Feel sick pregnant

Vomiting and morning sickness - NHS

Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, often known as morning sickness, is very common in early pregnancy.

It can affect you at any time of the day or night or you may feel sick all day long.

Morning sickness is unpleasant, and can significantly affect your day-to-day life. But it usually clears up by weeks 16 to 20 of your pregnancy and does not put your baby at any increased risk.

There is a chance of developing a severe form of pregnancy sickness called hyperemesis gravidarum. This can be serious, and there's a chance you may not get enough fluids in your body (dehydration) or not get enough nutrients from your diet (malnourishment). You may need specialist treatment, sometimes in hospital.

Sometimes urinary tract infections (UTIs) can also cause nausea and vomiting. A UTI usually affects the bladder, but can spread to the kidneys.

Non-urgent advice: Call your midwife, GP or 111 if:

you're vomiting and:

have very dark-coloured urine or have not had a pee in more than 8 hours
are unable to keep food or fluids down for 24 hours
feel severely weak, dizzy or faint when standing up
have tummy (abdominal) pain
have a high temperature
vomit blood
have lost weight

Treatments for morning sickness

Unfortunately, there's no hard and fast treatment that will work for everyone’s morning sickness. Every pregnancy will be different.

But there are some changes you can make to your diet and daily life to try to ease the symptoms.

If these do not work for you or you're having more severe symptoms, your doctor or midwife might recommend medicine.

Things you can try yourself

If your morning sickness is not too bad, your GP or midwife will initially recommend you try some lifestyle changes:

get plenty of rest (tiredness can make nausea worse)
avoid foods or smells that make you feel sick
eat something like dry toast or a plain biscuit before you get out of bed
eat small, frequent meals of plain foods that are high in carbohydrate and low in fat (such as bread, rice, crackers and pasta)
eat cold foods rather than hot ones if the smell of hot meals makes you feel sick
drink plenty of fluids, such as water (sipping them little and often may help prevent vomiting)
eat foods or drinks containing ginger – there's some evidence ginger may help reduce nausea and vomiting (check with your pharmacist before taking ginger supplements during pregnancy)
try acupressure – there's some evidence that putting pressure on your wrist, using a special band or bracelet on your forearm, may help relieve the symptoms

Find out more about vitamins and supplements in pregnancy

Anti-sickness medicine

If your nausea and vomiting is severe and does not improve after trying the above lifestyle changes, your GP may recommend a short-term course of an anti-sickness medicine, called an antiemetic, that's safe to use in pregnancy.

Often this will be a type of antihistamine, which are usually used to treat allergies but also work as medicines to stop sickness (antiemetic).

Antiemetics will usually be given as tablets for you to swallow.

But if you cannot keep these down, your doctor may suggest an injection or a type of medicine that's inserted into your bottom (suppository).

See your GP if you'd like to talk about getting anti-sickness medication.

Risk factors for morning sickness

It's thought hormonal changes in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy are probably one of the causes of morning sickness.

But you may be more at risk of it if:

you're having twins or more
you had severe sickness and vomiting in a previous pregnancy
you tend to get motion sickness (for example, car sick)
you have a history of migraine headaches
morning sickness runs in the family
you used to feel sick when taking contraceptives containing oestrogen
it's your first pregnancy
you're obese (your BMI is 30 or more)
you're experiencing stress

Visit the pregnancy sickness support site for tips for you and your partner on dealing with morning sickness.

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Video: how can I cope with morning sickness?

In this video, a midwife gives advice on how to deal with morning sickness during your pregnancy.

Media last reviewed: 27 February 2017
Media review due: 27 March 2020

Community content from HealthUnlocked

Page last reviewed: 13 April 2021
Next review due: 13 April 2024

Tips to Help You Feel Better During Pregnancy

During pregnancy, there can be times when you don’t feel well. You may experience nausea and vomiting, heartburn, constipation, a decrease in appetite or swelling in your feet and ankles. Below are some tips to help you manage or avoid some of these uncomfortable feelings.

Nausea and vomiting and pregnancy

Over half of all women suffer from nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Feeling sick is most likely caused by changes in your body such as high levels of hormones in your blood. Nausea and vomiting usually go away after the first trimester. For some women it can last longer, sometimes until the end of pregnancy.

Don’t worry if you can’t eat well for a few weeks. This will not harm you or your baby. Do your best to get enough fluids and eat foods that appeal to you when you feel hungry.

Get help from your dietitian or health care provider if you are so sick that you miss meals day after day or you are losing weight very quickly.

To help you cope:

Eat small, frequent meals and snacks. Try to eat every two hours so that your stomach does not become empty.
Choose high protein meals and snacks. Try pita with hummus, cheese and crackers, a small bowl of rice and beans, or yogurt with granola.
Take small sips of fluid often during the day. Try to avoid cold, tart or sweet drinks like juice, fruit drinks or lemonade.
Keep foods and drinks separate. Avoid drinking fluids just before, during or right after a meal.
Keep crackers at your bedside. Eat a few crackers and rest for 15 minutes before getting out of bed.
Use ginger. Try fresh or ground ginger, ginger ale or ginger tea. You can also take ginger capsules in doses up to 250 mg four times a day. Larger amounts may not be safe. Choose a product with a Natural Product Number (NPN).

If these changes are not enough to help you feel better, talk to your health care provider about medications or other treatments such as acupressure or acupuncture.

What about my prenatal multivitamin?

If you feel that your prenatal multivitamin makes your symptoms worse, do not stop taking it. Try taking your multivitamin with food or just before bed. Ask your dietitian or health care provider to suggest pills that are smaller or have less iron (since iron supplements may make you feel worse).

If this does not help, take a folic acid supplement (0.4 to 1.0 mg) by itself until you feel better.

Heartburn and pregnancy

The pressure of your growing baby and hormone changes can cause heartburn. Get tips to help you cope with heartburn here.

Do not use antacids without talking to your health care provider first. Not all antacids are safe while you are pregnant.

Constipation and pregnancy

Food passes through your body more slowly while you are pregnant so you can absorb the extra nutrients that you and your baby need. This may cause you to become constipated.

To help you manage:

Drink plenty of fluids. Drink at least 2.3 litres (9 and a half cups) of fluids like water, milk, juice, soup and caffeine-free coffee and tea. Warm or hot fluids may be especially helpful.
Eat more high fibre foods. You need at least 28 grams of fibre per day while you are pregnant. Add high fibre foods slowly to your diet to avoid gas, bloating, cramps and diarrhea. Try these high fibre meal and snack ideas.
Have prunes, pears and apples. These fruits have a laxative effect and may help to make your stool softer and easier to pass.
Be active. Daily physical activity can help keep you regular. It also is important for a healthy pregnancy. Walking is an easy and safe way to be active every day.

Do not use laxatives without talking to your health care provider. Laxatives may start labour contractions.

Poor appetite and pregnancy

There may be times when you do not feel like eating while you are pregnant, especially if you are not feeling well or are constipated. In addition, as your baby continues to grow, your stomach can’t hold as much food causing you to feel full quickly.

To help you meet your energy needs:

Eat small, frequent meals and snacks. Smaller amounts of food can help prevent you from feeling too full.
Enjoy drinks that are high in energy and protein. Make smoothies with milk or fortified soy beverage, yogurt, skim milk powder (for extra protein), banana, peanut butter, puréed silken tofu, frozen berries and nut butters.
Enjoy high energy foods. Try unsalted nuts and seeds, dried fruits, avocado, salmon, cheese and nut butters.

Try these recipes
Banana Nut Smoothie
Mini Mushroom Omelettes
Energy Bites
Mango Chicken Wraps
Apple Cinnamon Baked Oatmeal
Yogurt Banana Split
Chicken and Corn Chowder

Swelling and pregnancy

You may notice some swelling in your feet, ankles or your hands. Water retention is normal while you are pregnant.

To help reduce swelling:

Drink plenty of fluids. It is important to drink plenty of water while you are pregnant, even if you are feeling bloated. Water carries nutrients to your body and to your growing baby, takes away waste products from your baby and from you, keeps you cool, helps prevent constipation and helps control swelling. White milk and unsweetened fortified plant-based beverages are also healthy drink options.
Limit high salt snack foods, fast foods and convenience foods. You do not need to restrict your salt intake while you are pregnant, but too much salt can contribute to water retention Check out this article for tips on lowering your salt intake.
Put your feet up when you are sitting. Sleep with extra pillows under your feet. Avoid crossing your legs or feet.
Be active. Daily physical activity can help reduce swelling. It is also important for a healthy pregnancy. Walking is an easy and safe way to be active every day.
Talk to your health care provider if you notice a rapid increase in your weight or swelling in your upper arms or face.

How can a dietitian help?

A dietitian can suggest personalized strategies for overcoming these pregnancy discomforts. Your dietitian will also carefully review what you are eating and drinking to make sure you are getting enough nutrients for you and your baby even when you don’t feel well. Connect with a dietitian today!

Bottom line

Every woman has a different experience during pregnancy and it is normal to sometimes feel unwell. Talk to your dietitian if you feel that you are not eating well because of how you are feeling.

You may also be interested in:

Eating for a Healthy Pregnancy
Fill up on Fibre: Meal and Snack ideas
Facts on Fluids – How to Stay Hydrated
What Can I Expect When I go and See a Dietitian?

This article was written and reviewed by dietitians from Dietitians of Canada

Last Update – November 19, 2021

Pregnancy is not a disease, or a few words about how to cope with discomfort .

Both can be attributed to the extremes of behavior. But let's be clear from the start: pregnancy is not a disease. This is a special state of the body, waiting for the miracle of the birth of a new life, but in no way a reason to lie on the couch all day in fear of harming the unborn baby with excessive body movements. Let's see what happens in a woman's body when she finds herself in an "interesting position."

I want to sleep... and I don't feel like it

Drowsiness, fatigue, mood swings are not a reason to panic. Now there are two of you, and the body must switch to a new wave. Your husband still loves you, your family and friends are happy for you, and the cat is not plotting evil against you - the surge in hormones is to blame. The body begins to produce some of them, such as progesterone and relaxin, in greater quantities. Your body is adjusting and it needs time to get used to it. Yes, and a pregnant woman needs to get used to the idea of her new status, hence the surge of emotions. In the first three months of pregnancy, many women feel increased fatigue and drowsiness - energy consumption increases, metabolic rate changes. Your body is now working for two, so you need to make sure that you and your baby get enough vitamins. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the diet, minimize junk, fatty foods and fast food, eat more vegetables, fruits, dairy products. And, of course, no alcohol. Even in small doses, it can harm the unborn baby.

In the second half of pregnancy, the opposite condition often occurs - insomnia. The expectant mother may dream of sleep, but only her head touches the longed-for pillow ... and no counting of non-existent sheep helps. This is also normal. Try taking a short walk outside before bed, listening to relaxing music, or reading a book.

Food, I don't love you!

Another unpleasant companion of a pregnant woman is morning sickness, the sudden attacks of which spoil life in the first months. Neither crowned persons are immune from it (remember even the British princess, whose news about toxicosis is still full of all Internet portals), nor ordinary citizens. And sometimes the cause of toxicosis can be smells that you did not pay attention to before or, on the contrary, even loved: the aroma of coffee, perfumes, or even the smell of fried meat. Such manifestations of your "interesting position" are also normal. Of course, there are rare cases when nausea interferes with the normal course of pregnancy, and special treatment is needed here. Fortunately, these are the exception rather than the rule. You can only talk about danger if other symptoms, such as high blood pressure or severe swelling, join nausea.

Scientists suggest that morning sickness is also associated with the restructuring of the body's hormonal system. Therefore, there is no need to be afraid and go in cycles in them. And without a doctor's prescription, you should not use medicines. After all, a baby who lives and develops inside you is completely defenseless against all the "chemistry" that enters the mother's body.

Another unpleasant companion of a pregnant woman is heartburn. It appears, as a rule, in the later stages due to the fact that the baby is growing, the uterus is enlarged and displaces the abdominal organs and they put pressure on the diaphragm. To alleviate the symptoms, it is again necessary to adjust the diet. Eliminate fatty and heavy foods, which are harder to digest and after eating which heartburn is likely to come to visit you. You can drink herbal teas from chamomile and calendula, still mineral water, kefir or yogurt. They are good for soothing an irritated stomach.

Sometimes, especially in winter, a pregnant woman may experience skin irritation. You don't have to be scared right away. This may be due to a change in metabolism, and not at all an allergy or a “terrible” disease. The cause of peeling and irritation is a change in metabolism. Try to wear natural fabrics during pregnancy, and use creams with a minimum content of preservatives and fragrances as cosmetics.

Tired of running every day

Heaviness in the legs, cramps, swelling - such symptoms are familiar to almost all pregnant women. And this is also understandable. The veins now have to pump half a liter more blood to the heart than usual, so the reverse flow of blood slows down, the legs swell. Therefore, during pregnancy, you should forget about high-heeled shoes. It is better to choose something more comfortable and practical so that the weight of the body is distributed throughout the foot. In addition, carry out relaxing procedures: a contrast shower, cool compresses on the calves of the legs. You can put your feet on an elevation for 20 minutes, this will improve blood circulation.

In the second half of pregnancy, there may be discomfort in the lower back. Usually they occur due to poor posture, weight gain, uncomfortable shoes. In addition, hormones are again to blame. Progesterone softens the ligaments and joints, preparing the body for childbirth, but at the same time weakening the stability of the spine. A light exercise will help, where it is worth including dance movements - swaying and circular rotations of the hips. The “kitty” exercise also helps: when a pregnant woman stands on all fours and alternately arches her back, then lowers herself to the starting position. And of course, watch your posture: you should not pretend to be a fishhook. In addition, both swelling and back pain are perfectly treated by the pool.

Of course, all these inconveniences of pregnancy annoy, interfere and often even frighten the expectant mother. But do not set yourself up in advance negatively. In the end, the result of a long and difficult journey will be the birth of a long-awaited baby. Therefore, take pregnancy not as a disease, but as a period of life when you can be a little capricious and pamper yourself.

Alekhina S.V. - senior nurse of the Perinatal Center

Bulgakova O.V. – senior midwife of the Department of Pathology of Pregnancy No. 3

Psycho-emotional disorders during pregnancy.

The need for their correction | Tyutyunnik V.L., Mikhailova O.I., Chukhareva N.A.

Currently, more and more attention is paid to the influence of a woman's psycho-emotional state on reproductive function, pregnancy and perinatal outcomes [2,4,14]. In recent years, in developed countries, there has been an increase in the frequency of various mental disorders in women of reproductive age, the proportion of patients taking psychotropic drugs has increased, including among women who are planning a pregnancy and pregnant women [3,6,9].

Almost all pregnant women are subject to sharp emotional swings, since the expectation of a child is associated with changes - both physical and emotional. Hormonal changes during pregnancy lead to the fact that the mood of a pregnant woman changes dramatically almost every hour.
A future mother can get rid of such emotional swings and feel calm during pregnancy by observing the rules of emotional health. Emotional balance and physical fitness are equally important for a pregnant woman, they equally help her prepare for motherhood. Due to the lack of maternal experience, a pregnant woman may experience sudden emotional outbursts. The first pregnancy is a new experience that is quite difficult to comprehend. Ignoring the fact that the emotions of a woman who is expecting a child is much more complex and sharper than usual, can lead to a number of problems, including in relations with her spouse. Acceptance of this fact is the basis of emotional health during pregnancy [1,5,11].
Also, if a woman is pregnant for the first time, she experiences many fears, which include fear of childbirth and untimely termination of pregnancy, concern about the health of the unborn child and her own health, fear of labor pains and inevitable pain, fear of partner / spouse disappointment due to changes occurring with body. Modern women have to worry about careers, financial problems, and many additional costs associated with the appearance and upbringing of a new family member.
All these fears can lead to many negative emotions, such as anxiety, depression, irritation, anxiety, stress, anger, feelings of loneliness, confusion. Most often, changes in the psycho-emotional background during pregnancy lead to the development of depressive and anxiety disorders. Until the end, the pathogenesis of these changes is unclear, several theories are discussed, it is believed that changes in the hormonal background during pregnancy, including a significant increase in estrogens, and especially progesterone, in the blood serum can exacerbate existing emotional disorders [5,7,15]. As a rule, minor manifestations in the form of irritability, tearfulness, resentment accompany manifestations of early toxicosis in the first trimester of pregnancy - nausea, vomiting, etc. [6,10]. After the disappearance of these symptoms, the neuropsychic state of pregnant women usually improves. At the same time, an important role in the development of anxiety states is played by certain physical discomfort and psychological factors, which include forced changes in lifestyle, communication in the family and with work colleagues, concern for the health of the unborn child, financial difficulties - all this contributes to the appearance or exacerbation of psycho-emotional disorders during pregnancy. For some women, the onset of pregnancy is unexpected and not always desirable, however, due to the circumstances, a decision is made to prolong this pregnancy, which can lead to a further increase in stress and anxiety [5,8,12]. It should be noted that additional psychotraumatic factors may appear during pregnancy, such as the occurrence of pregnancy complications requiring hospitalization, or the detection of congenital malformations in the fetus, which can cause negative images and feelings [1,10,12].
The state of psycho-emotional stress with the presence of anxiety of various levels is observed in 40% of women with a normal pregnancy [2,7,11]. Borderline neuropsychiatric disorders can be presented in the form of hypochondriacal and hysterical syndromes. However, there are other forms of gestational borderline neuropsychiatric disorders, their features are the invariable inclusion in the clinical picture of certain psychopathological phenomena directly related to pregnancy: various fears for the successful course of pregnancy, obsessive fears for the fate of the fetus, expectation of childbirth, conditioned reflex fears associated with unfavorable past pregnancies and childbirth [5,6,8]. A study of pregnant women who do not have signs of borderline neuropsychiatric disorders showed that character accentuation was established only in a quarter of women. The first trimester of pregnancy is usually characterized to some extent by the sharpening of existing character traits. Soft, vulnerable, insecure women become even more impressionable, sometimes excessively tearful, and anxious (those women who have had miscarriages in the past or this pregnancy are not going well, in this case, the fear of another abortion can become simply obsessive) ). Powerful women with a sharp character can become even more aggressive, irritable and demanding. In the third trimester of pregnancy, emotional swings may begin again in connection with the expectation of childbirth, and with them fear - especially women who have to experience this event for the first time are susceptible to it [5,6,11].
Anxiety disorders may first appear during pregnancy, there may be a change in the course of already existing disorders. In one retrospective study in women with panic attacks, 20% of cases showed a decrease in symptoms during pregnancy, 54% remained unchanged, and 26% worsened the course of the disease [12]. The detection of depression in pregnant women is difficult. Many symptoms, such as emotional lability, increased fatigue, changes in appetite and cognitive decline, are often found in physiologically normal pregnancy. Under stress, the hormones of the adrenal glands of the mother release catecholamines (stress hormones) into the blood, and during the experience of positive emotions (joy, calm, etc.), the hypothalamic structures produce endorphins, which, penetrating through the placental barrier, directly affect the fetus. Consequently, mother and child are a single neurohumoral organism, and each of them equally suffers from the adverse influence of the outside world, which is recorded in long-term memory, affecting the entire subsequent life of the child. Positive maternal emotions cause an increase in the growth of the fetus and an increase in the level of its sensory perception.
According to the literature [2,5,11,15], a significant effect of anxiety disorders on the course of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes has been noted: the frequency of placental insufficiency, fetal growth retardation, premature birth, the birth of children with low body weight, which subsequently affects negatively on long-term forecast for them.
Thus, emotional swings are dangerous not only for the woman herself, but also for her unborn child. When a pregnant woman experiences stress, her body produces more of the hormone cortisol, the main “stress hormone”. Cortisol increases blood pressure and blood sugar levels, negatively affects the strength of the immune system - which, of course, adversely affects the health of the child.
Stress during pregnancy is dangerous for a variety of reasons. Chronic stress experienced for several weeks can slow down the development of the cells of the body of the embryo, the growth of the fetus. This increases the risk of miscarriage or spontaneous abortion or premature birth. Elevated levels of stress hormones can damage the brain of an unborn baby and lead to parenting problems later on.
Psychological stress in the perinatal period brings with it a whole range of problems that require serious attention to the psychological sphere of a pregnant woman in order to avoid obstetric and other complications. However, diagnostic criteria for the transition of the stress syndrome from the link of adaptation to the link of pathogenesis of various diseases have not yet been found [2,4,15].
Emotional control is necessary to maintain normal emotional balance during pregnancy. A pregnant woman who successfully manages her emotions is aware of the changing emotional balance and is ready to accept what is happening to her.
There are several basic rules that will help to cope with emotional imbalance:
• You must come to terms with the fact that physical and emotional changes are an inevitable part of the pregnancy period. You need to understand that this is a temporary stage that will last only a few months and end a maximum of 1-2 months after the birth of the child.
• Each trimester of pregnancy brings new changes, both in the body and in the emotional state. The main source of information about pregnancy is special literature and the experience of women who have recently given birth, who can share their feelings and experiences.
• A pregnant woman is responsible for the emergence of a new life. Taking care of yourself means taking care of your child. Proper nutrition, rest and self-indulgence are essential.
• A pregnant woman should be open to dialogue and not be afraid to discuss her problems with a gynecologist, partner or friends - anyone who can provide emotional support. You should not keep fears and worries in yourself - this will only aggravate internal tension.
• Changes associated with pregnancy can lead to low energy and, as a result, rapid fatigue. You need to slow down, re-prioritize your work, and give yourself a break.
• Emotional tension and negative emotions can be overcome by being distracted by pleasant activities or hobbies. When emotions overwhelm you, try to analyze what is bothering you, and then find an adequate solution.
• Engaging in certain physical activities designed specifically for expectant mothers will help improve both physical and emotional health.
• The main components of emotional health during pregnancy are rest and comfort.
However, unfortunately, during pregnancy, a woman cannot always cope with nervous tension, irritability, anxiety, excitement and other symptoms of stress on her own. Therefore, in some situations, she needs medical help.
The relative risk of using drugs during pregnancy makes it difficult to choose therapy, therefore, for the correction of psycho-emotional disorders that occur during pregnancy, herbal drugs that have practically no side effects can be considered as highly safe therapy.
The basis of anti-anxiety complex herbal remedies is valerian. It has been used in traditional medicine for many years for its hypnotic and sedative effects and remains a highly sought after remedy to this day. The mild hypnotic effect of valerian makes it possible to use it for the relief of shallow insomnia caused by anxiety. In addition, the vegetotropic effect of valerian is well known, its ability to have a uniform effect on both mental and somatic (vegetative) symptoms of anxiety. Valerian preparations also have anxiolytic and neuroprotective effects. The spectrum of side effects of valerian is very narrow and practically limited only to allergic reactions. Although valerian extract is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system, it has virtually no effect on the metabolism of other drugs, and thus unwanted drug interactions are excluded.
Among the phytopreparations used by clinicians for the treatment of psycho-emotional disorders, Persen, a modern combined sedative preparation of plant origin, is widely used to relieve stress symptoms (anxiety, irritability and emotional stress) without causing drowsiness. Along with valerian, the composition of the drug includes dry extracts of medicinal plants with pronounced anxiolytic activity - peppermint and lemon balm (Table 1). The additional antispasmodic effect of peppermint makes it possible to successfully use the drug in patients with a pronounced somatic component of the anxiety syndrome. In addition, lemon balm has a nootropic (increased concentration and speed of problem solving), antioxidant effect. Persen is administered orally to adults and adolescents over 12 years old, 2-3 coated tablets, 2-3 times / day, Persen forte - inside to adults and adolescents over 12 years old, 1-2 capsules 2-3 times / day.
The advantages of Persen over other sedatives are:
• the preparation contains only natural ingredients;
• the effectiveness and safety of herbal ingredients Persena are well studied;
• does not contain alcohol and bromine;
• can be combined with any psychotropic drugs, including antidepressants;
• effective as a fast-acting symptomatic remedy when it is necessary to stop the symptoms of anxiety, agitation, and during a course of treatment for stress conditions, anxiety and phobic disorders.
Due to the natural components of plant origin that are part of Persen, this drug can be used during pregnancy. In each case, the doctor must evaluate the benefits and risks of taking Persen and other drugs, depending on the severity of the symptoms of the disease.
Thus, to prevent possible development, as well as to treat psycho-emotional disorders in pregnant women, it is advisable to use sedatives, the effect of which softens the damaging effects of psychogenic factors.

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