Baby 3 and a half months old

1-3 Months Old Baby Development

Have you noticed how your baby’s tiny fingers curl around yours or close into fists? Or how your little one startles at a loud noise? Your baby was born with these and other reflexes, which will get less noticeable as your baby hits their 1-3 month milestone.

Doctors use milestones to tell if a baby is developing as expected. There’s a wide range of what’s considered normal, so some babies gain skills earlier or later than others. Babies who were born prematurely may reach milestones later. Always talk with your doctor about your baby’s progress.

How Much Will My 1- to 3-Month-Old Grow?

While all babies may grow at a different rate, the following indicates the average for boys and girls 1 to 3 months of age:

• Weight: average gain of about 1.5 to 2 pounds each month
• Height: average growth of about 1 inch each month
• Head size: average growth of about 0.5 inches each month

Your baby can go through periods of increased hunger and fussiness. This increase in hunger means your baby is going through a period of fast growth (a growth spurt). If you breastfeed, you might find your baby wants to eat more often during certain times of the day, and sometimes, every hour. This is called “cluster feeding.” Formula-fed babies may want to eat more often or will drink more formula than usual during feedings.

As your baby reaches 1 to 3 months, you’ll start to learn the signs that tell you that your baby is hungry or when your baby is full. You will know your baby is hungry when they seem restless, cry a lot, stick out their tongue or suck on their hands and lips. You will know your baby is full when they are no longer interested in feeding or falls asleep at the end of a feeding session. Remember, babies’ tummies are very small, and they need to be burped after feedings to release gas that can cause discomfort.

During your 1 to 3 month checkups, the doctor will measure your baby’s weight, length and head circumference and track their growth on a standardized growth chart. Note, there are different charts for boys and girls. Your baby might be large, small or medium-sized compared to the growth chart. As long as this growth pattern stays consistent over time, chances are your baby’s progress will be just fine.

If your baby is born prematurely, keep in mind that growth and development should not be compared with that of a full-term child. Preemies will need to be followed more closely and may need to be weighed more often during the first months to make sure they are growing properly.

What Can My 1 to 3-Month-Old Baby Do at This Age?

As your baby begins to grow, you will notice new and exciting abilities that develop. Babies at this age begin to relax the tight muscle tone of newborns and begin extending their arms and legs more. While babies may progress at different rates, the following are some of the common milestones your baby may reach in this age group:

• Some of the newborn protective reflexes begin to disappear
• Neck muscles become stronger, head bobs then is held erect
• Turns head from side to side when placed on abdomen
• Brings hands or objects to mouth
• Looks at hands
• Follows light, faces, objects
• Listens to sounds
• Opens and closes hands
• Holds, then drops a rattle or other object
• Active leg movements

At the end of 3 months:

• Raises head and chest when placed on abdomen
• Beginning to reach hands to objects, may bat at hanging object with hands

What Can My 1- to 3-Month-Old Baby Say?

It is very exciting for parents to watch their babies become social beings that can interact with others. While every baby develops speech at their own rate, the following are some of the common milestones in this age group:

• Begins to imitate some sounds (coos, vowel sounds)
• Cries become more purposeful and are different for hunger, fatigue and other needs

What Does My 1- to 3-Month-Old Baby Understand?

A baby’s understanding and awareness of the world around them increases during this time. While babies may progress at different rates, the following are some of the common milestones in this age group:

• Knows familiar voices, especially of their parents
• Smiles in response to others
• Responds to social contact, may coo
• Moves arms, legs, body in rhythm with other’s voice

What Can My 1- to 3-Month-Old Baby See?

Babies at this age can focus on shapes that are close by but see distant objects as blurry because they are nearsighted. As babies grow, their eyesight improves. By the end of 3 months, they can follow a moving object, are more interested in shapes and patterns and can spot familiar faces, even at a distance. Human faces are one of their favorite things to look at, especially their own face or a parent’s face. Installing a baby-safe crib mirror at your baby’s eye level can be great for development at this age.

Your baby’s color vision is also developing at 1 to 3 months, so brightly colored wall hangings or toys will help develop your little one’s ability to distinguish color. Soft pastel colors, though, are hard for a baby to distinguish — something to keep in mind when buying toys and books.

What Can My 1- to 3-Month-Old Baby Hear?

Your baby has been hearing sounds since way back in the womb. Mother’s heartbeat, the gurgles of her digestive system, and even the sounds of her voice and the voices of other family members are part of a baby’s world before birth.

Once your baby is born, the sounds of the outside world come in loud and clear. At 1 to 3 months, your baby may startle at the unexpected bark of a dog nearby or seem soothed by the gentle whirring of the clothes dryer or the hum of the vacuum cleaner.

Your baby loves to hear your voice, so talk, babble, sing and coo away. Take special advantage of your baby’s own “talking” to have a conversation. If you hear your baby make a sound, repeat it and wait for them to make another. You are teaching your baby valuable lessons about tone, pacing and taking turns when talking to someone else.

Babies this age seem to respond best to a higher-pitched voice, which is why most people naturally raise the pitch of their voices and exaggerate their speech when talking to a baby. This is fine — studies have shown that “baby talk” doesn’t delay speech development. In fact, responding to your baby encourages speech. Feel free to mix in some regular adult words and tone with the baby talk. It may seem early, but you’re setting the stage for your baby’s first words.

Besides voices, your baby will probably enjoy listening to music (play a variety of styles) and may be fascinated by the routine sounds of life as well. Keep your baby nearby as you rattle pans while making dinner and let them sit in a baby seat within earshot of older siblings laughing and playing. Baby rattles, musical mobiles and toys are other good ways to stimulate your baby’s hearing.

Your newborn probably had a hearing screening before being released from the hospital. If not, or if your baby was born at home/a birthing center, it’s important to have a hearing screening as soon as possible. Most children who are born with a hearing loss can be diagnosed through a hearing screening.

How Long Should My 1- to 3-Month-Old Baby Sleep?

Just when you think that getting more shut-eye is a far-off dream, your baby will begin to sleep longer stretches at night. As a baby’s sleep cycle gets closer to yours, your baby may be feeding less often at night. At this stage, “sleeping through the night” is considered to be a stretch of about five to six hours.

Babies at this age are more awake, alert and aware of their surroundings during daylight hours, so they’re more likely to be tired at night and sleep. Infants up to 3 months old should get 14-17 hours of sleep over a 24-hour period. Many will have settled into a daily sleep routine of two or three naps during the day, followed by a longer “sleeping through the night” stretch after a late-night feeding.

Check out our healthy sleep for babies to get more info.

How Can I Help Increase My 1- to 3-Month-Old Baby’s Development And Emotional Security?

Young babies need the security of a parent’s arms, and they understand the reassurance and comfort of your voice, tone and emotions. Consider the following as ways to foster emotional security of your newborn:

• Hold your baby face-to-face and make eye contact.
• Talk to your baby with a soothing, animated voice throughout the day while dressing, bathing, feeding or playing with your baby.
• Sing to your baby.
• Give your baby rattles and soft toys with different sounds.
• Let your baby hear different sounds (for example, wind chime, ticking clock, soft music or music box).
• Show your baby bright pictures of black and white images.
• Hang a mobile with bright objects above your baby.
• Call your baby by name.
• Hold your baby during feedings and provide comfort when he or she is distressed and cuddling when happy.

Reviewed by Dr. Vivi Tran, Los Alamitos Pediatrics, CHOC Primary Care – May 2021

Your baby's growth and development - 3 months old

5-minute read

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By 3 months, your baby will have formed a strong attachment to you. They will respond to you with lots of smiles, and might even talk back to you in their own way. The worst of the crying should be nearly over, and you can really enjoy your baby as they grow into their own little person.

Your 3-month-old

By the time your baby is 3 months, the fontanelle (soft spot at the back of their head) should have closed. There will still be a soft spot on top of their head. It might seem as if your baby’s head has grown faster than their body. It’s normal – the body will soon catch up.

You will still be getting disturbed sleep at nights, but from 3 months many babies start to ‘sleep through’ (which means sleeping for 5 or 6 hours at a stretch at night). But don’t worry if your baby isn’t doing this – they are all different.

Understanding baby growth charts

A growth chart helps you and your doctor keep track of how your baby is growing.

What can your baby do?

By now your baby will be starting to experience emotions and communication. They will respond to different expressions, know your voice and will turn to look for you when they hear you. They may start laughing out loud and look around them in wonder – especially at their fingers and toes.

They will smile at strangers, but they definitely know who their parents are by now. Their brain is growing fast and they will start to recognise people by sight and smell as well as by their voice.

They will be gurgling a lot and trying to respond to you when you talk to them. Their sense of touch is also becoming more sensitive and they will be able to pay attention to things for longer.

From now on, your baby will start to reach out for objects as the muscles develop in their arms and hands. They will try to put things in their mouth, although they can't quite coordinate their hands and eyes yet, take a long look at objects and shake or rattle them.

Physically, your baby will have better control of their head movements and will start to hold their head up when they’re sitting up. When you give them tummy time, you might notice they roll from their front to their back, lift up their head or push up their chest with their hands.

They will be waving their arms and kicking their legs strongly. If you hold them upright with their feet on the floor or your lap, they’ll probably push down on their legs.

A lot of the time, if they are near a dangling object, they will bat at it with closed fists. However, they can also open their fingers to grasp an object and they will be better coordinated, so they can bring their hands together.

How can I help my baby develop?

This is the time when the foundations of language are built. Talk and read to your baby as much as possible. It will help them learn how language works and how conversations go back and forth. Respond to your baby with words or with different noises, to encourage them to express themselves.

Choose baby books with large, bright pictures. It doesn’t really matter what the words are, it’s the sound of your voice that counts. Point to things around your baby and tell them the names. If you live in a bilingual home, it’s OK to use both languages to describe the world to your baby.

You can help your baby to develop the muscles in their neck and back by dangling a toy in front of them when they’re on their tummy. Or offer a toy to them to help them learn to grasp it. Stimulate their sense of touch by stroking them with different materials like fur, felt and tissue. Cuddles, massage and moving them through the air will all help to calm them down.

Development problem signs

Babies develop at a different rate. At 3 months, talk to your doctor or maternal child health nurse if:

• they aren’t smiling by 8 weeks
• they don’t calm down, even for a little while, when you pick them up to comfort them
• one side of their body seems to be stronger than the other
• they’re still holding their fingers in a tight fist
• sudden noises don’t startle them
• they aren’t feeding properly
• they’re floppy or stiff

Where can I go for help?

If you are worried or would like to discuss any issues with your baby’s development, speak to your doctor or child health nurse.

Speak to a maternal child health nurse

Call Pregnancy, Birth and Baby to speak to a maternal child health nurse on 1800 882 436 or video call. Available 7am to midnight (AET), 7 days a week.

Sources:

Learn more here about the development and quality assurance of healthdirect content.

Last reviewed: October 2020

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Related pages

• Bonding with your baby
• How your baby learns - birth to 3 years
• Your baby’s growth and development – first 12 months
• Understanding baby growth charts

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The information is not a substitute for independent professional advice and should not be used as an alternative to professional health care. If you have a particular medical problem, please consult a healthcare professional.

Except as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, this publication or any part of it may not be reproduced, altered, adapted, stored and/or distributed in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of Healthdirect Australia.

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9000 parents' surprise. Now the baby, at the level of instincts, longs to actively explore the world, for which he needs even more intensive development. Almost every day something new appears in the “arsenal of skills”.

Now the baby clearly understands how to tell his mother about his needs, confidently holds his head, laughs more often and, as it were, manages his emotions in an “adult” way. What is important for parents at this special age? Do not forget that the confidence of the baby, which he literally radiates with every cell of his body, is false. The head and back (when the child is in the arms of an adult) can still “get tired” and suddenly collapse in any direction, overexcitation leads to poor sleep and loss of appetite, positive emotions can easily turn into a stream of indignation.

This is one of the critical periods. Right now, the nervous system receives more information and load than a couple of weeks ago, because its reaction is quite unpredictable. Especially, this applies to children who have gone through a difficult birth, or any violation of adaptation in the neonatal age. The fracture, called 3-4 months of life, often "shows" previously veiled neurological disorders. And then there are intestinal colic, which obviously have not yet ended, and further spur the exhausted central nervous system.

Parents begin to notice how quickly negative emotions turn into hysteria before their eyes, which is difficult to respond to the “usual measures” to calm the baby. Undoubtedly, there are children who go through these months of life quite easily, without much difficulty. Nevertheless, it would be correct to dwell on the specifics of this age, inherent in most children.

All children are completely different, and the level of their developmental achievements cannot be the same either. Nevertheless, there are so-called generally accepted indicators by which one can judge the harmonious development of the child.

Let us consider in more detail the most important features of the development of a child at the age of three months.

Psychomotor development of a child of 3 months

The body of the child becomes more "smooth", elastic, due to intensive development and uniform distribution of subcutaneous fat tissue. Lying on the back, the right and left sides of the body are symmetrical. The head alternately turns in one direction, then in the other. Attempts are made to roll over on the stomach.

The child begins to realize the actual presence and usefulness of their pens. He can examine them for a long time, “touch” his fingers, firmly grab the toy, pull it into his mouth. By three months, the palm is almost completely relaxed, there is a slight bending of the fingers.

In a relaxed state, lying on its back, the baby's legs are slightly apart, the knees are pulled outward, in the active state they alternately beat the feet on the surface, or "pedal". Lying on his stomach, he raises his head by 40-45 °, turning it in one direction or the other. For a few seconds, lowers the head to the surface to relax the muscles of the neck. Briefly rises above the surface (head and shoulders), leaning on the forearms.

Makes attempts to reproduce crawling movements, but at this age they are unsuccessful. With a smooth rise (the child by the handles) from the position on the back to the sitting position, the head is not yet held, swaying from side to side. But if you raise the body by about 70 °, the baby begins to hold his head evenly. At the moment of maximum tension, he tries to straighten his legs, but so far, they are slightly bent at the knee joints. You should not repeat such procedures often, especially keep the baby in a sitting position.

Taking the child by the armpits, he holds his head well, stays in a standing position for a short time. The lower limbs are straight at the knees, but quickly bend at the hip joints. Makes movements resembling jumps (“springs”), but the feet practically do not come off the surface.

Attention and fine motor skills of a child of 3 months

A three-month-old child, seeing a bright toy, shows obvious interest. He not only clearly focuses the eye, but also considers the details. A toy smoothly moving in the air, at a distance of 30 cm from the face, is accompanied by a curious look (basically, the head turns synchronously towards the object of interest). If the ophthalmologist prescribes gymnastics for the eyes at this age, it is recommended to hold the baby's chin so that only the eyes follow the object of attention. The eyeballs clearly move along the trajectory up and down, and quite intermittently, in the case of circular movements.

A child, like a monkey, firmly grasps an object with one hand, shakes it, tries to try it “by the tooth”. After a few seconds, he involuntarily drops the toy, as if attention has suddenly switched to something else. Fine motor skills lend themselves well to development, therefore, toys are now used not only as entertainment. It is not difficult to trace the deep curiosity, joy, or even some excitement in the eyes of an infant, at the sight of a new, bright object. At 3 months, when the fists have turned into relaxed palms, the baby pulls only his fingers into his mouth.

Speech and social contact of a child of 3 months

F and s are added to previously mastered vowels and one consonant x. The baby actively babbles, especially when the environment is familiar and comfortable for him. Alone with his mother, he actively “talks”, shows emotions of joy or discontent.

When several people speak to him, he turns his head towards the “interlocutor”. Surely I had to watch when the baby gets upset and cries at the sight of a certain person. Obviously, loud speech or harsh intonation is associated in an infant with aggression.

A child's body can develop in a variety of conditions, but good results require optimal, favorable conditions. The good news is that most of them are affordable for every family.

The optimal conditions for the development of a three-month-old include:

Humidity in the room - not less than 50%;

frequent ventilation;

daily walks;

daily bathing;

dim daylight, low light at night;

no noise, no loud sounds;

correct feeding schedule;

fine-tuned sleep and wake mode;

prevention of infectious diseases;

Educational games.

At this age, you can not strain, drawing the attention of the baby to something: his curiosity overflows. He is interested in everything around him, he is ready to absorb information with all the senses in every period of his wakefulness.

Ringing toys with different sounds develop baby's hearing and allow him to learn to differentiate sounds. Toys suspended above the cradle, to which the baby persistently reaches out with an outstretched handle, should, if possible, also be musical (“responsive” to touch). Very soon, the baby will develop an understanding of cause-and-effect relationships: stretch → touch → hear a sound.

What is important when buying a toy for a child? Ringing, developing and bright - all these definitions are present in the toys of the store Fisher Price.
Educational toys for children, constructors, sound books, night lights and many other interesting goods for your baby. You can do all this buy in online store Fisher Price.

At three months, the baby lies on his stomach longer: the developmental mat is an excellent choice for stimulating the development of the baby. He can slowly examine bright drawings, differentiate some colors, touch convex flowers, and when he lies down on his back again, touch, study the toys hanging over his head.

Fine motor skills are perfectly stimulated by various surface structures of toys: a rough rug, a furry bunny, a pimply ball, a smooth sea pebble. The main thing is to ensure that the researcher does not drag anything into his mouth. After all, there is also a sensitive zone, and licking objects is nothing but another way to get to know the world around us!

Gymnastics for the eyes will be relevant for many months: at a distance of 30 cm, move a bright object (a toy of bright color, a flashlight wrapped in cloth) up, down, right, left, from and to face (voice aloud the place where the toy moves). Three approaches of each of the movements are enough: the child still does not know how to focus attention for a long time, he simply loses interest in the lesson or gets tired quickly.

Light massage is very useful. It improves blood circulation, promotes muscle relaxation. Unobtrusive rubbing, stroking, pinching of the upper and lower extremities, abdomen and back can be done daily. Rubbing and kneading the feet, “cycling” movements with the legs, bending and unbending the arms are gentle and safe stimulation for a child at the age of three months.

Mom and dad should not be embarrassed to imitate baby's babble . The kid understands this as communication in one language. Naturally, in parallel, it is worth emphasizing the correct words (for starters, they should be short, clear: “Yes”, “Give”, “Here”, etc.). Any event can be turned into a game with a detailed explanation of what is happening (even if it is a temperature measurement, or a diaper change). So, the baby will learn to understand what is happening and why, but this will happen a little later. So far, this is an entertaining game and tenderness of mom and dad. In addition, understanding the sequence of movements gives him a sense of security.

Feeling safe is one of the basic needs of every person. Children love to listen to the same fairy tale or song. They remember the sequence of movements during dressing or bathing procedures. It is the knowledge of what will happen / sound in the next minute that makes you feel safe.

It is important to remember your baby's fears. Every age has its own fear. In the first six months (±), this fear is based on the strongest relationship with the mother and the fear of losing her. Of course, he is unconsciously afraid, but every time he does not find with his eyes an object of protection, a source of nutrition and comfort, he is seized by a panic caused by a feeling of abandonment. Many times the mother has to reappear from behind the open door for the child to finally understand that if the mother leaves, she always comes back.

Stability is one of the components on which the feeling of security, trust and comfort is based. What does stability have to do with everything, be it feeding, hugging, or a song before bed. That is why it is so important to devote yourself as much as possible in the first months of a baby's life. After all, with this "baggage" the child will go further in life.

Consider the most common mistakes parents make. They are based solely on the false idea that the child has become much more confident in his movements and demands, and therefore much more independent.

Unfortunately, this can harm the baby. In the name of good intentions, dad and mom may “develop the baby” in an age-inappropriate way, and that may be enough.

Let's take a closer look at the following examples:

The baby takes the sitting position in his arms very naturally. But! It is worth remembering once and for all: until the time has come to sit - you can’t plant (on your hands, lift it in the crib during feeding). Until the time has come to stand - do not push him to this, train a skill that is inappropriate for age ahead of time.

Love for walkers can turn into serious problems in the future. As long as the baby does not sit on his own, without support, neither his spine nor the muscular system is ripe for such colossal loads. Immature muscles are exhausted by excess tension, feet - instead of standing on the entire surface, they are pulled out on the toe. Such children are potential patients of a neurologist, orthopedist-traumatologist.

Favorite games with baby bouncing, holding him by the armpits, also cause serious damage to the spine. Even if the baby likes it, he laughs, babbles with all his might: "springing" reminiscent of jumping occurs rather reflexively. Neither at 3 nor at 5 months the child should not sit, stand, imitate these body positions. Everything has its time!

Some young fathers and mothers, grandmothers talk about how they started to introduce complementary foods as early as 3 months. Appealing to common sense: time has changed, children have changed, approaches have changed. The body of a child of three, four, and sometimes five months is not ready to receive "adult food"! This haste can result in a provocation of surgical pathology (intussusception, intestinal obstruction), or serious digestive problems in the future.

Rocking a baby is done in the name of good intentions. However, they cannot become a system, they must be carried out correctly. The forearm of an adult, located under the back, should completely “cover” the baby’s spine. Head and neck - are on the same line, in the same plane with the spine.

Remember! Even severe pain can be "pumped", and this is not always good.

Even if the child cries a lot, do not hold him by the armpits and shake (up-down, back-and-forth). Without much exaggeration, such an aggressive measure of "helping the baby" can result in a massive hemorrhage in the brain: disability, death.

It is important for parents to remain attentive: at the age of 3-4 months, neurological disorders, hearing or visual impairments may appear. In many ways, it is developmental activities that help to identify them. Timely consultation of narrow specialists will help prevent the aggravation of manifestations, timely influence any deviations, which undoubtedly affects the future of the child.

Prepared the material

Skavinskaya V.

Read also: Koliiki in Malyuk, the causes of vinikennya of the Usunennya

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Baby in the arms of an adult in an upright position already in able to follow the toy for 30-40 seconds, turn the head to 180 degrees. It actively follows a stationary or moving object, the face of the adult talking to him. But eye movements are still poorly coordinated.

Many babies can squint with their eyes, which is natural at this age. K 4 month it disappears. Especially well the baby is entertained by mobile toys, which swing easily and smoothly in the air. It is important that the toy has a few clear details. The ideal distance to the toy is 30-50cm. Most toddlers love round objects and their favorite color is red, which is memorable since the time of intrauterine development.

By the end of 3 months, lying on his tummy, the baby already knows how to lean on his forearms and raise the head for 2-2. 5 minutes.

This position provides the baby with new development opportunities! He is interested looks around and perceives the world around him from a different angle. More complete the mobility of the head is a great neurological achievement for him!

At 10-12 weeks, the most mobile babies begin to roll over from their back to tummy.

During this period, the so-called “hull stability” develops, which is the basic prerequisite for the first voluntary movements of the child and basis for independent activity.

While the baby is still most often lying on his back, because it is from this position that then it will be most convenient for him to sit down.

By the end of 3 months, the baby begins to feel more and more of his body. Take a closer look at him - he lies directly on his back, but at the same time his nose, chin, sternum, the navel and pubic bone form a straight line. And he plays with his hands in front of his face, examines his fingers, legs bent and slightly pulled up to the navel.

The complex of "revival" in response to the speech addressed to him is clearly expressed.

The baby is very actively looking for the source of the sound with his eyes, smiling in response to your smile. This smile is already called "social" because it occurs in response to on a human face. This is a huge step crumbs in the field of interhuman relationship!

At the end of 3 months, the Moro reflex should disappear in the baby (it consists in symmetrical abduction of the upper limbs with extension of the fingers, followed by adduction of the limbs and flexion of the fingers.).

Note that now, with sudden exposure to light and sound, your the baby will not incoherently twist arms and legs. Playing with pens, baby bends the legs at the same time.

At 8-12 weeks, the grasping reflex also disappears. The baby has a conscious random grip.

From about 10 weeks, the baby begins to play enthusiastically with his hands, swipe with fingers. He tries to hold on to the toy, tries to touch something. with your own hands. This creates a connection between vision and action. Of course the baby is not immediately be able to grab the toy himself. He will gradually learn this.

With the support of the baby under the armpits, he already confidently leans for 45-60 seconds. about firm support with the feet of the legs bent at the hip joints.

The baby responds well to sounds.

If you gently take the baby in your arms and talk to him, he will be very study your face carefully. The baby peers into the expression of your facial expressions, listens to the tone of your voice, distinguishes the volume of your appeal to him. If you want to change the tone or volume of your speech, he will register it.

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