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Home » Misc » How to teach a child tens and units

How to teach a child tens and units


How to Teach Tens and Ones to Kindergarten

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First comes counting, then comes adding. The next stop? Place value! Learn how to teach tens and ones to Kindergarten.

What Is Tens and Ones Place Value?

We have 10 digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. These ten digits can be arranged in different sequences to stand for different values. For example, in the number 15, the digit 5 has a value of 5 ones. By contrast, in the number 50, the digit 5 has a value of 5 tens. This is because of place value. The value of the number 5 depends on its place in the number.

This concept can be tricky for young learners, but it is a pivotal concept as it lays the foundation for addition and multiplication. 

Fun Ways to Teach Tens and Ones to Kindergarten

Teaching place value is easy and fun when you a) make it highly visual and b) use manipulatives. Kindergarteners learn best when they incorporate all their senses. Use these activities to teach place value. 

Step 1: Make Tens

Give each child a hunk of playdough (or floral foam) and ten uncooked spaghetti noodles. Use the playdough as a base and stick the spaghetti noodles in straight up. Then hand out a large pile of Cheerios.

Ask the child to count out ten Cheerios and thread them on a noodle. How many Cheerios does he have on the noodle? (10) How many groups of ten does he have? (1)

Now add 10 Cheerios to the next spaghetti noodle. Repeat the process. How many Cheerios? (20) How many tens? (2)

This activity teaches that numbers can be expressed in two ways: as a number of individuals (ones) and as a number of groups of tens (tens).

Step 2: Use Windows

Trace two index cards on the center of a piece of cardstock and cut out the rectangles so the cardstock has two “windows.” Label the window on the left “tens” and the window on the right “ones. ”

Now label two sets of 10 index cards with the digits 0-9. Set out 1 linking cube and place the index card labeled “1” in the ones window.

Ask the child, “How many is that?” (1)

Help her as necessary to make and show the numbers 2-9 by snapping on linking cubes and switching out the index cards.

When you get to the number ten, show the child how the digit 1 is placed in the tens window now. “When the 1 was in the other window it meant 1 single cube. Now that it is in the tens window it means 1 set of ten linking cubes.” Repeat with additional numbers.

Step 3: Make Your Own Manipulatives

This simple activity helps reinforce grouping. Make bundles of ten toothpicks and secure them with a rubber band. Screw ten nuts on a long bolt. Thread ten beads on half a pipe cleaner and twist to form a ring of ten.

Whatever manipulative you choose, make 10 sets of ten and keep aside some loose ones (loose beads, toothpicks, and nuts) for ones.

Step 4: Place Value Graphic

Divide a paper in half and label the left side “tens” and right side “ones. ” Write a number like 23 on a whiteboard.

Then, using your homemade place value manipulatives, have the child place the number of tens in the tens part of the paper (for example, 2 bundles of toothpicks) and the number of ones in the ones part of the paper (three individual toothpicks). Repeat with other numbers.

Step 5: Use Money

Coins are a wonderful way to touch and feel tens and ones place value. You can give your child 34 pennies and ask him to form groups of ten. How many tens can he make? (3)

Exchange those for dimes. 3 dimes + 4 pennies equals 34 cents. That is the same as saying 3 tens and 4 ones make 34.

Teaching Tens and Ones

If you want to know the secret of how to teach tens and ones to Kindergarten, this is it: make it as interactive as possible. The more they see, hear, and feel the concept, the sooner it will click.

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3 Super Tips for Teaching Place Value

Here’s the understatement of the year: teaching place value is kind of a big deal! From kindergarten through 5th grade, “Numbers and Operations in Base Ten” shows up in the common core math standards like clockwork.

The task of “understanding place value” grows in complexity every year and really ramps up starting in 3rd grade. Students are expected to learn how to “fluently add and subtract within 1000” using number-sense strategies based on place value. This 3-digit math strategy can feel uncomfortably like the big leagues for kids struggling with place value. So I’m going to share:

Before I share 3 tips, let’s build some background. Students as early as kindergarten and 1st grade come to school knowing things about two digit numbers like how to verbally count from 10 to 100 and counting objects within 15 or 20.

However, their understanding of numbers is pretty different from ours in that it’s based on a counting by ones approach. So they typically count one thing at a time and don’t readily understand the connection between a number and the groups of tens and ones.

For example, if we ask a student how many tens are in 67. They may say 6 in the tens place because they simply name the position with little understanding of it. But they may not understand that 6 represents 6 groups of ten things and 7 represents 7 single things. Understanding that a group of ten can represent a single entity is a huge shift!

Students tend to struggle because understanding place value is anything but simple. It’s all a big puzzle where three big pieces or connections should be made.

3 Key Connections to Building Place Value

The first key is understanding base-ten concepts in order to represent numbers visually. While many teachers may provide students opportunities to represent numbers using standard groupings, it’s equally as important for students to represent numbers using equivalent groupings. I consider this to be the keystone of place value.

Students should also be able to articulate numbers in their oral forms, whether they’re standard (“seventy-two”) or base-ten (“7 tens and 2 ones”).

Finally, students have to understand how to read and write numerals. Making these three connections hinges on utilizing different counting strategies in practice: counting by ones, counting by groups and singles, and counting by tens and ones.

See how all of this works together? If students miss one piece, then it would be challenging for them to have a full understanding of place-value. That’s why giving kids the right tools to understand the place value system is so important.

Here are a few tips that develop place value:

Tip #1: Use place value mats to make reading and writing numbers easier

Yes, manipulatives are great for moving students from concrete understanding to abstract. Place value mats work nicely with manipulatives by helping to drive abstract concepts home.

Help struggling learners by making learning hands-on and visual. That means using manipulatives like base-ten blocks. Base-ten blocks are the best tool on the block – pun intended. A great thing about base-ten blocks are the versatility to build whole numbers or decimals.

With the unit block representing one, allow students time to explore the relationship between the units (small block) and rods as well as the rods and a flat on a place value mat. Exploring these relationships support the 10- to- 1 relationship of place value including: 10 units equal 1 ten, 10 tens equal 1 hundred and so on.

Warning: Base ten blocks are all about relationships. Each block can represent different amounts depending on how they’re used. Don’t make your kids think that each block can ONLY represent one thing. For example, when using base ten blocks to represent decimals, the flat may represent 1 and the smallest block may represent 1 hundredth. When talking to kids, I find it easy to use the phrase: In this situation __________ represents __________.

Now let’s talk place value charts. Create simple place value charts that are reusable by including a place for hundreds, tens, and ones. This layout mimics the way the number is written from left to right. In the ones section, ensure that there are two ten-frames to promote the concept of a group of ten and eliminate the need for one-by-one counting. Ten frames also help students visualize how many more units are needed to make a complete set of ten.

Also give students time to represent a number using standard groupings and equivalent groupings. For example, the numeral 49 can be represented in standard form as 4 tens and 9 ones.

As well use equivalent groupings of 49 to show 3 tens and 19 ones. Without these types of experiences kids really struggle understanding that both values are equivalent.

Tip #2: Provide Opportunities to Count by Groups of  10’s and 100’s

You may have kids in 2nd and 3rd grade that continue to count things by ones instead of groupings things by 10. Grouping by 10’s is important because it’s mentally easier to count plus our number system is based on 10’s! Since we want to foster students ability to count by 10’s (not impose it on them) check out these 2 helpful activities.

The Crayon Counting Challenge

Gather your students in a circle. Find a collection of crayons (or any countable items ranging from 25 to 100) and spill them out in the middle of the circle. Ask students, “How could we can count these crayons in a way that’s easier than counting by ones?” Test out any of the counting suggestions that students give (ie. if they say count by 3’s then group and count the crayons by threes until you can’t make any more groups of 3).

After testing different strategies have a discussion on what worked well and what didn’t work so well. If no one suggests the idea of counting by 10’s, suggest it to the group and discuss how it worked in comparison to the other counting suggestions. Students typically discover that counting by 5’s or 10’s is the easiest method to group and count items.

The Classroom Estimation Activity

Create an estimation jar in your class. Fill a durable, clear plastic jar with 200 to 1000 items. Items like tiny erasers, beans or paper clips work well and are pretty inexpensive.

First give all students an opportunity to write down their estimates of the number of items in the jar. For example below, every student would record the number of erasers they believe are in the jar. After students arrive at their estimates have a class discussion about strategies they used to arrive at their recorded amount.

Next pour out all the items (ie. erasers) into several cups.

Group students in pairs and provide them with a cup to count and group the items 10 at a time.

After students have grouped all items into 10’s, place all of the groups in front of the class and ask the following questions:

  • How can we use the cups of 10 to tell how many we have altogether?
  • Can we make new groups using the groups of ten? What new groups can we form?
  • How many are in each new group?

After the class discussion provide larger containers for the new groups. For example, students may form new groups of 50 or 100 by combining 5 cups of 10 erasers into one container of 50. Make sure that you have large enough containers for the new groups (ie. 50 erasers in each new group) and label each new group.

Once all of the new groups are formed, count the hundreds, tens and ones separately. Record the total number of items (erasers) on a sheet of paper and discuss how their estimates were similar to or different from the actual number counted.

Tip #3: Use a daily place value warm-up to build confidence

Another great strategy for reinforcing place value is a daily warm-up, especially if it incorporates math talk. Since place value and base 10 understanding are the basis of our number system, it’s important that students get plenty of practice.

You’ve probably heard that people need to do something for 30 days to make it a habit. The same holds true for kids. To help your students master place value, I’ve created a 30 day warm- up routine. This routine engages your class in meaningful math discussions while building place value understanding within 1000.

Each day, project one math talk lesson onto your interactive whiteboard. Students will complete 4 daily questions. With 3 levels and 10 math talk activities included in each level, you’ll have 30 days of place value learning.

Level A: Beginner

Includes 10 math talks with:

  • 4 basic questions
  • 10 more and 10 less
  • Understanding base-ten models
  • Comparing the value of a given digit to another

Level B: Intermediate

Includes 10 math talks with:

  • 4 intermediate questions
  • Place value reasoning
  • Understanding base-ten models
  • Adding or subtracting multiples of ten
  • Comparing values
  • Plus 1 additional BONUS question

Level C: Advanced

Includes 10 math talks with:

  • 4 challenging questions
  • Understanding the value of a given digit
  • Understanding base-ten models
  • Applying place value understanding
  • Plotting numbers on number line
  • Plus 1 additional BONUS question

Take your student understanding of place value to the next level using this routine. Click on the image below to purchase.

Shop Recommended Resources

Place Value Routine

This math routine builds place value understanding in 30 days! Students answer 4 daily questions to build number sense within 1,000.

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Early grade students come to school counting by ones but the shift to more efficient strategies is necessary (especially when understanding larger numbers). Spending time in the early years grouping 10’s and 100’s, representing numbers in standard and equivalent groupings as well as reading and writing numbers will definitely help cement place value understanding.

I hope these tips help you foster a strong place value foundation in your students.

Full Citation of Place Value Mat & Place Value Relational Chart – Van De Walle, J., Karp, K.S., & Bay Williams J.M. (2010). Elementary and Middle School Mathematics: Teaching Developmentally (7th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon

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How to teach a child to count to 10, 20, 100

How to teach a child to count

Many children come to the first grade already with counting skills, so it is important for parents to teach them in advance. Today there are many techniques that make it interesting and fun.

Do not impose learning to count, it should be easy: in the course of daily activities or games. Count familiar objects together, gradually complicating the tasks. For example, he easily visualizes two oranges or four plates, but hardly abstract sets.

When to teach your child to count

Most experts believe that the best time to teach kids to count is 3-5 years. It is at this age that the child begins to be interested in new things and learns to establish patterns between numbers. However, everything is very individual. If the baby is actively exploring the world and is interested in mathematics earlier, you can start learning from the age of 1.5.

What methods to use to teach counting

We have collected proven methods that allow you to do this in a playful way that is interesting for the child.

  • Finger counting . The technique helps to understand how to teach a child to count to ten. It will be difficult for a baby to remember all the numbers at once, so you can start with five and focus on the fingers of one hand. Introduce the child to their names, then connect the second hand. You can use finger games when one disappears or two or three fingers meet together.
  • Use of study cards and sticks . You can lay them out one by one on the table and name the numbers, then move one part of the sticks to the right and the other to the left and ask how many sticks are in each part.
  • Number games . Teaching children to count can take place in a playful way. For example, the role-playing game "shop". You need to choose who will be the seller and who will be the buyer, and assign a currency. Selling or buying sweets and toys, the child will easily remember the numbers up to ten and even up to twenty.
  • Montessori method . It's like playing shop. You can give the child different coins, for example, a ruble, two, five, and ask him to calculate the amount or change money.
  • Doman technique . The author recommends using cards with red dots for counting. The color will attract the baby's attention.
‍ Glen Doman Cards
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  • Hundred Account Nikolai Zaitsev suggests immediately showing numbers from 0 to 99. So the child will understand how many tens and units each number makes.
Nikolai Zaitsev's cards
  • Polyakov's method . You will need cubes, a box with compartments according to the number of cubes and numbers. First, one cube is taken, placed in a cell and the number 1 is placed next to it. And so on up to 100.
Sergey Polyakov's Cubes

How to teach your child to count to 20

To teach your child to count to 20, use two pairs of hands - yours and his own. You can also use cubes, cards, sticks or draw dashes - whatever comes to mind. Such an account is given as easily as up to 10. At this stage, the child needs to understand the composition of the number.

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How to teach a child to count up to 100

Tell your child that there are only nine tens, then name each tens: ten, twenty, thirty, and so on. Invite him to memorize 10 new digits of each ten every day. At the end of the day, ask what the child remembers and repeat what they have learned on other days. To simplify repetition, you can count the objects that are in front of you. After the child has mastered the tens, invite him to play a game: write a series of numbers with tens and skip one number in the middle. Ask your child to complete the pass.

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You can also use Glenn Doman's method. First, the child needs to be shown cards with no more than five dots, then increase their number to 20, 50, and then up to 100. This method will also help train visual memory.

It is important to draw the attention of the child to the numbers from 11 to 19, as they are called differently from the rest.

‍ Source: freepik.com
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How to teach your child to add and subtract

To teach a child to solve examples, visualization is needed again. Bend and bend your fingers, remove and take out sweets.

Addition and subtraction are reciprocal operations. This connection needs to be conveyed to the child. That is, to demonstrate that 2+1 = 3 is the same as 3−1 = 2 and 3−2 = 1. If the child has mastered the principle, there will be no problems with other numbers.

To teach your child to add and subtract within 20, you need a number line. For example, 5+3. We find the number 3 on the beam and take five steps to the right. You can do the same with your fingers. So you can teach to count with the transition through a dozen and without.

Actions with the transition through ten have a peculiarity: you need to know the composition of the number and the pair of numbers that together form a ten (1 and 9, 2 and 8, 3 and 7, 4 and 6, 5 and 5). For example, 7+6. Seven to ten lacks three, that is, it turns out 7 + 3 + unknown. The six gave away three to ten, which means that there are still three left. Then it turns out: 7+3+3.

How to teach a child to count in columns

Explain that in addition and subtraction, all actions are performed in digits: tens with tens, ones with ones. For example, 31 + 12: a three is added to a unit, a unit to a two.

To simplify, you can do training exercises - for example, write numbers under each other. Number 6 at the bottom, 12 at the top. It is important to explain to the child that six should be under the number 2, and not 1, as it refers to units.

Start with simple examples, where numbers add up to a number less than 10. Then you can move on to examples with a transition through ten: for example, 25 + 16. 5 + 6 add up to 11. Then we write the unit from 11 under the line, and we remember the unit as a ten. When we add the tens, we get 2 + 1 and another +1, which we kept in our heads.

In the case of subtraction, you should also start with simple examples, gradually moving on to more complex ones. For example: 25-16, in the column where there are ones, 5 less than 6, explain to the child that in this case we kind of “borrow” a unit from tens.

For convenience, you can use the symbols that are marked in blue in the figure. In the first case, a ten is added, in the second, a dot serves as a reminder of a “busy” ten.

Counting games and exercises

Lego

Build towers with a certain number of blocks to teach your child to count. Later Lego will be needed in the development of fractions.

Fairy tales

Read to your child passages from fairy tales that contain numbers. He needs to clap as soon as he hears them.

Coloring pages with examples

You can teach your child to add and subtract through coloring pages, where an example is written in each cell, by solving which the child will recognize the color.

Board game "Strawberry paths"

There are two types of cards in the game: "Picking berries" and "Sharing berries". In the first case, you need to string a certain amount on your thread, and in the second, subtract, that is, give away. In the process, you need to count the berries and compare.

Strawberry Trails

Dominoes with numbers

The principle is the same as with pictures. One domino with two numbers around the edges is laid out by the child, the parent picks up a die with one of the numbers. The one who gets rid of the dominoes first wins.

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UNO

A game to reinforce colors and numbers. Each player has seven cards. The top card of the deck is turned over, and everyone in a circle must put a card on top of either the same color or the same number.

Board game "Fructo 10"

You have to race to find the right fruits with numbers. It will help to train the skill of fluent counting and mindfulness.

‍ Frukto 10 game

Summary

There is no mandatory requirement to teach a child to count before school. If he has a natural desire for new knowledge and discoveries, you can teach your baby to count from 3-5 years old. First to ten, then to a hundred. When tens and units are learned, proceed to the study of addition and subtraction. It is important to act gently and instill in the child a love of numbers and mathematics. With this you will be helped by professional teachers of Foxford Primary School.

How to teach your child to count: quick and easy mental counting training up to 10, 20 and 100

Counting is one of the basic skills that is desirable to master before the child goes to school. No one will demand that a first grader solve complex examples - but learning to count the number of objects and knowing the basics of addition and subtraction before school will be useful. The child will not have difficulty understanding the teacher's requests - for example, "take two pencils" - and the first grader will not feel less smart than peers who have already learned to count.

Sending your child to school, take care not only of his intellectual preparation. After all, at school, the kid will face a whole new world. Some children have a hard time adjusting. Make sure that your child is not offended by peers or teachers, that he has no problems and is safe with the help of the Find My Kids app!

There are many ways to teach a child to count: according to the methods developed by professional teachers, in a playful way, with the connection of rhymes and thematic videos. Whichever way you choose, learning to count can be considered the first step to learning mathematics. A good knowledge of mathematics is a guarantee not only of positive assessments, but also excellent memory and attention, developed logical thinking, and the ability to calculate the right solution in any situation.

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Content:

  • Getting Started with Numbers: When and Where to Start
  • How to teach a child to count to 10
  • How to teach a child to count to 20
  • How to teach a child to count to 100
  • Addition and Subtraction: Effective Ways to Learn
  • Methods for teaching counting, created by famous teachers
  • Easy Learning to Count: Tips for Parents

The first acquaintance with numbers: when and where to start

You can start introducing your baby to numbers at the age of 1. 5-2 years. But it is too early to expect significant mathematical success from a small child, although children quickly understand the difference between the concepts of “one” and “many” even at an early age.

Briefly about the stages of teaching a child to count - in the table:

Prostock-studio/Shutterstock.com

Trying to teach a child to count too early is not worth it because of the differences between children's thinking and adults. There is such a thing as the Piagetian phenomena, proven by the French psychologist Jean Piaget.

The psychologist proved that children under six years of age cannot treat counting abstractly, considering a mathematical operation to be correct only in the present tense and precisely with those objects that an adult shows. For example, a toddler under six years old will be convinced that if you take apples to another room, or replace apples with pears, then the number of items will change.

It is best to teach children to count in 4 stages:

  1. At 2-3 years old, it is enough to teach a child to understand the difference between "little" and "a lot".
  2. At 4-5 years old, it's time to learn to count within 10 concrete, not abstract, objects: sweets in a vase, plates on the table, books on the shelf.
  3. At the age of 5-6, a child can be taught to count up to 10 and up to 20, and show how numbers look and are written. At the same age, the baby is already able to understand the terms “more-less”, adding the right amount to the objects or, conversely, removing the excess in order to achieve equality (for example, laying out toys in equal piles).
  4. By the age of 6-7, the child is ready to learn to count up to 100, and to add and subtract numbers up to 10.

How to teach counting to 10

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You can teach your child to count to 10 before the age of five, or, if necessary, at an older age. The main conditions for successful learning to count up to 10 are a good vocabulary of the child and his interest in numbers.

How to teach your child to count to 10:

  • focus on the numbers that you already use in everyday situations, for example: “Now you are four years old, and soon you will be five years old”, “It's time to get up, it's already seven o'clock”;
  • show images with different number of objects within 10: illustrations in books, cubes, own drawings;
  • to quickly remember the sequence of counting up to 10 will help educational videos and cartoons on the relevant topic;
  • connect the elements of mental arithmetic: teach your child to use abacus - often children quickly master counting within 10, studying with abacus abacus, or even with classic wooden abacus;
  • use an element of the Montessori method: the famous teacher successfully taught children aged 3-6 to count, regardless of their initial abilities, using the most visual practical material - money (Maria Montessori considered exchanging money the most effective lesson for understanding the account).

Sending your child to school, take care not only of his intellectual preparation. After all, at school, the kid will face a whole new world. Some children have a hard time adjusting. Make sure that your child is not offended by peers or teachers, that he has no problems and is safe with the help of the Find My Kids app!

How to teach counting to 20

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You can teach your child to count to 20 when he can confidently count to 10. To quickly and easily master counting to 20, proceed in the following sequence:

  1. Tell your child what zero is (if they don't already know) using visual examples. For example, show two books or any two other identical objects, and then remove them. Explain that there were two books, and now there are zero.
  2. Show how new numbers are formed - it will be easier for a child to understand the principle using the example of numbers ending in zero. Tell me that in the Old Russian language "twenty" means ten and, accordingly, the number 20 is two tens (you need to count to ten twice).
  3. Introduce your child to the concept of "composition of a number" - also with the help of improvised items: counting sticks, toys, fruits. Put 10 identical items in one row, place an item different from these ten items on top, for example, a counting stick of a different color. Explain to the child that the number is eleven. By adding sticks on top, show how 12, 13, 14, and the rest of the numbers up to 20 are made.
  4. Ask the child to collect a certain number of identical objects (16, 17, 18, etc.) such as small toys, and together count the number of objects out loud.
  5. Reinforce the material with a number line from 0 to 20 - so the child will learn to count to 20 much faster. You can draw a number line yourself or use a ruler 20 centimeters long. By exercising with a ruler, the baby will gradually remember how to write numbers correctly and their correct sequence.

How to teach counting to 100

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When your child can count to 20 without falling off, it's time for parents to help their son or daughter master counting to 100. Try teaching your toddler to count to 100 in this way:

  1. Tell the child that numbers over ten used to be called “two ten”, “three ten”, “four ten”, and so on. Later, the word "ten" was shortened to "twenty" and the familiar "twenty", "thirty", "fifty" appeared. The exceptions to remember are "forty" (meaning "a lot") and "ninety" (meaning "nine to a hundred").
  2. Practice remembering tens in the correct order from 10 to 100: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50…
  3. Remembering the correct sequence of tens, go to the units. Explain to the child that the numbers from 20 to 100 are not in a row - there are always units between them: 21, 22, 23, etc. Children who are good at counting up to 10 and up to 20 quickly understand and remember the sequence of counting up to one hundred.
  4. Ask your child to learn the numbers gradually, one ten per day: from 10 to 20, from 20 to 30, and so on up to 100.
  5. Practice activities in play forms. Connect children's love to look for inconsistencies and mistakes: intentionally skip a number in a row up to 100, and ask your child to find the "missing" number - such logic games help to quickly memorize the score up to 100.

Having mastered the numbers, proceed to the gradual study of the multiplication table. We have collected in one place and talked about the most effective ways to help your child easily cope with this task!

Addition and subtraction: effective ways to learn

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By the time they start school, most children already know how to operate with basic mathematical operations - addition and subtraction. The modern program for the first grades is built in such a way that children are given tasks for addition and subtraction almost immediately - and it is better to learn how to add and subtract in time at preschool age.

How to teach your child addition and subtraction: first steps

Start familiarizing yourself with basic math operations by using visual objects - cubes, counting sticks or other things that are convenient for the child:

  • disassemble the number 2: show the child that if you add one object and another object, you get 2;
  • in the same way, disassemble the rest of the numbers within 10 by composition;
  • make sure that the child understands the principle of parsing and puts objects together without mistakes;
  • Having mastered addition, proceed to subtraction using the same visual objects.

Finger Addition and Subtraction

When your child learns to add and subtract objects, move on to finger addition and subtraction—or skip this step if your son or daughter is skillfully and confidently adding and subtracting everything around them. In any case, make sure that the baby gradually weaned from counting on the fingers - teachers notice that the habit of counting on the fingers prevents children from learning to count mentally.

How to teach a child to count on fingers:

  1. Start with five fingers on one hand and think of puzzles that are interesting for your baby. For example, an addition task: “You have 2 cars, so straighten two fingers. My brother has 3 cars, straighten three more fingers. You have 5 cars in total.
  2. Offer to solve subtraction problems. For example: “Mom has 4 sweets, straighten four fingers. Mom gave you one candy, bend one finger. Mom has 3 sweets left.
  3. When the child begins to add and subtract without errors within five, proceed to similar activities with the connection of all ten fingers.

How to teach your child to count mentally

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Learning to add and subtract mentally is one of the most useful skills for a preschooler and will greatly facilitate the study of mathematics in school. Before teaching a child to count mentally, make sure that he knows how to add and subtract objects, and that he can count at least within twenty.

How to teach your child to count mentally:

  1. Create a clear connection between the number and the visual image in your child: connect games with mathematical dominoes and cubes. You can use a mathematical set according to the Zaitsev method: a set of cards that connects a number and a geometric figure. Children perceive classes according to Zaitsev's method well - gradually you can learn addition and subtraction even within a thousand.
  2. Teach the child, if he does not yet know what is "more", "less", "equally" with the connection of illustrative examples.
  3. Spend enough time parsing the number. To add 4 and 3, the child must know that these numbers "fit" into the number 7. The same principle works with subtraction: to subtract 5 from 8, you need to know that 5 and 3 "fit" into 8.
  4. Introduce the child to the rule "the sum does not change from a change in the places of the terms."
  5. Connect to learning any game aids that your baby will like: cubes, tables, counting sticks, cards, themed board games.

How to teach a child to count in a column

If a child knows how to count up to a hundred and understands well what units and tens are, then there are usually no difficulties with counting in a column.

How to teach a child to count in a column:

  1. Explain that numbers are added and subtracted in a column by digits: units - separately, tens - separately.
  2. Show the sequence of actions if, when adding units, a number is obtained greater than or equal to 10: you need to write down only the second digit, and remember the first. For convenience, the first resulting figure can be written above the tens place. Parents probably remember from school times the expression: “We write two - one in the mind” (or other numbers from 0 to 9). Example: 17 + 15 = 7 + 5 = 12 (two is written, one goes to tens) = 1 + 1 + 1 = 3 (total sum of the tens digit) = 32 (the first digit is the sum of the tens digit, the second digit is the sum of the ones digit ).

    Prostock-studio/Shutterstock.com

  3. Teach your child to subtract in a column. The principle of operation is almost the same as during addition, only if the upper digit in units turned out to be less than the lower one, then the missing unit must be “borrowed” from tens. For example: 31-13 \u003d 11-3 \u003d 8 ("took" the number 1 from tens) \u003d 2-1 \u003d 1 (the number 3 in tens decreased by the "busy" unit) \u003d 18.

    Prostock-studio/Shutterstock.com

Methods for teaching counting, created by famous teachers

Try to connect one or several effective pedagogical methods to the study of counting:

Peterson

The Peterson method teaches children mathematics exclusively in a playful way: with the help of cubes, drawing, logic games.

Glen Doman

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Glen Doman's method is based entirely on visualization: children see the numbers on the cards and the number of points corresponding to the numbers, gradually mastering the count:

  1. Prepare cards from cardboard: on one side write a number, on the other side draw the number of dots corresponding to this number.
  2. Show the child a card with one dot and clearly state the number "One".
  3. Move on to other cards in the same way. Do not linger - one card should take as much time as it takes to pronounce a certain number.

In the first few sessions, the child can act as an observer. Don't ask him to repeat. After showing all the cards (10, 20 numbers depending on age), be sure to praise the baby, tell him how you love him and how you like to teach him. You can treat the future mathematician with something tasty, since physical encouragement is an integral part of Glenn Doman's methodology.

From 3-4 lessons you can start shuffling the cards, that is, showing them not in a clear digital order. Remember the main thing: show quickly, praise generously.

Mental arithmetic

Children learn to count with the help of knuckles, and later immediately begin to count in their minds without using the count or any other tools.

Read also: What you need to know about the psychological readiness of the child to learn?

Easy learning to count: tips for parents

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Rules for teaching preschoolers mathematics that have already proven their effectiveness in practice:

  • study 20-30 minutes a day, dividing classes into 2-3 times;
  • do not focus on repetition if this is not required to solve new problems: repetition for the sake of repetition in mathematics only slows down the result;
  • move on to new material when the child has properly mastered the previous one;
  • use the acquired knowledge in everyday life: count the steps, paws of cats, money in the store;
  • trust the child to complete tasks on his own - so the baby's self-confidence will only increase.

Be patient. Even if it’s hard and it seems that you have already explained it a hundred times, but the child still didn’t understand anything. Gradually, even such a difficult task as learning to count will fit in the child's head and, perhaps, your baby will become a future excellent student in mathematics!

September 1, 2020:

  • Will the children go to school in September and what will happen to the ruler? Answers to the main questions of parents
  • Preparing for September 1: checklist for parents. What should be done?
  • What to give a child on September 1?

Getting ready for school:

  • How to get your child ready for school and not become bankrupt?
  • The best smartphones for students for every wallet
  • Backpack, satchel or briefcase for a student: what to choose and how?

For parents of first graders and preschoolers:

  • Getting into school: a complete guide for parents of first graders
  • First Grader Complete Set: What's on the shopping list
  • How to help your child adjust to school

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