the first week of life, at 1 month, and at 6 months.

  All infants should be under pediatric supervision - including retesting for HBsAg to rule out chronic carriage. This protocol is successful in reducing the risk related to neonatal transmission of the virus during breastfeeding. In a group of 369 infants born to women with chronic hepatitis B, none of the breastfed infants were infected with the hepatitis B virus, but nine formula-fed infants were infected with it. [9]

  Thus, breastfeeding does not increase infection rates among infants. Moreover, in areas with a high prevalence of the hepatitis B virus, not breastfeeding puts the baby at greater risk of the disease.

  And even when hepatitis C virus was found in breast milk, breastfed babies were not infected, and according to the World Health Organization, breastfeeding should be recommended to mothers with a positive test for hepatitis C virus RNA, according to the World Health Organization. [11,12,15]

  Hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is associated with later development of chronic liver disease, is now mainly acquired vertically in childhood. Perinatal transmission from mother to child is approximately 6 percent. The risk of transmission is associated with the presence of maternal HCV at birth and high maternal viral load [16].

  Despite the presence of hepatitis C virus RNA in some breast milk samples, there is no evidence that breastfeeding confers a risk of hepatitis C infection [8,16] and there are no known cases of transmission of the virus from mother to infant through breast milk. [17] The overall proportion of maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis C among breastfed infants is the same as among formula-fed infants; and infected women should be allowed to breastfeed. [6,7,10]

  An exception is a rare case of mothers in the acute period of hepatitis C acquired after childbirth, at a time when neutralizing antibodies are not yet present in her blood. [13]

  It has been suggested that sore and cracked nipples during breastfeeding may be a risk of transmission of hepatitis C virus [4,14] but this theory is hypothetical and has not been well substantiated. A disturbing implication of this recommendation is that it implies a ban on breastfeeding if the mother has hepatitis C, while so many women have temporary nipple injury after childbirth. [3]

  The National Strategy for Infant Feeding in the Russian Federation, published in 2008, also states that “Currently, the presence of hepatitis B and C in women is not a contraindication to breastfeeding, but feeding is carried out through special silicone pads.” [1]

  And, in conclusion, we can consider the table of contraindications to breastfeeding, presented in the textbook on neonatology, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, President of the Union of Pediatricians of St. Petersburg, Nikolai Pavlovich Shabalov:

  Contraindications for breastfeeding (WHO training workshop Basic Newborn Care and Breastfeeding, 2002) [2]

  Status

  Breastfeeding(1) contraindicated

  Breast milk (2) contraindicated

  NO

  YES

  "?"

  NO

  YES

  "?"

  Temporary

  Permanent

  Temporary

  Permanent

  partially

  fully

  partially

  fully

  partially

  fully

  partially

  fully

  Galactosemia (child)

  x

  x

  Leucinosis ketonuria, maple syrup disease (child)

  x(a)

  x(a)

  Phenylketonuria (child)

  x(a)

  x(a)

  Herpetic stomatitis (child)

  x

  x

  HIV/AIDS (child)

  b

  b

  Maternal common non-severe infections

  x

  x

  Chicken pox (maternal)

  x(d)

  x

  Cytamegalovirus (maternal)

  x

  x

  Gonorrhea (mother)

  x(e)

  x

  Hepatitis A (maternal)

  x

  x

  Hepatitis B (maternal)

  x(c)

  x(c)

  Herpes simplex (chest lesion)

  b

  x

  HIV/AIDS (maternal)

  b

  b

  Leprosy (mother)

  x

  x

  Staphylococcus aureus (mother)

  x

  x

  Streptococcus (mother)

  x(e)

  x

  Syphilis (mother)

  x(e)

  x

  Taxoplasmosis (maternal)

  x

  x

  Tuberculosis (maternal)

  b

  b

  Mastitis (mother)

  x

  x

  Breast abscess (maternal)

  g

  b

  Breast cancer

  x(h)

  x

  Endometritis (maternal)

  x

  x

  Urinary tract infections (maternal)

  x

  x

  "?" - conflicting opinions. (1) These tables apply only to biological mothers who are breastfeeding or expressing milk for their child. (2) Milk should be expressed regularly during the period of suspension of breastfeeding. (a) Monitor the level of the toxic metabolite in the child's blood. (b) Conflicting opinions, decisions are made on a case-by-case basis, literature should be reviewed. (c) If possible, give the newborn immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine. (d) If the mother develops the disease within 6 days before or 2 days after delivery, then give the uninfected child specific anti-varicella immunoglobulin and give acyclovir, separate the child from the mother until her infection disappears. (e) 24 hours after the appearance of the therapeutic level of antibodies in the mother. (f) If there are lesions on the breast or nipple, they must be cleaned before feeding. (g) Feeding on an abscessed breast depends on the location of the abscess, the drainage incision, and whether the milk duct is affected. (h) In the interests of the health of the mother, breast-feeding may only be allowed after complete treatment has been completed.

  Call a consultant Have questions? +7 (812) 956-3-954

  References:

  References:

  1. GU Scientific Center for Children's Health of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; AND I. Kon, State Research Institute of Nutrition RAMS . National strategy for feeding children in the first year of life in the Russian Federation. Natural feeding. PEDIATRIC PRACTICE, Baby food. March, 2008
  2. Shabalov N.P., Neonatology: Textbook. allowance: In 2 volumes / N.P. Shabalov. - T. I. - 3rd ed., Rev. and additional — M.: MEDpress-inform, 2004. — 608 p. : illus.
  3. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (Jones and Bartlett Series in Breastfeeding/Human Lactation) by Jan Riordan Publishe r: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 3rd Edition, 2004. Pages: 819.
  4. Buckhold KM., Who’s afraid of hepatitis C? Am J Nurs 100:26–31, 2000.
  5. De Martino, m. Et al . Should hepatitis b surface antigen positivemothers breast feed? Archives of disease in childhood, 60: 972–974 (1985).
  6. Fischler B et al. Vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus infection. Scand J Infect Dis 28:353–56, 1996.
  7. Gibb DM et al . Mother-to-mother transmission of hepatitis C virus: evidence for preventable peripartum transmission. Lancet 356(9233):904–7, 2000.
  8. Hardikar W . Advances in pediatric gastroenterology and hepatology. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 17:476–81, 2002
  9. Hill JB et al. Risk of hepatitis B transmission in breast-fed infants of chronic hepatitis B carriers. Obstet and Gynecol 6:1049–52, 2002).
  10. Ho-Hsiung L et al. Absence of infection in breast-fed infants born to hepatitis C virus-infected mothers. J Pediatr 126:589–91, 1995.
  11. Kage, m. Et al. Hepatitis c virus RNA present in saliva but absent in breast-milk of the hepatitis c carrier mother. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 12: 518–521 (1997).
  12. Kim Fleischer Michaelsen, Lawrence Weaver, Francesco Branca and Aileen Robertson , Infant Feeding and Nutrition? and children? early age. Guidelines for the WHO European Region with a special focus on the republics of the former Soviet Union. WHO Regional Publications, European Series, No 87. World Health Organization, 2001 Updated reprint 2003.
  13. Polywka S et al. Low risk of vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus by breast milk. Clin Infect Dis 29:1327–29, 1999.
  14. Roberts EA, Yeung L. Maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus. Hepatology 36: S106-13, 2002.
  15. Spencer, j.d. et al. T ransmission of hepatitis c virus to infants of human immunodeficiency virus-negative intravenous drug-using mothers: rate of infection and assessment of risk factors for transmission. Journal of viral hepatology, 4: 395–409 (1997).

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