2 periods 1 month

Two periods in one month: 6 causes

The average menstrual cycle is 28 days long but can vary from 24 to 38 days. If a menstrual cycle is shorter, a person can have a period more than once a month.

While occasional changes in the menstrual cycle are not unusual, frequently experiencing two periods in a month may indicate an underlying issue.

Possible causes of having two periods in 1 month include:

1. One-time anomaly

A person may occasionally have a shorter menstrual cycle that includes two periods in a month.

Following this, their periods may return to their regular cycle.

This occasional change is why doctors look for consistent patterns of frequent bleeding before making a diagnosis or suggesting treatments unless there is an infection or more serious issue present.

2. Young age

Irregular menstrual cycles are common in young people who have just started to have periods.

People tend to have shorter or sometimes longer menstrual cycles during puberty, which may lead to them having two periods in 1 month.

Hormone levels fluctuate significantly during puberty. Research suggests that a young person’s menstrual cycle can take around 6 years to become regular from the time they start having periods.

3. Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a condition where tissue that is similar to uterine tissue grows in other areas of the body.

Endometriosis can cause abdominal pain, abnormal cramping, and irregular bleeding. Sometimes, bleeding can be heavy enough to seem like another period.

A doctor can, in some circumstances, diagnose endometriosis using a pelvic exam and ultrasounds.

However, a minor surgery called laparoscopy is the only definitive way to diagnose the condition.

4. Perimenopause

Perimenopause refers to the years leading up to menopause when a person’s hormones start to change.

Perimenopause may last up to 10 years. During that time, people often experience irregular menstrual cycles, including having shorter or longer cycles, skipping periods, or experiencing heavier or lighter bleeding.

When someone has had no periods for 12 consecutive months, they are in menopause.

5. Thyroid problems

The thyroid is a regulator of hormonal processes in the body.

This small, butterfly-shaped gland sits just in front of the throat and controls functions, such as body temperature and metabolism.

Irregular menstrual cycles are a common symptom associated with thyroid problems. This is true in both underactive thyroid or hypothyroidism and overactive thyroid or hyperthyroidism.

According to the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, an estimated one in eight women will experience thyroid problems in their lifetime.

Symptoms of hypothyroidism include:

• always feeling cold
• constipation
• feeling tired all the time
• heavy menstrual bleeding
• pale skin
• puffy face
• slow heart rate
• unexplained weight gain

Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include:

• always feeling hot
• bulging of the eyes
• diarrhea or frequent bowel movements
• difficulty sleeping
• irritability
• rapid heart rate
• unexplained weight loss

Both conditions are treatable, so people should see a doctor if they think they may have a thyroid condition.

6. Uterine fibroids

Uterine fibroids are growths that occur in the uterus. Fibroids are usually not cancerous but can cause bleeding, especially heavy menstrual bleeding.

Additional symptoms of fibroids can include:

• feelings of fullness or pressure in the pelvis
• frequent urination
• low back pain
• pain during sex

While doctors do not know what causes uterine fibroids to develop, they do know that they tend to run in families, and changes in hormone levels can affect them.

Doctors can often diagnose the condition by conducting a pelvic examination or performing imaging studies, such as an ultrasound.

Share on PinterestDiscuss frequent or heavy periods with a doctor.

If someone has two periods a month over the course of 2 to 3 months, they should see a doctor.

People should also speak to a doctor about heavy bleeding, such as passing blood clots that are the size of a quarter or larger or bleeding through one or more pads or tampons every hour.

Other period symptoms a person should talk to a doctor about include:

• feeling faint
• pain or bleeding during intercourse
• pelvic pain
• shortness of breath
• unexplained weight changes, including weight gain or loss

Frequent periods can indicate an underlying condition that requires treatment.

Having too many periods can also result in blood loss that leads to anemia or low blood counts, so it is essential to seek medical advice.

According to the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, the average woman has her period for nearly 40 years.

While changes to the menstrual cycle are more common during puberty and in the years leading to menopause, they are not as common in a person’s 20s and 30s.

If a person frequently has two periods in one month, this may indicate an underlying medical condition that could benefit from treatment.

Pregnancy, birth control, and more

Occasionally having irregular periods is fairly common. But if someone often has very long or short menstrual cycles, cycles that change from month to month, or missed periods, this can stem from an underlying health issue.

Doctors consider a person to have irregular periods if their cycles are longer than 38 days, or if the length of each cycle varies by more than 7–9 days.

Below are some potential causes of irregular periods, their symptoms, and their treatments.

Pregnancy stops a person from having periods. A missed period or spotting instead of a period can be the earliest sign. Other signs of early pregnancy may include:

• morning sickness
• nausea
• sensitivity to smells
• breast tingling or tenderness
• fatigue

Diagnosis

If a person’s period is late, they might take an over-the-counter pregnancy test or request testing from a doctor. If the result of a store-bought test is positive, consult a healthcare professional about the next steps.

Speak with a doctor as soon as possible if bleeding occurs after a positive pregnancy test, as this can be a sign of pregnancy loss or ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancies are life threatening without treatment.

Some signs of an ectopic pregnancy include:

• pain in the pelvis or abdomen
• nausea
• vomiting
• dizziness
• fainting

Hormonal birth control works by suppressing ovulation. This means that a person does not have a true period. However, people who use hormonal birth control pills, patches, implants, and intrauterine devices, called IUDs, can still experience vaginal bleeding.

This bleeding may occur roughly once a month, like a regular period. Some people have spotting, irregular bleeding, lighter bleeding, or heavier bleeding after they start this form of birth control. For others, the bleeding stops entirely.

Irregular bleeding due to contraception is usually not harmful, but if a person finds it undesirable or wants to try something else, they can speak with a doctor.

Prolactin is a hormone that plays a role in breastmilk production. It can also suppress ovulation, especially in people who exclusively and frequently breastfeed during the first months of a baby’s life. This means that a person may not get periods during this time.

Doctors call this lactational amenorrhea. It is not harmful. Periods usually return shortly after a person starts breastfeeding less frequently or when they stop breastfeeding.

Perimenopause is the first stage of menopause, and it begins 4–8 years before menopause starts, usually when a person is in their 40s.

During perimenopause, the menstrual cycle may get longer or shorter at various points. Eventually, periods happen less often, and they stop altogether when menopause begins.

Other possible signs of perimenopause include:

• hot flashes
• night sweats
• mood changes
• difficulty sleeping
• vaginal dryness

Identifying perimenopause

Doctors can identify perimenopause by performing blood tests. They may also perform tests to rule out other factors that can have the same effects, such as thyroid disease.

Menopause and perimenopause are natural stages of life, not health problems that require treatment. Some of the changes that they bring can be uncomfortable or distressing, however, and doctors can recommend ways to minimize the impact.

The right approach depends on the changes. For example, if a person experiences vaginal dryness, lubricants and vaginal moisturizers may help, while estrogen therapy may help with hot flashes.

High stress levels are associated with irregular periods. Scientists confirmed this in 2021 by conducting a retrospective study on cycle regularity during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Out of 210 participants, 54% reported changes in their menstrual cycles in the early months of the pandemic. Those with higher self-reported stress were more likely to have longer, heavier periods.

When a person is stressed, the body releases stress hormones, such as adrenaline and cortisol. These can interact with the sex hormones that regulate menstruation.

Diagnosis and treatment

In the short-term, stress can help people respond to threatening situations. However, chronic stress is harmful to mental and physical health.

A person who frequently feels stressed, for any reason, may find it helpful to speak with a mental health professional, who can talk feelings through and teach ways of reducing stress. There are many stress reduction techniques that people can try.

Learn more about why stress happens and how to manage it.

Irregular periods are the most common sign of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which occurs when cysts grow in the ovaries. People with this condition often have high levels of androgens, which are male sex hormones. This can stop ovulation, resulting in irregular periods.

People with PCOS may miss periods and have heavy bleeding when periods do arrive. Other symptoms include:

• excess facial or body hair
• acne and oily skin
• weight gain
• hair loss
• difficulty getting pregnant
• insulin resistance

Diagnosis and treatment

There is no single test for PCOS, so a doctor bases the diagnosis on symptoms, blood test results, and an ultrasound scan to look for cysts on the ovaries.

The treatment depends on whether the person is trying to get pregnant. If they are, medication to induce ovulation may help.

Otherwise, hormonal birth control may help regulate the person’s cycle. Some people also find that their symptoms improve after they lose any excess weight, start avoiding high sugar foods, or both.

The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in the neck that produces thyroid hormones. These have an influence on the menstrual cycle.

Having an underactive thyroid — a condition called hypothyroidism — means that the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones. This can cause longer, heavier periods. Other symptoms include tiredness, sensitivity to cold, and weight gain.

An overactive thyroid, or hyperthyroidism, can cause shorter, lighter periods. A person with this condition may also experience unexplained weight loss, anxiety, and heart palpitations.

Diagnosis and treatment

To diagnose thyroid disease, a doctor requests a blood test that checks levels of thyroid hormones. They also ask about symptoms and take a medical history.

If a person has hypothyroidism, the doctor prescribes medication that replaces the missing thyroid hormones.

If someone has hyperthyroidism, the doctor may recommend medication to reduce thyroid function, radiotherapy targeting the thyroid, or the surgical removal of part or all of the thyroid.

Fibroids are growths that can develop in the wall of the uterus. Most fibroids are noncancerous. They can range from the size of an apple seed to the size of a grapefruit.

A person with fibroids may have periods that are painful and heavy enough to cause anemia. They may also experience:

• pelvic pain or pressure
• lower back pain
• leg pain
• pain during sex

However, some people have no symptoms aside from irregular periods.

Diagnosis and treatment

Most fibroids that do not cause symptoms do not require treatment.

Otherwise, a person may be able to manage the pain with over-the-counter medications. If someone has heavy periods, they may need an iron supplement to prevent anemia.

A doctor may recommend surgically removing larger fibroids that cause pain or other symptoms.

Endometriosis affects 1 in 10 females of reproductive age. It causes the tissue that usually lines the uterus to grow outside the uterus. This can cause significant pain, especially around menstruation.

Other symptoms include:

• heavy bleeding
• long periods
• bleeding between periods
• painful bowel movements
• pain during or after sexual intercourse

Diagnosis and treatment

Exploratory surgery is the only way to diagnose endometriosis. There is currently no cure, but medication and hormone therapy can manage the symptoms.

People trying to become pregnant may need surgery to remove the tissue that is growing outside the uterus.

Excessive or rapid weight loss can cause periods to become less regular or stop. This happens when parts of the brain stop releasing hormones that impact the menstrual cycle. The medical term for it is hypothalamic amenorrhea, and it leads to an estrogen deficiency.

A person with underweight may develop:

• dry skin or hair
• thinning hair
• tiredness
• difficulty concentrating
• difficulty getting warm
• a low mood

Diagnosis and treatment

Using the body mass index (BMI), a person has underweight if their BMI is lower than 18.5. A doctor may calculate a person’s BMI to see if this could be the cause of irregular periods.

How doctors approach underweight depends on the cause. A person may have unintentionally lost weight, in which case, nutritional counseling may help. However, if the cause could be an eating disorder, the doctor may refer the person to a therapist for an assessment.

If a person finds it difficult to stop thinking about food or weight loss, or if they fixate on eating only “clean” or healthy foods, they need to speak with a medical professional. Seeking help can be hard, but it is important.

Eating disorders can severely affect the quality of life of people living with these conditions and those close to them. Early intervention and treatment greatly improve the likelihood of recovery.

Anyone who suspects that they or a loved one has an eating disorder can contact the National Eating Disorder Association for advice and support via:

• phone or text at 800-931-2237
• online chat, by going to this link

These services are only open during specific hours. Someone in crisis can text “NEDA” to 741741 at any time to get support from a trained volunteer at Crisis Text Line.

Alternatively, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) run a Disaster Distress Helpline that people can contact on 800-985-5990 for 24-7 support.

Many other resources are available, including:

• National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders
• The Alliance for Eating Disorder Awareness
• F.E. A.S.T., who provide support and educational resources to friends and family who want to help someone living with an eating disorder

Excessive exercise can also interfere with the hormones responsible for menstruation. This can occur in female athletes, dancers, and others who train intensively. If intense exercise is combined with a restrictive diet, a person might develop the “female athlete triad,” which includes:

• disordered eating
• menstrual changes
• low bone mineral density, or osteoporosis

This can result from pressure to be thin for people who participate in certain sports, such as ballet or gymnastics. In some cases, there may be a competitive advantage of having a lower body weight. Some people find it hard to stop exercising, and the medical term for this is compulsive exercise.

Diagnosis and treatment

A doctor may determine that exercise is causing irregular periods after asking about the person’s routine and diet. For some people, making changes to the exercise routine can help.

If disordered eating or compulsive exercise is the cause, the person may benefit from working with a mental health professional.

Certain medications can affect the menstrual cycle, including:

• blood thinning medications, such as aspirin
• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
• thyroid medications
• antidepressants
• epilepsy drugs
• chemotherapy drugs

Diagnosis and treatment

Medication-related changes to menstruation are not always harmful. However, if a person believes that their irregular periods are related to a medication, they may want to speak with a doctor about alternatives. A person should not adjust their dosage of any medication without consulting a doctor.

Cervical and endometrial cancers can cause unusual bleeding from the uterus that may resemble a period. A person may also notice bleeding between periods or after sex.

These types of cancer cause few symptoms in the early stages, so it is vital to speak with a doctor about any unexplained vaginal bleeding.

Diagnosis and treatment

To diagnose cervical or endometrial cancer, a doctor may take a tissue sample to send for analysis. They may also perform medical imaging tests, such as an ultrasound. Treatment for cancer may include surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy.

People should speak with a doctor if they:

• stop having periods for several months and are not pregnant
• suddenly develop irregular periods, when these are usually regular
• have a cycle that is shorter than 24 days or longer than 38 days
• have a cycle that varies dramatically in length
• experience bleeding between periods or after sex
• experience bleeding after menopause
• experience other symptoms, such as unusual vaginal discharge or fever

Keeping track of when periods occur can help people recognize any irregularity and spot patterns. For example, if someone starts birth control or experiences a stressful event, they may notice that this affects their period.

People can track periods in a diary, on a calendar, or with a period tracking app. Begin by marking the first day of a period, and continue marking the days when bleeding occurs. Within a few months, a person can tell if their periods are regular.

Some people also note down any symptoms, how light or heavy the bleeding was, and any factors that might have affected it. It can be useful to show this record to a doctor when speaking with them about irregular periods.

Irregular periods can result from a range of factors, including some medical conditions. Most causes of irregular periods are not serious, but some are. A doctor can determine the cause and suggest treatments or other approaches, if necessary.

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What is the tax and reporting period for income tax (codes)?

The tax period for income tax, as well as for all other taxes, is the period after which the tax base is determined and the amount of tax payable is calculated (Article 55 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). In addition to the tax period for profit, reporting periods are established. In this article, we will talk about the duration of all these periods, as well as how they are reflected in the tax return.

Profit tax period

The tax period for income tax is defined as a calendar year (clause 1, article 285 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). That is, this is the period from January 1 to December 31.

But this is the general case, and there are exceptions to it, which include the creation or liquidation (reorganization) of an organization in the middle of the year.

So, for a newly created organization, the first tax period for income tax, by virtue of paragraph 2 of Art. 55 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, there will be a period of time:

• from the date of its creation (state registration) until the end of this year ( for example, from May 26 to December 31 of the current year) ;
• or from the date of creation until the end of the next calendar year, if the organization is registered in December ( for example, from December 15 of the last year to December 31 of the current year) .

If a foreign organization, whose activities do not lead to the establishment of a representative office, independently recognizes itself as a tax resident of the Russian Federation, then in accordance with paragraph 6 of Art. 55 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, the first tax period for income tax for it will be the period:

• from January 1 to the end of the calendar year, if she recognized herself as a tax resident from that date;
• from the date of submission of the application until the end of the calendar year, if she recognized herself as a tax resident from the date of submission of the application.
• from the date of submission of the application until the end of the calendar year following the year in which the specified application is submitted, if the application is submitted in the period from December 1 to December 31.

For a liquidated or reorganized organization, the last such period for income tax will be a segment (clause 3 of article 55 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation):

• from the beginning of the year to the day of completion of the liquidation / reorganization ( for example, from January 1 to June 25 of the current year) ;
• or from the date of creation to the day of liquidation / reorganization ( for example, from January 15 to October 22 of the current year - for an organization that was created and liquidated / reorganized within one year; or from December 23 of the current year to June 25 of the next - for an organization that was established in December of the current year and liquidated / reorganized before the end of the next).

Income tax reporting periods

Based on the results of reporting periods, advance income tax payments are made, tax returns are also submitted (clause 1, article 55, clause 2, article 285, clause 1, article 289 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) .

See « What are the deadlines for submitting income tax returns? ".

The Tax Code of the Russian Federation establishes 2 types of income tax reporting periods (let's conditionally call them quarterly and monthly). They depend on which method of calculating advances on profit the organization has chosen - the usual quarterly or on the basis of actually received profit.

See « Income tax advance payments: who pays and how to calculate? ".

For ordinary advances, the reporting periods are (clause 2 of article 285 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation):

• 1 quarter;
• half year;
• 9 months.

With advances calculated from actual profit (clause 2 of article 285 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation):

• month,
• 2 months,
• 3 months and so on until the end of the year.

For example, January, January-February, January-March, etc.

Codes of periods for income tax (21, 31, 33, 34, etc.) for the declaration

Tax or reporting period for income tax required to be indicated in the "profitable" declaration - on the title page. The periods are encoded, their codes are given in Appendix 1 to the Procedure for filling out the declaration (approved by order of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated October 19, 2016 No. ММВ-7-3/572@).

ConsultantPlus will help you choose the correct tax or reporting period code for any declaration. Get a trial access to the system for free and go to the Ready solution.

Results

The tax period for income tax is a year. The duration of the first and last tax period in the life of an organization is determined according to the rules of Art. 55 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. In the income tax declaration, the reporting and tax periods are indicated in accordance with the codes specified in Appendix 1 to the Procedure for filling out the declaration.

Incubation periods for infectious diseases

The incubation period is the period of time between the entry of an infection into the human body and the appearance of the first symptoms of the disease.

The duration of the incubation period is not the same for different infections and even for the same infectious disease in different patients. The duration of this latent period depends both on the characteristics of the causative agent of infection, and on the state of human health, its immune status.

The incubation period is divided into minimum, maximum and usual or average.

The minimum incubation period is the shortest period of time between infection and the first symptoms that was observed when a person encounters this infection. Accordingly, the maximum incubation period is the maximum period of time, and the usual incubation period is the average period of time that is more often observed when a person encounters a certain infection.

As a rule, a person becomes epidemiologically dangerous for others in the second half of the incubation period. However, many infectious diseases have their own nuances, for example, a person with tetanus is not contagious at all. Read more about tetanus and vaccinations here. Amebiasis Several days 14-30 days Several months Rabies 5 days 10-60 days 1 year or more Botulism 6h 12-36h 5-7 days Brucellosis 1 week 4 weeks Several months Viral hepatitis:

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

• HIV

• Haemophilus influenzae

• meningococcal

• rotavirus

• staphylococcal

- food poisoning

- toxic shock syndrome

- cns

• streptococcal

- angina

- scarlet fever

- erysipelas

• hemorrhagic with renal syndrome

• yellow

• Ku

• Lassa

• tropical

• 3 day short incubation

• 3 day long incubation

• oval

• 4-day

• abdominal

• loose

• pincer

• Japanese

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