What does a cvs test for

Chorionic villus sampling - NHS

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a test you may be offered during pregnancy to check if your baby has a genetic or chromosomal condition, such as Down's syndrome, Edwards' syndrome or Patau's syndrome.

It involves removing and testing a small sample of cells from the placenta, the organ linking the mother's blood supply with the unborn baby's.

When CVS is offered

CVS is not routinely offered in pregnancy.

It's only offered if there's a high chance your baby could have a genetic or chromosomal condition.

This could be because:

• an antenatal screening test has suggested your baby may be born with a condition, such as Down's syndrome, Edwards' syndrome or Patau's syndrome
• you had a previous pregnancy affected by a genetic condition
• you have a family history of a genetic condition, such as sickle cell disease, thalassaemia, cystic fibrosis or muscular dystrophy

It's important to remember that you do not have to have CVS if it's offered. It's up to you to decide whether you want it.

A midwife or doctor will speak to you about what the test involves, and let you know what the possible benefits are, to help you make a decision.

Find out more about why CVS is offered and deciding whether to have it

How CVS is performed

CVS is usually carried out between the 11th and 14th weeks of pregnancy, although it's sometimes performed later than this if necessary.

During the test, a small sample of cells is removed from the placenta using 1 of 2 methods:

• transabdominal CVS – a needle is inserted through your tummy (this is the most common method used)
• transcervical CVS – a tube or small forceps (smooth metal instruments that look like tongs) are inserted through the cervix (the neck of the womb)

The test itself takes about 10 minutes, although the whole consultation may take about 30 minutes.

The CVS procedure is usually described as being uncomfortable rather than painful, although you may experience some cramps that are similar to period pains for a few hours afterwards.

Find out more about what happens during CVS

Getting your results

The first results of the test should be available within 3 working days and this will tell you if Down's syndrome, Edwards' syndrome or Patau's syndrome has been discovered.

If rarer conditions are also being tested for, it can take 2 to 3 weeks or more for the results to come back.

A specialist doctor (obstetrician) or midwife will explain what the screening results mean and talk to you about your options.

There's no cure for most of the conditions found by CVS, so you'll need to consider your options carefully.

You may decide to continue with your pregnancy while gathering information about the condition so you're fully prepared.

Find out more about having a baby that might be born with a genetic condition

Or you may consider ending your pregnancy (having a termination).

Find out more about the results of CVS

Miscarriage and infections.

Before you decide to have CVS, the possible complications will be discussed with you.

CVS can cause miscarriage, the loss of the pregnancy in the first 23 weeks.

The chance of miscarrying after CVS is up to 1 in 100.

You might also get an infection, or need to have CVS again because it was not successful the first time.

Read more about the complications of CVS

What are the alternatives?

An alternative to CVS is a test called amniocentesis.

This is where a small sample of amniotic fluid, the fluid that surrounds the baby in the womb, is removed for testing.

It's usually carried out between the 15th and 18th week of pregnancy, although it can be performed later than this if necessary.

This test can also cause a miscarriage, but your pregnancy will be at a more advanced stage before you can get the results, so you'll have less time to consider your options.

If you're offered tests to look for a genetic or chromosomal condition in your baby, a specialist involved in carrying out the test will be able to discuss the different options with you and help you make a decision.

Page last reviewed: 20 July 2018
Next review due: 20 July 2021

Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) | Johns Hopkins Medicine

What is chorionic villus sampling?

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS), or chorionic villus biopsy, is a prenatal test that involves taking a sample of tissue from the placenta  to test for chromosomal abnormalities and certain other genetic problems. The placenta is a structure in the uterus that provides blood and nutrients from the mother to the fetus,

The chorionic villi are tiny projections of placental tissue that look like fingers and contain the same genetic material as the fetus. Testing may be available for other genetic defects and disorders depending on the family history and availability of lab testing at the time of the procedure.

CVS is usually done between the 10th and 12th weeks of pregnancy. Unlike amniocentesis (another type of prenatal test), CVS does not provide information on neural tube defects, such as spina bifida. For this reason, women who undergo CVS also need a follow-up blood test between 16 to 18 weeks of their pregnancy to screen for neural tube defects.

There are two types of CVS procedures:

• Transcervical. In this procedure, a catheter is inserted through the cervix into the placenta to obtain the tissue sample

• Transabdominal. In this procedure, a needle is inserted through the abdomen and uterus into the placenta to obtain the tissue sample

Another related procedure that may be used to diagnose genetic and chromosomal defects is amniocentesis.

Anatomy of the fetus in utero

Click image to enlarge.

• Amniotic sac. This is a thin-walled sac that surrounds the fetus during pregnancy. The sac is filled with amniotic fluid (liquid made by the fetus) and the amnion (the membrane that covers the fetal side of the placenta), which protects the fetus from injury and helps to regulate the temperature of the fetus.

• Anus. This is the opening at the end of the anal canal.

• Cervix.  This is the lower part of the uterus that projects into the vagina. Made up of mostly fibrous tissue and muscle, the cervix is circular in shape.

• Fetus.  An unborn baby from the eighth week after fertilization until birth is called a fetus.

• Placenta. This is an organ, shaped like a flat cake that only grows during pregnancy and provides a metabolic interchange between the fetus and mother. (The fetus takes in oxygen, food, and other substances and eliminates carbon dioxide and other wastes.)

• Umbilical cord. This is a rope-like cord connecting the fetus to the placenta. The umbilical cord contains 2 arteries and a vein, which carry oxygen and nutrients to the fetus and waste products away from the fetus.

• Uterine wall.  This is the wall of the uterus.

• Uterus (also called the womb). The uterus is a hollow, pear-shaped organ located in a woman's lower abdomen, between the bladder and the rectum. It sheds its lining each month during menstruation and in which a fertilized egg (ovum) becomes implanted and the fetus develops.

• Vagina.  This is part of the female genitals sits behind the bladder and in front of the rectum. It forms a canal extending from the uterus to the vulva.

Reasons for the procedure

Chorionic villus sampling may be used for genetic and chromosome testing in the first trimester of pregnancy . Here are some reasons that a woman might elect to undergo CVS:

• Previously affected child or a family history of a genetic disease, chromosomal abnormalities, or metabolic disorder

• Maternal age over 35 years by the pregnancy due date

• Risk of a sex-linked genetic disease

• Previous ultrasound with questionable or abnormal findings

• Abnormal cell-free DNA test

There may be other reasons for your doctor to recommend a chorionic villus sampling.

Risks of the procedure

As with any invasive procedure, complications may occur. Some possible complications may include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Cramping, bleeding, or leaking of amniotic fluid (water breaking)

• Infection

• Miscarriage

• Preterm labor

• Limb defects in infants, especially in CVS procedures done before 9 weeks (rare)

People who are allergic to or sensitive to medications or latex should notify their doctor.

Women with twins or other multiples will need sampling from each placenta in order to study each baby.

There may be other risks depending upon your specific medical condition. Be sure to discuss any concerns with your doctor prior to the procedure.

Certain factors or conditions may interfere with CVS. These factors include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Pregnancy earlier than seven weeks or later than 13 weeks

• Position of the baby, placenta, amount of amniotic fluid, or mother's anatomy

• Vaginal or cervical infection

• Samples that are inadequate for testing, or that may contain maternal tissue

Before the procedure

• The doctor will explain the procedure to you and offer you the opportunity to ask any questions that you might have about the procedure.

• You will be asked to sign a consent form that gives your permission to do the procedure. Read the form carefully and ask questions if something is not clear.

• Generally, there is no special restriction on diet or activity prior to chorionic villus sampling.

• Tell your doctor if you are sensitive to or are allergic to any medications, latex, iodine, tape, and anesthetic agents (local and general).

• Tell your doctor of all medications (prescribed and over-the-counter) and herbal supplements that you are taking.

• Tell your doctor if you have a history of bleeding disorders or if you are taking any anticoagulant (blood-thinning) medications, aspirin, or any other medications that may affect blood clotting. It may be necessary for you to stop these medications prior to the procedure.

• Tell your doctor if you are Rh negative. During the CVS procedure, blood cells from the mother and fetus can mix. This may lead to Rh sensitization and breaking down of fetal red blood cells. In most cases, prenatal blood tests will have determined whether you are Rh negative. You may be asked to provide these lab results before the procedure.

• You may or may not be asked to have a full bladder right before the procedure. Depending on the position of the uterus and placenta, a full or empty bladder may help move the uterus into a better position for the procedure.

• Based upon your medical condition, your doctor may request other specific preparation.

During the procedure

Click image to enlarge.

A CVS procedure may be done on an outpatient basis, or as part of your stay in a hospital. Procedures may vary depending on your condition and your doctor’s practices.

Generally, a CVS procedure follows this process:

1. You will be asked to undress completely, or from the waist down, and put on a hospital gown.

2. You will be asked to lie down on an exam table and place your hands behind your head.

3. Your vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing rate) will be checked.

4. An ultrasound will be performed to check the fetal heart rate, and the position of the placenta, fetus, and umbilical cord.

5. Based on the location of the placenta, the CVS procedure will be performed through your cervix (transcervical) or through your abdominal wall (transabdominal).

For a transcervical CVS procedure:

1. The doctor will insert an instrument called a speculum into your vagina so that he or she can see your cervix.

2. Your vagina and cervix will be cleansed with an antiseptic solution.

3. Using ultrasound guidance, a thin tube will be guided through the cervix to the chorionic villi.

4. Cells will be gently suctioned through the tube into a syringe. You may feel a twinge or slight cramping. More than one sample may be needed to obtain enough tissue for testing.

5. The tube will then be removed.

For a transabdominal CVS procedure:

1. For an abdominal CVS, your abdomen will be cleansed with an antiseptic. You will be instructed not to touch the sterile area on your abdomen during the procedure.

2. The doctor may inject a local anesthetic to numb the skin. If a local anesthetic is used, you will feel a needle stick when the anesthetic is injected. This may cause a brief stinging sensation.

3. Ultrasound will be used to help guide a long, thin, hollow needle through your abdomen and into the uterus and placenta. This may be slightly painful, and you may feel a cramp as the needle enters the uterus.

4. Cells will be gently suctioned into a syringe. More than one sample may be needed to obtain enough tissue for testing.

5. The needle will then be removed. An adhesive bandage will be placed over the abdominal needle insertion site.

Procedure completion, both methods:

1. The fetus’ heart rate and your vital signs will be reassessed.

2. If you are Rh negative, you may be given Rho(D) immune globulin. This is a specially developed blood product that can prevent an Rh negative mother's antibodies from reacting to Rh positive fetal cells.

3. The chorionic villus tissue will be sent to the lab.

After the procedure

You and your fetus will be monitored for a while after the procedure. Your vital signs and the fetal heart rate will be checked periodically for an hour or longer.

The CVS tissue will be sent to a specialty genetics lab for analysis. Counseling with a genetics specialist may be recommended depending on the test results.

You may experience some slight cramping and light spotting for a few hours after CVS.

You should rest at home and avoid strenuous activities for at least 24 hours. You should not douche or have sexual intercourse for 2 weeks, or until directed by your doctor.

Tell your doctor to report any of the following:

If a transabdominal procedure was performed, check the bandaged needle site on your abdomen for any bleeding or drainage of fluid.

Your doctor may give you additional or alternate instructions after the procedure, depending on your particular situation.

VLIS - an ecosystem for business: accounting, management and communications

VK_37992622

Exchange documents and set tasks in VLIS, manage accounting and finance, automate purchases and warehouse, move the client along the funnel in CRM.

Select personnel, calculate salaries, keep personnel records, motivate through KPIs, badges and ratings. Here you can also hold meetings and webinars, communicate with colleagues and partners.

From the dry corporate structure VLSI forms a live social network with chats, groups, news. nine0003

Reporting in the Federal Tax Service, PF, FSS

Electronic agreements

Monething

Financial analysis

Search tenders

Houses for housing and communal services

Catalog of master data

Restaurant

Product store

Reporting to the Federal Tax Service, Pension Fund, Social Insurance Fund

Electronic contracts

Labeling of medicines

Financial analysis

Search for tenders

Checks for utilities and services

Catalog of master data

Restaurant

Analysis and optimization of taxes

Campaign for perfumes

Management of a restaurant network

Reporting in FSRAR

Organization of purchases

Management of KKT

Park and consistent of prices

Beauty Salon Salon Salon.

Personnel accounting

Corporate certification center

Tax analysis and optimization

Perfume labeling

Restaurant chain management

Reporting in the FSRAR

Purchasing and trading organization

Management of the KKT Park

Price and approval of prices

Beauty Salon

Reporting in the UFMS

Electronic labor books

Automation of shopping centers 9000

Field Worker Management

Delivery Automation

API Company Data

Asset Accounting

CALL-center

Reporting in the Federal Mediconest factoring

Information about counterparties

Control of the sales department

Beer labeling

Recruitment

Control of traveling employees

Electronic reconciliation of settlements

CRM and accounting of customers

Video and glider

VAT

Electronic factoring

Information about contractors

Control of the

Personnel Marking Delight. traveling employees

Electronic reconciliation of settlements

Reporting to Rosprirodnadzor

Monitoring of points of sale

Personnel training

Pharmacy

Calculation of salaries

Work and vacations

Calculations with accountable persons

Corporate telephone network

Work with EGAIS and FSRAR

Diningrian reporting in Rosprirodnadzor

Monitoring

Staff training

Pharmacy

Payroll

Work and vacation schedules

Settlements with accountable persons

Corporate telephone network

Audit and reporting consolidation

Electronic invoices

Verification of partners

Analysis of sales and assortment

Social network of personnel

Electronic passing

Accounting

Audit and consolidation of reporting

Electronic invoices

Partner verification

Analysis of sales and assortment

Social network of the company

Management of personnel

Electronic passage

Accounting

reconciliation of settlements with a budget of

GOOSORGANS

Retail store

Motivation

Everything for remote work

Webinars

Tobacco marking

Electronic signature of documents

reconciliation of settlements with a budget of

Documents transfer to government agencies

Retail store

Employees

Financial planning

Commission Trade

All for "Raring"

Webinars

Work with Mercury and VSD

Transfer of documents courts

Retail network management

Fast food

Service center

Electronic document archive

ES on your website

Designer of the Communist Party, contracts, accounts

Purchasing Organization

Competitive intelligence

Work with Mercury and VSD

Documents Transfer of

Retail network

Fastfood

Electronic archive of documents

EP on EP on your site

Designer of commercial proposals, contracts, invoices

Shoe labeling

Warehouse accounting

Company valuation

Accounting for working hours

Corporate portal

Cloud telephony

EDI and logistics

Construction store

Electronic sick leave

Fiscal data operator

Shoe marking

Warehouse accounting

Corporate Portal

Cloud Telephony

EDI and Logistics

Hardware Store

more than 4,500,000 companies

different sizes and lines of business —
from sole proprietors to transnational corporations, from Sakhalin to Kaliningrad, from churches to casinos, from kindergartens to ministries. VLSI perfectly solves the problems of everyone.

Factoring

Oil & Gas

Pharmaceuticals

Manufacturing

Construction

Medium Companies

Federal Companies

Catering Companies

Small Catering Companies

0003

Consumer goods

State institutions

Services

Energy and housing and communal services

Autoprom

RESTEL

International companies

Entertainment

Trade

IT

Logistics

Phone and Internet - all you need to work in VLSI anywhere in the world. Messages, tasks, documents, reports... and this is not all that is in the mobile version of VLSI. nine0003

🤰 CVS TEST - PREPARATION, PROCEDURE, RISKS AND RESULTS

Contents:

In this article

• What is a Chorionic Villus Sampler?
• Is the CVS test applicable to all pregnant women?
• How to prepare for the
• test How is the CVS test done?
• Is the CVS test painful?
• When is the right time for a chorionic villus test?
• When do you get your CVS test results? nine0399
• Problems you may encounter after the test
• Possible risks associated with CVS
• What does the result of a CVS pregnancy test mean?
• What if the CVS test shows an abnormality?
• What are the alternatives for the CVS test?
• What to consider

Scientific developments have made it possible to detect unfavorable health conditions of the baby even before the baby is born. There are a number of tests that are done during pregnancy to determine if the baby is suffering from any disease or disease. Early detection of an adverse medical condition in a baby can allow doctors to take the necessary corrective action to ensure that the baby is born healthy and free from life-threatening conditions. nine0003

What is a Chorionic Villus Sampler?

The chorionic villous sampler is a prenatal test that is performed to diagnose whether a baby has a specific genetic disorder such as Down's syndrome or inherited conditions such as thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. Chorionic villi are tiny finger-like growths found in the placenta that share the same genetic material as the baby's cells. The CVS pregnancy test is done during early pregnancy, usually between 10 and 13 weeks. nine0003

Is the CVS test applicable to all pregnant women?

The CVS prenatal test is not a routine test and is suggested for the following conditions:

• Abnormal prenatal screening test results: If the first trimester screening result is positive or abnormal, the doctor may recommend a CVS to ensure the duration of the medical problem in child.
• Chromosomal abnormality in a previous pregnancy. nine0391 If you had a chromosomal abnormality in a previous pregnancy or have a child with Down syndrome, you will be offered this test.
• Family medical history indicates increased health risk: CVS testing may be recommended if there is a family history of a genetic disorder.