Dark red spot on leg

What Causes Red Spots on Legs?

Changes in your skin can be worrisome, especially if your symptoms include itchiness, discomfort, or pain.

And while red spots on your legs could be due to things like mild acne or a simple heat rash, other possible causes may warrant medical attention.

In this article, I’ll describe 12 possible causes of red spots on legs as well as treatment options and when to see a doctor. If you’ve developed a mild skin rash on your legs and you have no other symptoms, it’s OK to wait a few days to see if the rash will go away on its own.

However, if the spots persist for a few days, spread, become painful or infected, or if you develop any additional symptoms, contact your healthcare provider.

They can diagnose the rash and recommend the appropriate treatment plan.

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Potential Causes of Red Spots on Legs

Some causes of red spots on legs clear up in a few days on their own, while other causes require medical attention.

Identifying what’s going on can help determine the most effective course of treatment.

Below are some of the common causes of red spots on legs. 

Folliculitis

Folliculitis occurs when a fungal or bacterial infection (or even ingrown hairs) causes hair follicles to become inflamed or infected.

This can look like:

• Small red, itchy, or sore bumps
• White-headed pimples around hair follicles
• Tiny blister clusters around hair follicles

Mild cases of folliculitis can clear up on their own with basic self-care, including cleaning the affected area with antibacterial soap, using a warm compress, and applying soothing lotions to relieve itchy skin.

In other cases, your doctor may recommend using antibiotic or antifungal cream or shampoo.

If your folliculitis persists after a few days, contact a healthcare provider to discuss treatment options.

Psoriasis

Thick pink or red spots on the legs covered with white or silvery scales (called plaques) typically indicate psoriasis.

This chronic autoimmune disease tends to run in families.

While psoriasis most often affects only a few areas of skin, it can cover a larger area of the body.

The places most commonly affected by psoriasis are the:

• Elbows
• Knees
• Face, scalp, and inside of the mouth
• Fingernails and toenails
• Genitals
• Lower back
• Palms and feet

Steroid creams, moisturizers, and medicated lotions can treat psoriasis.

Eczema (atopic dermatitis)

Eczema (atopic dermatitis) causes dry, red, very itchy patches or spots that can appear on the hands, feet, neck, inside of elbows, legs, behind the knees, face, and elsewhere on the body.

Most times eczema is a chronic condition, with changes in severity from time to time. 

There is no cure for eczema.

However, over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription creams can help alleviate symptoms.

Hives (urticaria)

Allergies to foods, medications, or insect bites, and exposure to heat, cold, or the sun can cause hives (urticaria) in some people.

These uncomfortable, red, raised, itchy bumps come in a variety of shapes and sizes and can occur anywhere on the body.

They can also change size and location.

Hives tend to resolve after the allergic reaction ends and typically aren’t life-threatening.

Vasculitis

Vasculitis refers to the inflammation of the body’s blood vessels.

More than 20 different types of vasculitis can affect men and women of all ages. 

Hypersensitivity vasculitis (HV), also called leukocytoclastic vasculitis, is an extreme reaction to a drug, infection, or foreign substance that can cause red spots on the skin, often found on the lower legs.

In most cases, stopping use of the drug or substance causing the reaction will clear the rash.

Otherwise, prescription medications can help control symptoms. 

Keratosis pilaris

Keratin is a protein that makes up skin, hair, and nails.

If keratin builds up and plugs hair follicles, it causes keratosis pilaris.

This benign skin condition can look like small bumps or goosebumps on the skin and has a rough texture.

Keratosis pilaris more commonly affects people with very dry skin or eczema. 

Moisturizers are usually sufficient to manage symptoms, otherwise, your provider may recommend a steroid cream to reduce redness.

Insect bites

Most insect bites are harmless, but they can sometimes cause pain, itchiness, or discomfort.

Fire ant bites and certain other insect bites can also cause red spots on the skin. 

Using insect repellant and protective clothing can help prevent insect bites.

If bitten, topical or oral pain relievers, including ibuprofen (Advil) or lidocaine (Solarcaine), can help provide pain relief. Antihistamines and calamine lotion can help relieve itching.

Rosacea

Rosacea causes flushing and redness in the face.

Rarely, it causes red spots on the legs.

Most people can manage rosacea by identifying and avoiding triggers, wearing sunscreen, and, if necessary, taking prescription medication or using laser therapy.

Chicken pox

Though it’s less common since the chicken pox vaccine became available in 1995, children and adults still get this highly contagious viral infection.

Chicken pox causes raised, itchy red bumps that, over time, become blister-like and eventually break open and then crust over. Fever, headache, and fatigue often occur as well. 

These symptoms typically last 1-2 weeks and respond to home treatments such as calamine lotion, colloidal oatmeal baths, and OTC antihistamine and fever-reducing medication like acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil).

Heat rash

Also called miliaria or prickly heat, heat rash occurs when blocked pores or sweat ducts trap sweat underneath the skin.

Adults, children, and babies can get heat rash.

Symptoms include red spots or bumps and itching or prickling.

Most heat rashes heal with cooling of the skin via methods such as spending time in air conditioning, taking a cool shower, and using cold compresses.

Acne

Acne is a common skin condition that occurs when excess oil, bacteria, and dead skin cells clog pores.

This leads to blemishes that can range in size from small whiteheads, blackheads, and red spots or bumps (pimples) to large, painful, cyst-like lumps under the skin.

While acne blemishes most commonly appear on the face, forehead, chest, upper back, and shoulders, they can also appear on the legs. 

Treatment options vary depending on the type of acne, so it’s best to contact a doctor for customized acne care.

Skin cancer

In rare cases, unexplained bumps or spots on the legs or skin can be a sign of skin cancer.

There are three major types of skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Red spots on the legs could be a sign of BCC or an early form of skin cancer called Bowen’s disease.

Early detection is key to treating skin cancer, so if you notice abnormal growths or red spots on your legs that don’t go away within a week, follow up with a healthcare provider or dermatologist.

Treatment

Treatment for red spots on legs depends on the cause.

Some, such as psoriasis and eczema, may benefit from prescription lotions, ointments, and medications.

Others can be treated with over-the-counter (OTC) and home remedies.

OTC

OTC topical medications like hydrocortisone cream and calamine lotion may help alleviate itch and other symptoms caused by red spots on the skin.

And OTC pain relievers like ibuprofen (Advil) or acetaminophen (Tylenol) may help with any pain.

Home remedies

Home remedies may alleviate some symptoms of certain causes of red spots and skin rashes.

For itchy skin in particular, applying a cool compress or adding baking soda, uncooked oatmeal, or colloidal oatmeal to a lukewarm bath may bring some relief.

Before trying any home remedy, consult a healthcare professional to determine if the therapy will make your specific symptoms better or worse.

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When to See a Doctor

Many times, red spots on your legs isn’t cause for concern.

However, if they’re accompanied by severe symptoms or if they last for more than a week, contact a doctor.

They can help diagnose the cause of your symptoms and recommend a treatment plan.

How K Health Can Help

Did you know you can access online urgent care with K Health?

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Frequently Asked Questions

What causes red spots on lower legs?

There are several possible causes of red spots on legs, including eczema (atopic dermatitis), hives (urticaria), insect bites, and heat rash. If you’re unsure what’s causing your symptoms, contact a medical provider.

What do leukemia spots look like?

Some people with acute promyelocytic leukemia develop small red dots under the skin (called petechiae) that are generally most noticeable on people with light skin tones. In people with darker skin tones, these spots may be darker or less noticeable.

Why am I getting spots on my legs?

Working with a healthcare professional is the best way to determine the exact cause of spots on your legs. Possible causes include eczema, hives, insect bites, heat rash, and more serious causes like skin cancer.

What causes little red spots on legs?

It can be difficult to discern what’s causing red spots on your legs. Possible causes include eczema, hives, insect bites, and heat rash. However, some causes can be more serious. If you’re unsure about what’s causing your symptoms, contact a medical provider.

K Health articles are all written and reviewed by MDs, PhDs, NPs, or PharmDs and are for informational purposes only. This information does not constitute and should not be relied on for professional medical advice. Always talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of any treatment.

K Health has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references.

• Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. (2020).
  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/acute-promyelocytic-leukemia/

• Don’t Mistake These Skin Conditions for Acne. (2018).
  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/blog/skin-conditions-look-like-acne.html

• Heat Rash. (2020).
  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heat-rash/symptoms-causes/syc-20373276

• Hypersensitivity Vasculitis. (2021).
  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000874.htm

• Hypersensitivity Vasculitis (Leukocytoclastic). (2012).
  https://www.vasculitisfoundation.org/education/forms/hypersensitivity-vasculitis/#1543688622801-0ff50ec0-074c

• Insect Bites and Stings. (2017).
  https://medlineplus.gov/insectbitesandstings.html

• Keratosis Pilaris. (2021).
  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001462.htm

• Psoriasis. (2020).
  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6866-psoriasis

• Rashes. (2016).
  https://medlineplus.gov/rashes.html

• Rosacea. (2016).
  https://medlineplus.gov/rosacea.html

• Skin Cancer. (2020).
  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/skin-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20377605

• Vasculitis Care & Research. (n.d.).
  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/departments/orthopaedics-rheumatology/depts/vasculitis

Causes of Red Bumps and Spots on Legs

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It’s not likely that you panic when you spot red bumps on your legs. In most instances, you shouldn’t. But red bumps can be itchy and annoying. Occasionally, red bumps on your legs are the sign of a more serious condition.

Red bumps can be caused by allergies, insect bites, and certain skin conditions. The sources of bumps and rashes often vary by age and health condition.

If you’re wondering about red bumps on your legs, consider some of the most common culprits.

Do you have small red or white bumps that resemble goosebumps on the fleshier areas of your thighs and arms? If they don’t itch or they itch very little, they may well be keratosis pilaris. This is a common condition, affecting approximately 50 to 80 percent of adolescents, and 40 percent of adults, according to the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

Keratosis pilaris occurs when your pores are clogged with the protein keratin. Keratin is found in your skin, nails, and hair. You’re more likely to get keratosis pilaris if you have dry skin or eczema.

How it’s treated: Although the condition is harmless, you may want to talk to your doctor about using treatments such as medicated creams. There are several types of over-the-counter (OTC) medicated creams that are designed to help loosen and remove dead skin cells.

Look for products that contain ingredients such as:

• salicylic acid
• alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs), such as lactic acid
• urea

Medicated creams may be especially beneficial when used with thick moisturizing creams. There’s no one-size-fits-all solution for this condition, but keeping your skin hydrated and moisturized should help.

In severe cases, laser therapy may be used.

Shop for OTC treatments: Shop for keratosis pilaris treatments.

Also shop for products containing salicylic acid, alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) such as lactic acid, and urea.

Folliculitis is typically caused by an infection in the hair follicles of the scalp or on areas of the body that have been shaved. It’s mostly caused by staph bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). Folliculitis can also be caused by inflammation from ingrown hairs, viruses, or fungi.

It results in small red bumps or pimples on the skin, which you may know as razor burn or razor rash. Shaving, tight clothing, and the combination of heat and sweat are typical sources of folliculitis. Folliculitis can affect people of all ages, but there are certain factors which may increase your risk. You may be at higher risk of this condition if you:

• have a condition that negatively affects your immune system, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diabetes, HIV, or AIDS
• have acne, especially if you’ve taken antibiotics for acne long-term
• have eczema
• have skin that’s been damaged from hair removal techniques, such as shaving against the grain or waxing
• have curly facial hair, or hair that’s prone to becoming ingrown
• wear tight clothing, or clothing made of materials which trap in heat
• frequent hot tubs which aren’t well-maintained or sanitary

Folliculitis can be itchy and uncomfortable. However, it isn’t serious unless it progresses to a more severe type of infection. These severe infections may include boils, carbuncles, and cellulitis.

How it’s treated: Folliculitis usually clears up on its own. If it lasts longer than 10 days or it worsens, you should see your doctor. Antibiotics in the form of pills or creams are typically used to treat persistent or severe folliculitis.

If the red spots combine in patches and itch like crazy, you may have eczema. Eczema, or atopic dermatitis, is a common skin condition. Eczema may be dry and scaly, or it can blister and ooze a clear fluid. Eczema tends to flare up at times. Common triggers include:

• soaps and detergents
• cleaning products
• perfumes
• cosmetics
• animal fur or dander
• wool
• sweat and heat
• cold, dry conditions
• stress

The cause of eczema is not fully understood, but there are some common patterns:

• Eczema often runs in families.
• You have a greater likelihood of getting eczema if you or a family member has asthma or seasonal allergies.
• Eczema is more common in urban areas with high levels of pollution and in colder climates.
• Children born to older mothers are more likely to have the condition.

Although people of all ages can have eczema, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) says that 85 percent of cases begin in children under the age of five. Another study found that 50 percent of people who had eczema as a child continue to have some signs of the condition in adulthood.

Like most skin conditions, eczema can become infected. Additionally, if you have eczema, avoid being around people who have cold sores or chicken pox. Exposure to the viruses that cause these conditions puts you at risk of getting eczema herpeticum, a severe, rapidly spreading infection.

How it’s treated: A number of medications are used to treat eczema, including antibiotics, antihistamines, and corticosteroids. Your doctor will help you find the medications that are most effective for you.

Regular use of non-medicated moisturizing creams and ointments are also usually recommended for treatment and prevention of eczema flares. Your doctor also will work with you to identify eczema triggers and reduce your exposure to them.

Shop for OTC treatments: Shop for eczema creams and lotions.

Approximately 20 percent of people will get hives in their lifetime, says the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI). Hives, also called urticaria, are raised, itchy, red or skin-tone welts. They turn white when you press their center. Hives can appear anywhere on the body, and people of all ages get them.

You can get hives in response to a wide range of triggers, such as:

• some foods
• medications
• pollen
• latex
• insects
• cold
• heat or the sun, in a condition known as solar urticaria

Hives are also associated with certain conditions, including:

• colds or other viral infections
• sinusitis, strep throat, or other bacterial infections
• mononucleosis
• hepatitis
• autoimmune diseases

Hives are generally not serious unless accompanied by a more systemic allergic reaction. Seek urgent medical attention if you have the following symptoms:

• trouble breathing or swallowing
• coughing
• wheezing
• dizziness
• abdominal pain or vomiting
• swelling of your face or tongue

How it’s treated: Hives often go away without treatment, except in cases of an allergic reaction. Antihistamines are the most commonly used medication for treatment of hives.

You may use both OTC and prescription antihistamines for hives caused by an allergic reaction. For initial treatment, you’ll likely be recommended a non-sedating antihistamine. Examples include loratadine (Claritin), cetirizine (Zyrtec), and fexofenadine (Allegra).

If those medications don’t get rid of the hives, you’ll also add a sedating antihistamine at night. Examples include diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and the prescription medication hydroxyzine (Atarax).

In some cases, oral steroids may be prescribed. Injections of the steroid betamethasone (Celustone) might also be needed to treat hives.

Shop for OTC treatments: Shop for non-sedating antihistamines, such as loratadine, cetirizine, and fexofenadine.

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Shop for sedating antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine.

Your little red bumps may be bug bites — especially if they itch like the devil. Common culprits in the insect kingdom include:

Fire ants

Fire ant bites are actually stings, which may appear as raised clusters. These raised, red bumps sometimes contain pus. They may be accompanied by welts, followed by blisters.

How it’s treated: Treatment includes a variety of antihistamines, cold compresses, and pain medication.

Oral pain medications that may provide relief include acetaminophen (Tylenol) and ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin). A topical pain medication that can be used is lidocaine (Solarcaine).

Shop for OTC treatments: Shop for antihistamines.

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Shop for cold compresses.

Shop for pain medications, including acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and lidocaine.

Mosquitoes

Mosquito bites can be hard to the touch. They can occur as solo bumps, or you may see several in a cluster. They may or may not turn red.

How it’s treated: The itch from mosquito bites can be reduced with topical use of witch hazel or hydrocortisone cream.

Shop for OTC treatments: Shop for witch hazel and hydrocortisone creams.

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Fleas

Fleabites appear in multiple clusters, each with three or four red, raised bumps. There’s a lighter red circle around each bump. The bumps may bleed.

If your bites fill with pus, you should have them checked by a doctor.

How it’s treated: Hydrocortisone creams and antihistamines are usually enough to reduce the itch.

Shop for OTC treatments: Shop for hydrocortisone creams and antihistamines.

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Chiggers

Chigger bites result in small, red, itchy bumps, each with a bright red dot in the center. They can cause intense itching.

How it’s treated: Itching may be reduced with hydrocortisone creams.

Shop for OTC treatments: Shop for hydrocortisone creams.

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Lice

Lice bites can occur on the head, in the pubic area, or on the body. The bites look like red or pink clusters. You may see eggs along with the bumps.

How it’s treated: Reducing the lice infestation by combing out the eggs, and using topical creams designed for this purpose, will help to eliminate the bumps.

Shop for OTC treatments: Shop for lice treatments. Also shop for lice combs.

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Bed bugs

Bed bug bites can look like red lines made up of dots, which may be flat or raised.

How it’s treated: The itching can be reduced with hydrocortisone creams and antihistamines.

Shop for OTC treatments: Shop for hydrocortisone creams and antihistamines.

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Scabies

Scabies leads to raised, red bumps which may appear along wavy lines. The wavy lines are made by the burrowing insects.

How it’s treated: Treatment requires a scabicide cream such as permethrin (Eilimite). It kills scabies mites and their eggs.

Shop for OTC treatments: Shop for scabies creams.

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General tips

The itching caused by most bug bites may be helped by:

• oral or topical corticosteroids
• a variety of OTC or prescription antihistamines, which may be taken orally or applied topically
• ice or cool compresses
• an application of calamine lotion

Remember that prevention, in the form of insect repellents and keeping your skin covered, is the most important step in keeping bloodthirsty critters away.

Shop for OTC treatments: Shop for antihistamines, such as loratadine, cetirizine, fexofenadine, and diphenhydramine.

Shop for cold compresses, calamine lotions, and insect repellents.

Psoriasis is a chronic condition that causes red, scaly patches to appear on the skin. One form of psoriasis, guttate psoriasis, is characterized by small reddish or pinkish spots that may also have a scaly quality. Spots are likely to occur on the trunk and limbs. Guttate psoriasis is the second most common type of psoriasis, following plaque psoriasis. It may cause hundreds of spots to occur at one time.

Triggers or risk factors for guttate psoriasis include:

• tonsillitis
• strep throat or other strep infections
• upper respiratory infection
• skin injury
• medications, such as beta-blockers or antimalarial drugs
• high levels of stress

How it’s treated: Topical ointments, such as corticosteroids, can be effective at reducing outbreaks. If the bumps are very widespread, they may also be cumbersome to apply. Phototherapy treatments may also be used. These treatments may involve ultraviolet light or a combination of ultraviolet light and a light-sensitizing medication such as psoralen.

Shop for OTC treatments: Shop for psoriasis treatments.

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There are several different types of skin cancer which may appear like red bumps on the skin. These include basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and Bowen’s disease. Skin cancer is typically caused by unprotected, chronic exposure to the sun.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer. Basal cell carcinomas are abnormal growths which form in the skin’s basal cell layer. They often appear as one small and shiny red bump, and they can look like an open sore.

How it’s treated: BCCs must be removed surgically.

Bowen’s disease

Bowen’s disease is an early form of skin cancer. It appears on the surface of the skin and is also referred to as squamous cell carcinoma in situ. It resembles a reddish, scaly patch, which may ooze, crust over, or itch. In addition to sun exposure, Bowen’s disease may be caused by exposure to arsenic or human papilloma virus 16 (HPV 16). HPV 16 is the wart virus associated with cervical cancer.

How it’s treated: Patches caused by Bowen’s disease must also be removed surgically.

Vasculitis is a condition which causes inflammation of the blood vessels. This decrease in the flow of blood results on a wide range of symptoms, including:

• aches and pains
• weight loss
• night sweats
• rashes

There are many types of vasculitis, most of which are rare. Some of them have red skin bumps as a symptom, including:

Hypersensitivity vasculitis

Hypersensitivity vasculitis is also known as allergic vasculitis. It’s marked by red spots on the skin, which often appear on the lower legs. An outbreak may be triggered by infection or adverse reaction to medications such as antibiotics, anti-seizure drugs, and gout medications.

How it’s treated: In most cases, no treatment is required. Some people may be prescribed anti-inflammatory medications or corticosteroids to help with joint pain.

Kawasaki disease

Kawasaki disease, or mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, is most often seen in children under five years of age. Symptoms include skin rash, swollen tongue, red eyes, and fever. Its cause is unknown.

How it’s treated: This condition can become dangerous if not caught and treated early. Treatment usually consists of intravenous immunoglobulin.

If you have an outbreak of red bumps on your legs, you’ll want to eliminate their itch as well as their physical presence. There are a number of at-home remedies you can try, including:

• Aloe vera gel. You can purchase aloe vera gel commercially or cut open the plant and use the sticky substance inside its leaves.
• Apple cider vinegar and white vinegar. When applied topically, either type of vinegar can help to soothe itchy skin.
• Calamine lotion. Calamine lotion can be applied topically on red bumps.
• Witch hazel. Simply pour witch hazel on the affected area.
• Oatmeal. Oatmeal contains chemicals called avenanthramides that reduce itching and inflammation. They also block the action of histamines — the chemicals in your body that cause allergic reactions. Try oatmeal compresses, ointments, or bath treatments. Treatments that use colloidal oatmeal are soothing for irritated or itchy skin.

Shop for OTC treatments: Shop for aloe vera gels.

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Shop for apple cider vinegar and white vinegar.

Shop for calamine lotions, and witch hazel.

Also shop for oatmeal treatments and colloidal oatmeal.

Normally, the presence of little red bumps on your legs isn’t a matter of concern. But skin conditions carry the risk of becoming more serious infections. Treat your rash as recommended by your doctor and keep an eye out for signs of infection, such as:

• increasing redness or swelling around the bumps
• redness streaking from the rash
• pain
• fever
• blisters

"Port-wine" spots on the skin - diagnosis and treatment

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/ What problems do we solve

/ Wine stains on the skin

In people suffering from this disease, it is not a vascular network that forms, but a solid burgundy or red spot. Such vessels are simply not able to narrow, they are overflowing with blood, which is why they give the skin its characteristic burgundy and red-violet tones. It is worth noting that this problem is by no means uncommon - for a thousand newborns, three babies are born with port-wine stains. nine0003

At an early age, such formations look flat, pink, red or purple. Most often they are located on the face and neck, but can be found on any other areas of the skin and mucous membranes. Wine stains grow with the child. Over time, they change color, thicken, and dark nodules appear on the surface. Unfortunately, wine stains never disappear on their own, they stay with a person for life.

Why do wine stains appear? nine0015

So far, medicine has not given an exact answer to why congenital port wine spots occur. But there are some factors that provoke their formation:

• Penetration of toxins into the woman's body during pregnancy;
• Unstable estrogen progestin levels in a woman during pregnancy;
• Certain infections of the urinary system;
• Influence of various radiations on the body of a future mother. nine0020

What is the danger of port-wine stains?

Port-wine stains, especially those on the face, certainly lead to psychological and social difficulties in the first place. A child with such an education develops low self-esteem, in the future he may experience serious problems in communication. A person with a port-wine stain on his face is more difficult to arrange his personal life, find a well-paid job and advance in the service.

• If the spot is located on the temple, forehead or eyelids, it can provoke the development of glaucoma (a disease of increased eye pressure). In this case, there is a high risk of complete loss of vision;
• Sometimes the skin around the spots can become much thicker and thus make it difficult to move the joints of the arms and legs, and if the spot is on the cheek, even interfere with chewing food; nine0020
• With age, the surface of port-wine stains becomes uneven, dark red nodules appear on it, consisting of dilated vessels - angiomas. They are easily injured, bleed and heal poorly;
• Sometimes wine stains indicate the presence of certain genetic diseases that require attention and appropriate treatment.

How to get rid of wine stains?

More recently, wine stains were either not treated, or doctors resorted to surgical intervention (skin grafting) - a very traumatic and dangerous procedure, since with the tumor nature of the stain, its remaining cells could be transformed into malignant ones. nine0003

It is important to understand that on the skin of the same person there may be several forms of nevus of the most diverse origin. If you were manipulated to remove one port-wine stain, then the rest of the formations on the body may have a different origin, they should be studied separately.

When applying for a nevus formation, the diagnostic process begins with an examination. The doctor fixes the size of the spot, its shape, accurately describes the location of wine stains, participation in the process of hair follicles, and much more. If there are difficulties in diagnosis, a number of additional studies are carried out. nine0003

Methods for treating port-wine stains

In the past, methods such as X-ray therapy, cryotherapy and sclerotherapy were used to treat port-wine stains. They not only did not give results, but also left scars and scars.

Laser therapy is the most effective way to treat this skin pathology. The Altermed clinic uses the latest developments in medical technology, based on the principle of selective action of a laser beam on blood vessels. As a result, the surrounding tissues around the spot remain intact, there is no risk of scarring, burns and other complications, the skin in the area of ​​the nevus acquires a normal color. nine0003

To completely get rid of the "wine" stain, several procedures are necessary. The result depends on its size: the larger the spot, the lower the percentage of effectiveness, i.e. the skin just brightens up. Meanwhile, during the session, tissue nutrition, blood microcirculation improves, oxygen saturation increases. Of particular note is that, as confirmed by scientific and clinical studies, the number of complications and treatment times with the use of laser light are reduced by 30%. nine0003

If you are faced with such an unpleasant problem as port-wine stains, you should not delay it, because the sooner you start treatment, the more effective it will be. At the Altermed clinic, we will help to resolve this issue as quickly and efficiently as possible: highly qualified specialists with the help of the latest medical equipment work real miracles!

How can we help?

Laser removal of hemangiomas is the most effective way to solve such problems

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Physicians of department

Ibraev Anatoly Tomasovich

Efimova Maria Alekseevna

Andreeva Oksana Alexandrovna

Loginova Natalya Alexandrovna

Shcheglova Yulia Evgenievna

Begunova Anna Vladimirovna

Karpova Maria Alexandrovna

Konkova Julia Gennadievna

Gordilova Victoria Grigorievna

Dzhashiashvili Maggi Dzhemalovna

Blacios Nikos Dmitrios

reasons for the appearance of spots on the legs, head, hands

Publication: 13. 09.2022 Change: 09/19/2022

Many doctors consider the skin to be an indicator of health, as it signals the onset of pathological processes within the body. Therefore, even such a common symptom as red spots indicates various diseases. Possible causes include skin diseases, allergic reactions, infectious pathologies or autoimmune processes. However, in some cases, red spots on the skin can be a cosmetic defect, which is why it is so important to understand the causes of the appearance and choose the right method of treatment. nine0003

Author:

Ibraev Anatoly Tomasovich

Important!

The information in this article should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. For staging correct diagnosis and treatment should always consult a doctor. nine0003

Types of red spots on the skin

A macula or macula is a localized discoloration of the skin that is either inflammatory or non-inflammatory in nature:

• Inflammatory (vascular) formations appear as a result of the expansion of the blood vessels of the papillary dermis. In this case, bright red or red-bluish rashes appear, which may lighten with time. Spots of small diameter (up to 20-25 mm) are called roseola, in other cases we are talking about erythema. If all skin integuments are included in the pathological process, erythroderma occurs. nine0020
• As a result of hemorrhages, hemorrhagic spots appear. Initially they have a purple-red tint, but over time they turn yellow and disappear. The appearance of such formations is preceded by tissue injury.
• Non-inflammatory spots are the result of hemorrhage, disturbances in the content of melanin in cells or the introduction of dyes into the skin. In some cases (for example, with vasodilation) they can also have a red or red-cyanotic tint.

A cosmetic defect in the form of red spots occurs in people of any gender and age, often spots are found even in infants. At the same time, such rashes have a different appearance: they differ not only in shape, size and quantity, but also in shade. Conventionally, red spots are divided into the following groups:

• flat and convex;
• swollen (inflamed) and not inflamed;
• smooth and rough;
• wet and dry; nine0020
• with a clear outline and blurry;
• dark purple or reddish (pink).

The localization of spots also differs. In rare cases, they appear on almost all parts of the body. More often you can find an option when the rashes are concentrated on a separate area: face, neck, arms, back, genitals.

Symptoms and causes

We have already noted that there are a huge number of possible reasons for the appearance of such formations. More often we are talking about the development of skin or infectious diseases, but sometimes spots are the result of mental disorders or other malfunctions in the body. The following factors can provoke the appearance of rashes:0003

• Diseases of the heart or blood vessels.
• Allergic reactions.
• Autoimmune pathologies.
• Dermatological diseases.
• Dysfunction of internal organs.
• Parasitic and bacterial infections.
• Some insect bites.
• Oncological diseases.
• Malnutrition, disorders in the digestive tract.
• Poor ecological situation in the place of residence. nine0020
• Frequent stress and anxiety.

Because there are many causes for red rashes, symptoms will vary from case to case. Spots can be all over the body or only in certain areas, itching, burning or peeling are additionally manifested, but sometimes they may not be. It is impossible to talk about the presence of a single clinical picture, so a separate diagnosis will be required.

If we talk about the most common conditions that provoke the appearance of red spots, then it is worth highlighting the following pathologies:

Allergy . The external manifestation of this problem is itchy reddish spots of various sizes and shapes. Their appearance is accompanied by swelling and peeling of the skin. Some patients experience general malaise, weakness, chills. As a rule, symptoms appear immediately after contact with the allergen: they can be certain products, cosmetics, medicines, plants. In rare cases, the appearance of rashes is associated with exposure to low temperatures. nine0003

Allergies often show up as pink spots where skin contacts clothing, which may indicate the use of inappropriate detergent or personal care products.

Rubella . Red small spots on the skin can be the result of rubella measles. They occur throughout the body, but the maximum localization is noted on the back, face and neck. As a rule, the formations disappear within a few days, but only with treatment.

Pityriasis rosea Gibert . This pathology is most often encountered by patients with weakened immunity. For this reason, the risk of disease in spring and autumn increases significantly. Lichen may appear as pink, reddish or crimson spots up to 5 cm in diameter. Outwardly, such formations resemble plaques. First, one spot appears, after 5–7 days, others, smaller in size, are found near it. At the same time, peeling of the skin may appear, less often - swelling of the tissues is observed. nine0003

Erythema . This condition is characterized by reddening of the skin, which occurs after the activation of blood circulation and the expansion of capillaries. As a rule, this is the result of heavy physical exertion or excitement. Often, redness is observed on the face after massage, peeling or masks. The spots are relatively large, but do not require treatment, as they quickly disappear on their own.

Less common is persistent erythema characterized by extensive areas of redness resembling bruising or bruising. Such a problem can lead to the development of rosacea, therefore, it requires an examination and consultation with a dermatologist. nine0003

Urticaria . A fairly common cause of skin rashes, which is often characterized by a long course. Under the urticaria understand a whole group of diseases that lead to the formation of angioedema and blisters. Urticaria can result from medications, certain foods, and supplements. In rare cases, pathology occurs as a result of infections.

Chickenpox . Chickenpox is infectious and can be dangerous to health. This pathology is complicated by pustular lesions, stomatitis and conjunctivitis, in rare cases, damage to internal organs and the brain occurs. nine0003

Chickenpox is one of the common causes of red spots on the skin. As a rule, the rashes are small, localized throughout the body. Further, bubbles up to 5 mm in diameter are formed, which after 2–3 days become covered with a dry crust. Both spots and vesicles can be present on the skin at the same time.

Ringworm . This is a pathology of fungal origin, which is known in dermatology under the term "microsporia". The causative agent of pathology is a fungus of the genus Microsporum, which parasitizes in the stratum corneum of the epidermis. It is because of it that the skin is covered with rounded spots that have a non-uniform color: the center is lighter, while the edges of the formation may have a bright red tint. As a rule, rashes are found on the head, arms and legs. nine0003

Pityriasis versicolor . Another type of infectious disease that leads to damage to the upper layers of the skin. However, this form of the disease is not contagious and rarely leads to serious consequences, but it is characterized by fairly large lesions. Pathology occurs as a result of some autoimmune disorders, excessive sweating, hormonal problems, etc.

Eczema . This inflammatory skin disease has an allergic nature, but the causes and prerequisites for its development are still not fully understood. Often the disease is called "weeping lichen" due to the presence of characteristic symptoms. nine0003

Initially, inflamed areas appear on the skin in the form of red spots, which gradually merge into a separate affected area. After that, characteristic nodules with a bright red color and clear boundaries are formed. Bubbles quickly open, which leads to the appearance of point erosions, which are replaced by crusts and peeling.

Photodermatitis . The reason for the development of such a pathology is the increased sensitivity of the epidermis to ultraviolet radiation. As a result, persistent redness of the skin appears, which can be accompanied by itching, burning, and even blisters. Often there are large red spots on the skin. It should be noted that the symptoms of the condition are very similar to a number of dermatological diseases (for example, in many patients, photodermatitis has all the signs of systemic lupus erythematosus), which complicates the diagnostic process. nine0003

Important!

The information in this article should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. For staging correct diagnosis and treatment should always consult a doctor.

Psoriasis . One of the most common dermatological diseases is psoriasis. Pathology has an autoimmune origin, the causes of its development can be infectious, psychosomatic, hereditary or mixed. nine0003

Characteristic raised spots with a smooth surface appear on the skin. After a few days, they become covered with white scales, itching occurs. Many patients note dryness and flaking of the skin, and cracks and blisters are also found in advanced cases.

Atopic dermatitis . This chronic inflammatory disease is confused with eczema, although there are a number of differences between the pathologies. AtD is characterized by the appearance of red spots with peeling on various parts of the body. Most often, rashes are localized on the bend of the elbow and knee joints, neck and face. nine0003

As a rule, pathology occurs in childhood and a whole complex of factors (both external and genetic) contributes to its appearance. In half of the cases, atopic dermatitis disappears over time, in the remaining patients it persists and recurs throughout life.

Helminthiases . One of the causes of red rashes is exposure to toxic substances that are released during the life of parasites. The size and location of the formations vary depending on the degree of intoxication of the body. As a rule, a rash appears first, which is accompanied by itching and skin irritation. In the future, purulent boils may appear. nine0003

Fungal mycosis . A fairly serious disease, a malignant lymphoid lesion, which is characterized by the appearance of red dry plaques (that is, large-sized elements that rise above the surface of the skin). Outwardly, the formations resemble eczema, but have a rounded shape and clear boundaries.

Hyperhidrosis . An unobvious cause of red round spots on the skin is hyperhidrosis. This is a functional disorder of sweating, characterized by the release of an increased amount of sweat. As a result of this, redness appears in the armpits and in other areas that are affected by the pathology. nine0003

Emotional experiences . As a result of psychological disorders and excitement, characteristic redness periodically appears on the neck and face. This problem is the result of depression, emotional overload, chronic lack of sleep. In rare cases, the problem is accompanied by itching, swelling and peeling.

Diagnostic methods

In the event that a red spot appears on the skin that does not go away within a few days or changes its shape / appearance, it is better to seek the advice of a dermatologist. Such a measure will not be superfluous, as it will identify the causes of rashes and exclude serious pathologies. The presence of the following symptoms should alert:

• Itching or burning.
• Peeling skin.
• Increased size or number of spots.
• Soreness on pressure.
• Swelling, weeping.
• The beginning of the inflammatory process.

To determine the nature and characteristics of the formations, the doctor performs an examination using a dermatoscope. Of key importance is the collection of anamnesis, clarification of symptoms, identification of concomitant diseases. After the examination, the specialist appoints the patient a number of additional studies, among which may be:

• Complete blood count.
• Urinalysis.
• Microscopic examination of skin scrapings.
• Ultrasound of internal organs.
• ECG, etc.

If necessary, the patient is assigned a consultation with other specialists: for example, a therapist, endocrinologist, gastroenterologist, etc. As a result of such an examination, it will be possible to identify comorbidities and determine which diseases provoked red spots on the skin. nine0003

Differential diagnosis is important at this stage, since sometimes rashes in various pathologies can be identical. That is why it is required to exclude the presence of other diseases and allergic reactions.

Already during the examination, the doctor may suspect the presence of a particular pathology. The existing symptoms and the appearance of the spots are taken into account. For example:

• Red rashes that look like mosquito bites but without itching or pain are often the result of stress or anxiety. In rare cases, this may be a manifestation of an allergy or pink lichen Zhibera. nine0020
• Spots associated with soreness or itching may indicate the presence of autoimmune diseases, urticaria or psoriasis.
• A rash that looks like a burn is often a manifestation of atopic dermatitis. They may be accompanied by itching (especially at night).
• Red sores or plaques along the hairline may be a symptom of seborrheic dermatitis.
• Small spots all over the body indicate the presence of measles, chickenpox or lichen. Also, such symptoms occur in some patients with coronavirus. nine0020
• Red rough spots on the skin of the hands indicate a lack of certain vitamins and microelements in the body. In most cases, you can compensate for their lack by changing the diet.

Methods of treatment

The treatment of the problem is individual, since when drawing up the scheme, the doctor takes into account the patient's state of health, the identified pathologies and the presence of symptoms. An integrated approach is always used for the treatment of spots, which includes various conservative methods:

• Medical therapy.
• Local therapy (treatment of the skin).
• Physiotherapy procedures.

Radical removal procedures are required in rare cases. During treatment, the patient may need to adjust the diet and avoid interaction with allergens. At the same time, in most cases, the use of traditional medicine is unacceptable, since they aggravate the course of the disease and lead to the development of a chronic process. nine0003

Different groups of drugs are used for drug therapy. Most often it is:

• Antihistamines . With a severe allergic reaction or exacerbation of eczema.
• Antibiotics . To combat the infectious nature of different types of red spots on the skin.
• Glucocorticosteroids . Hormonal agents to relieve inflammation.
• Tranquilizers . Used to relieve severe itching.
• Diuretics . Drugs to eliminate puffiness.
• Enterosorbents . To remove the products of intoxication from the intestines.
• B vitamins . They are used to normalize the functioning of the nervous system.

With regard to radical treatment methods, they include electrocoagulation, laser removal and cryosurgery (exposure to liquid nitrogen). Such procedures are used in cases where conservative treatment did not bring relief to the patient or cosmetic defects remained after the therapy. nine0003

If we talk about the prevention of red spots, then there are no universal recommendations, since it is always necessary to take into account the cause of the pathology. In order to reduce the likelihood of rashes, it is best to exclude contact with stray animals, refuse products that cause allergies, and regularly undergo preventive examinations with doctors. This will allow early detection of any disturbances in the functioning of the immune system and prevent possible diseases of the internal organs. nine0003

Literature

• Karavaeva TA, Korolkova TN Psychological mechanisms and psychosomatic correlations in various dermatoses // Clinical dermatology and venereology. - 2018. - V. 17, No. 5. - S. 7–16.
• Kubanova AA Analysis of the incidence of diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue in the Russian Federation for the period 2003–2016.

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